Abstract:
:The structural and functional organization of the cell nucleus has been investigated using three-dimensional reconstruction, immunoelectron microscopy, and high-resolution in situ autoradiography. Nuclear regions enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) form a reticular network within the nucleoplasm that extends between the nucleolar surface and the nuclear envelope. The snRNPs occupy approximately 18% of the volume of CHOC 400 cell nuclei. The in situ sites of DNA replication and transcription are complementary to, rather than coincident with, the nuclear regions concentrated in snRNPs. Based on these data a three-dimensional model of the organization of the mammalian cell nucleus is presented.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Spector DLdoi
10.1073/pnas.87.1.147subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
147-51issue
1eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) family of transcription factors has been implicated in inflammatory disorders, viral infections, and cancer. Most of the drugs that inhibit NFκB show significant side effects, possibly due to sustained NFκB suppression. Drugs affecting induced, but not basal, NFκB activity may have the pot...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1710467114
更新日期:2017-09-19 00:00:00
abstract::The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of organ growth and tumorigenesis. In Drosophila, oncogenic RasV12 cooperates with loss-of-cell polarity to promote Hippo pathway-dependent tumor growth. To identify additional factors that modulate this signaling, we performed a genetic screen utilizing the D...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2013449117
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::When human genome was fractionated by thermal elution chromatography, repetitious DNA was found in every arbitrary temperature segment. When these repetitious DNA families were used for in situ hybridization, the following conclusions were evident: (a) Unlike the case of mouse, where essentially all centromeric hetero...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.6.1464
更新日期:1972-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary structure of the precursor of urotensin I, a neuropeptide hormone from the caudal neurosecretory system of the carp Cyprinus carpio, has been determined by analyzing the nucleotide sequence of cloned DNA complementary to the mRNA encoding it. The precursor consists of 145 amino acid residues and the carbox...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.2.308
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of the third component of human complement (C3) with methylamine results in a loss of hemolytic function and the appearance of a thiol group. Studies with [14C]methylamine have indicatd a stoichiometric and covalent reaction with the native protein. Hydrazine-inactivated C3 and C3b prepared with bovine tryps...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.10.5764
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral membrane fusion proteins of class I are trimers in which the protomeric unit is a complex of a surface subunit (SU) and a fusion active transmembrane subunit (TM). Here we have studied how the protomeric units of Moloney murine leukemia virus envelope protein (Env) are activated in relation to each other, sequen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1617264114
更新日期:2017-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::Besides ethanol, acetic acid is produced in naturally fermenting sweet resources and is a significant environmental stress for fruit-breeding Drosophila populations and species. Although not related to the presence of an active alcohol dehydrogenase, adult acetic acid tolerance was found to correlate with ethanol tole...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.8.3621
更新日期:1993-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1), a histone methyltransferase, catalyzes histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation and is involved in heterochromatin organization and genome stability. However, the mechanism for regulation of the enzymatic activity of SUV39H1 in cancer cells is not yet well known. In this stu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1216596110
更新日期:2013-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a potent tumor promoter, on the synthesis of proteins in BALB/c 3T3 mouse fibroblasts has been studied. When [35S]methionine-labeled proteins synthesized after the addition of TPA were analyzed by one- or two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.6.1800
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theories of general anesthesia have shifted in focus from bulk lipid effects to specific interactions with membrane proteins. Target receptors include several subtypes of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels; however, structures of physiologically relevant proteins in this family have yet to define anesthetic binding ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1809650115
更新日期:2018-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Adoptive T cell therapy, involving the ex vivo selection and expansion of antigen-specific T cell clones, provides a means of augmenting antigen-specific immunity without the in vivo constraints that can accompany vaccine-based strategies. A phase I study was performed to evaluate the safety, in vivo persistence, and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.242600099
更新日期:2002-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Severe hearing loss during early development is associated with deficits in speech and language acquisition. Although functional studies have shown a deafness-induced alteration of synaptic strength, it is not known whether long-term synaptic plasticity depends on auditory experience. In this study, sensorineural hear...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0607177104
更新日期:2007-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a "continual engagement" model to better integrate knowledge from policy makers, communities, and researchers with the goal of promoting more effective action to balance poverty alleviation and wildlife conservation in 4 pastoral ecosystems of East Africa. The model involved the creation of a core boundar...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0900313106
更新日期:2016-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::The growth of actin filament networks is a fundamental biological process that drives a variety of cellular and intracellular motions. During motility, eukaryotic cells and intracellular pathogens are propelled by actin networks organized by nucleation-promoting factors that trigger the formation of nascent filaments ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0702601104
