Sulfonamide resistance mechanism in Escherichia coli: R plasmids can determine sulfonamide-resistant dihydropteroate synthases.

abstract：:The principal methyl donor of the cell, S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), is produced by the highly conserved family of methionine adenosyltranferases (MATs) via an ATP-driven process. These enzymes play an important role in the preservation of life, and their dysregulation has been tightly linked to liver and colon cancer...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murray B,Antonyuk SV,Marina A,Lu SC,Mato JM,Hasnain SS,Rojas AL

更新日期：2016-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Negative cooperativity has been observed in CTP synthetase, an allosteric enzyme which contains a regulatory site. Thus, the same enzyme exhibits negative cooperativity for GTP (an effector) and glutamine (a substrate) and positive cooperativity for ATP and UTP (both substrates). In the process of the delineation of t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levitzki A,Koshland DE Jr

更新日期：1969-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Single molecule studies, at constant force, of the separation of double-stranded DNA into two separated single strands may provide information relevant to the dynamics of DNA replication. At constant applied force, theory predicts that the unzipped length as a function of time is characterized by jumps during which th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Danilowicz C,Coljee VW,Bouzigues C,Lubensky DK,Nelson DR,Prentiss M

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Human neutrophils respond to chemoattractants, resulting in their accumulation at an inflammatory site. Chemoattractants such as the C5a peptide, derived from the C5 complement factor, bind to inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding protein (Gi)-coupled seven membrane-spanning receptors expressed in neutrophils. C5a rec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buhl AM,Avdi N,Worthen GS,Johnson GL

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) buffer and remove synaptically released L-glutamate and maintain its concentrations below neurotoxic levels. EAATs also mediate a thermodynamically uncoupled substrate-gated anion conductance that may modulate cell excitability. Here, we demonstrate that modification of a cys...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seal RP,Shigeri Y,Eliasof S,Leighton BH,Amara SG

更新日期：2001-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:An RNA polymerase (nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6) has been purified from phage-SP01-infected Bacillus subtilis that copies RNA almost exclusively from the heavy strand of native SP01 DNA, the DNA strand from which "middle" and "late" classes of RNA are copied in vivo. Hybridization-com...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pero J,Nelson J,Fox TD

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recombinant plasmid containing sequences complementary to human pro-alpha l(I) collagen mRNA was used for the chromosomal assignment of the pro-alpha l(I) collagen gene. Restriction endonuclease analysis of DNA from mouse-human and Chinese hamster-human somatic cell hybrids revealed cosegregation with human chromoso...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huerre C,Junien C,Weil D,Chu ML,Morabito M,Van Cong N,Myers JC,Foubert C,Gross MS,Prockop DJ,Boué A,Kaplan JC,de la Chapelle A,Ramirez F

更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High molecular weight polypeptides (HMWPs) of 270,000 to 340,000 were found to be major components of intermediate filaments prepared by Triton X-100 extraction after spreading of rat glioma C6, HeLa, Chinese hamster ovary, and simian virus 40-transformed Chinese hamster lung cells. C6 HMWPs were shown to resemble hig...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pytela R,Wiche G

更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microarrays have enabled the determination of how thousands of genes are expressed to coordinate function within single organisms. Yet applications to natural or engineered communities where different organisms interact to produce complex properties are hampered by theoretical and technological limitations. Here we de...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marcelino LA,Backman V,Donaldson A,Steadman C,Thompson JR,Preheim SP,Lien C,Lim E,Veneziano D,Polz MF

更新日期：2006-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally the spontaneous clustering of solitons in partially coherent wavefronts during the final stages of pattern formation initiated by modulation instability and noise. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen Z,Sears SM,Martin H,Christodoulides DN,Segev M

更新日期：2002-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanism of enzymatic conversion of a fatty acid to the corresponding alkane by the loss of the carboxyl carbon was investigated with particulate preparations from Pisum sativum. A heavy particulate preparation (sp. gr., 1.30 g/cm3) isolated by two density-gradient centrifugation steps catalyzed conversion of octadec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cheesbrough TM,Kolattukudy PE

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calls for the eradication of malaria require the development of global and regional strategies based on a strong and consistent evidence base. Evidence from the previous global malaria eradication program and more recent transborder control campaigns have shown the importance of accounting for human movement in introd...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tatem AJ,Smith DL

更新日期：2010-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Tactile-foraging ducks are specialist birds known for their touch-dependent feeding behavior. They use dabbling, straining, and filtering to find edible matter in murky water, relying on the sense of touch in their bill. Here, we present the molecular characterization of embryonic duck bill, which we show contains a h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schneider ER,Anderson EO,Mastrotto M,Matson JD,Schulz VP,Gallagher PG,LaMotte RH,Gracheva EO,Bagriantsev SN

更新日期：2017-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammary gland consists of an adipose tissue that, in a process called branching morphogenesis, is invaded by a ductal epithelial network comprising basal and luminal epithelial cells. Stem and progenitor cells drive mammary growth, and their proliferation is regulated by multiple extracellular cues. One of the key...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kessenbrock K,Smith P,Steenbeek SC,Pervolarakis N,Kumar R,Minami Y,Goga A,Hinck L,Werb Z

更新日期：2017-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ten-Eleven-Translocation 2 (TET2) gene encodes a member of TET family enzymes that alters the epigenetic status of DNA by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Somatic loss-of-function mutations of TET2 are frequently observed in patients with diverse myeloid malignancies, including myelody...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ko M,Bandukwala HS,An J,Lamperti ED,Thompson EC,Hastie R,Tsangaratou A,Rajewsky K,Koralov SB,Rao A

