Abstract:
:When standing quietly, human upright stance is typically approximated as a single segment inverted pendulum. In contrast, investigations which perturb upright stance with support surface translations or visual driving stimuli have shown that the body behaves like a two-segment pendulum, displaying both in-phase and anti-phase patterns between the upper and lower body. Here we present evidence that a single-segment characterization of quiet stance is inadequate. Similar to perturbed stance, quiet stance has simultaneously co-existing in-phase and anti-phase patterns. Subjects stood with eyes closed in three sensory conditions: a fixed surface, a foam surface, and a sway-referenced surface. Spectral analysis showed that the body behaved like a multi-link pendulum with two co-existing modes. The angles of the trunk and leg segments were in-phase for frequencies below 1 Hz and anti-phase for frequencies above 1Hz. The shift from in-phase to anti-phase sway showed an abrupt change for the fixed and foam surfaces, but a gradual change for the sway-referenced condition with the trunk showing a phase lead over the legs. The coexistence of in-phase and anti-phase patterns during quiet stance suggests that the ankle and hip strategies are not extremes along a behavioral continuum of mixed strategies. They are "simultaneously co-existing excitable modes", both always present, but one of which may predominate depending upon the characteristics of the available sensory information, task or perturbation.
journal_name
Neurosci Lettjournal_title
Neuroscience lettersauthors
Creath R,Kiemel T,Horak F,Peterka R,Jeka Jdoi
10.1016/j.neulet.2004.11.071keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-03-29 00:00:00pages
75-80issue
2eissn
0304-3940issn
1872-7972pii
S0304-3940(04)01486-7journal_volume
377pub_type
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