更新日期:2007-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the catalytic mechanism of the recently discovered ThyX family of flavin-dependent thymidylate synthases that are required for thymidylate (deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate) synthesis in a large number of microbial species. Using a combination of site-directed mutagenesis and biochemical measureme...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0401365101
更新日期:2004-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::Hybridization in plants leads to transinteractions between the parental genomes and epigenomes that can result in changes to both 24 nt siRNA and cytosine methylation ((m)C) levels in the hybrid. In Arabidopsis the principle processes altering the hybrid methylome are Trans Chromosomal Methylation (TCM) and Trans Chro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1323656111
更新日期:2014-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Recent reports on the dystrophic mouse mutant suggest that the prominent extracellular matrix component of peripheral nerve tissues plays an important role in peripheral nerve development. We have examined the disposition of two prominent extracellular matrix components, fibronectin and laminin, both in mature periphe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.12.3850
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The highly aggressive character of melanoma makes it an excellent model for probing the mechanisms underlying metastasis, which remains one of the most difficult challenges in treating cancer. We find that miR-182, member of a miRNA cluster in a chromosomal locus (7q31-34) frequently amplified in melanoma, is commonly...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0808263106
更新日期:2009-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Despite advances in resolution accompanying the development of high-field superconducting magnets, biomolecular applications of NMR require multiple dimensions in order to resolve individual resonances, and the achievable resolution is typically limited by practical constraints on measuring time. In addition to the ne...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1103723108
更新日期:2011-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokines and their receptors direct leukocyte migration among blood, lymph and tissues. Evidence has recently accumulated that, besides their chemotactic functions, chemokine receptors are highly versatile players that fine tune immune responses. During human T cell activation by antigen-presenting cells, the chemok...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0804286105
更新日期:2008-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::Redistribution of specialized molecules in migrating cells develops asymmetry between two opposite cell poles, the leading edge and the uropod. We show that acquisition of a motile phenotype in T lymphocytes results in the asymmetric redistribution of ganglioside GM3- and GM1-enriched raft domains to the leading edge ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.171160298
更新日期:2001-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::RNA-directed DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase) from leukocytes of individual leukemic patients can be grouped by velocity gradient analyses into two distinct classes, a low-molecular-weight (LMW) class of approximately 70,000 and a high-molecular-weight (HMW) class of 130,000 to 140,000. The reverse transcriptase...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.3.1194
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::After encoding, memory traces are initially fragile and have to be reinforced to become permanent. The initial steps of this process occur at a cellular level within minutes or hours. Besides this rapid synaptic consolidation, systems consolidation occurs within a time frame of days to years. For declarative memory, t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0705454104
更新日期:2007-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::An exciton is an electron-hole pair bound by attractive Coulomb interaction. Short-lived excitons have been detected by a variety of experimental probes in numerous contexts. An excitonic insulator, a collective state of such excitons, has been more elusive. Here, thanks to Nernst measurements in pulsed magnetic field...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2012811117
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relatively little is understood about the dynamics of global host-pathogen transcriptome changes that occur during bacterial infection of mucosal surfaces. To test the hypothesis that group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection of the oropharynx provokes a distinct host transcriptome response, we performed genome-wide trans...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0906384107
更新日期:2010-03-09 00:00:00
abstract::The extensive Early Jurassic continental strata of southern Africa have yielded an exceptional record of dinosaurs that includes scores of partial to complete skeletons of the sauropodomorph Massospondylus, ranging from embryos to large adults. In 1976 an incomplete egg clutch including in ovo embryos of this dinosaur...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1109385109
更新日期:2012-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Caenorhabditis elegans sqv mutants are defective in vulval epithelial invagination and have a severe reduction in hermaphrodite fertility. The gene sqv-7 encodes a multitransmembrane hydrophobic protein resembling nucleotide sugar transporters of the Golgi membrane. A Golgi vesicle enriched fraction of Saccharomyces c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.061593098
更新日期:2001-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::The three-dimensional structures of RNA enzymes form catalytic centers that include specific substrate binding sites. High-resolution determination of these and other RNA structures is essential for a detailed understanding of the function of RNA in biological systems. The crystal structures of only a few RNA molecule...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.16.7829
更新日期:1993-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Vertically transmitted symbionts that protect their hosts against parasites and pathogens are well known from insects, yet the underlying mechanisms of symbiont-mediated defense are largely unclear. A striking example of an ecologically important defensive symbiosis involves the woodland fly Drosophila neotestacea, wh...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1518648113
更新日期:2016-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a class of cell surface receptors that, upon ligand binding, stimulate a variety of critical cellular functions. The orphan receptor anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is one of very few RTKs that remain without a firmly established protein ligand. Here we present a novel cytokine, F...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1520099112
更新日期:2015-12-29 00:00:00