更新日期：2011-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Short interfering RNA (siRNA) is widely used for studying gene function and holds great promise as a tool for validating drug targets and treating disease. A critical assumption in these applications is that the effect of siRNA on cells is specific, i.e., limited to the specific knockdown of the target gene. In this a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Semizarov D,Frost L,Sarthy A,Kroeger P,Halbert DN,Fesik SW

更新日期：2003-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from DNA or RNA templates. During this process, it must transfer its primer from one template to another RNA or DNA template. Binary complexes made of RT and a primer/template bind an additional single-stranded RNA molecule of the same nucleotide sequence...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Canard B,Sarfati R,Richardson CC

更新日期：1997-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) biology has focused on the tightly regulated enzymatic mechanism that transforms L-arginine into a family of molecules, which serve both signaling and defense functions. However, very little is known of the pathways that metabolize these molecules or turn off the signals. The paradigm is well exempli...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hausladen A,Gow AJ,Stamler JS

更新日期：1998-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The Late Quaternary glacial-interglacial transitions represent the highest amplitude climate changes over the last million years. Unraveling the sequence of events and feedbacks at Termination III (T-III), including potential abrupt climate reversals similar to those of the last Termination, has been particularly chal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pérez-Mejías C,Moreno A,Sancho C,Bartolomé M,Stoll H,Cacho I,Cheng H,Edwards RL

更新日期：2017-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:A culture of mouse A9 cells yielded clones of both high and low malignancy. Confirmation of the differences in malignancy of the clones was obtained after their hybridization with subclones of YACIR a lymphoma induced by Moloney leukemia virus. Low malignant A9 clones suppressed the malignancy of the YACIR partner in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clements GB,Fenyö EM,Klein G

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of cooperation has a well established theoretical framework based on game theory. This approach has made valuable contributions to a wide variety of disciplines, including political science, economics, and evolutionary biology. Existing cancer theory suggests that individual clones of cancer cells evolve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Axelrod R,Axelrod DE,Pienta KJ

更新日期：2006-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:T cell recognition typically involves both the engagement of a specific T cell receptor with a peptide/major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and a number of accessory interactions. One of the most important interactions is between the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) on the T cell and intrace...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wülfing C,Sjaastad MD,Davis MM

更新日期：1998-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change is increasing fire activity in the western United States, which has the potential to accelerate climate-induced shifts in vegetation communities. Wildfire can catalyze vegetation change by killing adult trees that could otherwise persist in climate conditions no longer suitable for seedling establishmen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davis KT,Dobrowski SZ,Higuera PE,Holden ZA,Veblen TT,Rother MT,Parks SA,Sala A,Maneta MP

更新日期：2019-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:MinD is a widely conserved ATPase that has been demonstrated to play a pivotal role in selection of the division site in eubacteria and chloroplasts. It is a member of the large ParA superfamily of ATPases that are characterized by a deviant Walker-type ATP-binding motif. MinD localizes to the cytoplasmic face of the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Szeto TH,Rowland SL,Rothfield LI,King GF

更新日期：2002-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The "WD40" domain is a widespread recognition module for linking partner proteins in intracellular networks of signaling and sorting. The clathrin amino-terminal domain, which directs incorporation of cargo into coated pits, is a beta-propeller closely related in structure to WD40 modules. The crystallographically det...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： ter Haar E,Harrison SC,Kirchhausen T

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The convulsant agent methionine sulfoximine inhibits brain glutamine synthetase irreversibly and the inhibitor becomes bound to the active site of the enzyme as methionine sulfoximine phosphate. Only one of the four isomers of methionine sulfoximine, L-methionine-S-sulfoximine, inhibits glutamine synthetase. In the pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rowe WB,Meister A

更新日期：1970-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal cells, potentially usable for prenatal diagnosis, were sorted from maternal blood samples taken as early as 15 weeks of gestation. Immunogenetic and cytogenic criteria established the fetal origin of the observed cells: Y-chromatin-containing (male) cells were detected in the sorted sample if and only if the new...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Herzenberg LA,Bianchi DW,Schröder J,Cann HM,Iverson GM

更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clathrin-coated vesicles are known to be involved in the transport of proteins from the Golgi to the vacuole in plant cells. The mechanisms by which proteins are directed into this pathway are not known. Here we identify an integral membrane protein of approximately 80 kDa, extracted from clathrin-coated vesicles of d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirsch T,Paris N,Butler JM,Beevers L,Rogers JC

更新日期：1994-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) at arterial branches and curvatures experience disturbed blood flow and induce a quiescent-to-activated phenotypic transition of the adjacent smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and a subsequent smooth muscle hyperplasia. However, the mechanism underlying the flow pattern-specific initiation of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu JJ,Liu YF,Zhang YP,Zhao CR,Yao WJ,Li YS,Wang KC,Huang TS,Pang W,Wang XF,Wang X,Chien S,Zhou J

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endbrain (telencephalon) is at the rostral end of the central nervous system and is primarily responsible for supporting cognition and affect. Structurally, it consists of right and left cerebral hemispheres, each parceled into multiple cortical and nuclear gray matter regions. The global network organization of a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Swanson LW,Hahn JD,Jeub LGS,Fortunato S,Sporns O

更新日期：2018-07-17 00:00:00