Abstract:
:A densely packed granular system is an example of an out-of-equilibrium system in the jammed state. It has been a longstanding problem to determine whether this class of systems can be described by concepts arising from equilibrium statistical mechanics, such as an effective temperature and compactivity. The measurement of the effective temperature is realized in the laboratory by slowly shearing a closely packed ensemble of spherical beads confined by an external pressure in a Couette geometry. All of the probe particles considered in this study, independent of their characteristic features, equilibrate at the same temperature, given by the packing density of the system.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Song C,Wang P,Makse HAdoi
10.1073/pnas.0409911102keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-02-15 00:00:00pages
2299-304issue
7eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
0409911102journal_volume
102pub_type
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