Differential expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in tissues of the human female reproductive tract.

abstract：:The immunogenic and adjuvant properties of Brucella abortus and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) were studied in endotoxin-responsive, athymic, and euthymic BALB/c mice and in responsive C3H/HeAu mice and congenic nonresponsive C3H/HeJ mice. Consistent with previous reports, E. coli LPS did not stimulate si...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Moreno E,Kurtz RS,Berman DT

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Burkholderia cenocepacia, a member of the B. cepacia complex, is an opportunistic pathogen that causes serious infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. We identified a six-gene cluster in chromosome 1 encoding a two-component regulatory system (BCAL2831 and BCAL2830) and an HtrA protease (BCAL2829) hypothesized to...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Flannagan RS,Aubert D,Kooi C,Sokol PA,Valvano MA

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A parasitic protozoan, Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, was previously made resistant to tunicamycin (J.A. Kink and K.-P. Chang, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:1253-1257, 1987). In the present study, six different tunicamycin-resistant variants were biologically and biochemically compared with their parental wild type ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Kink JA,Chang KP

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this analysis we have examined in detail the effects of low concentrations of zinc on the growth and dimorphism of Candida albicans. Evidence is presented that micromolar concentrations of zinc added to growth cultures grown at 25 degrees C (i) cause a twofold increase in the final concentration of spheres at satio...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Bedell GW,Soll DR

更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined 205 enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli for colonization factor antigens (CFA) I and II, using an immunodiffusion technique with specific antisera. A total of 36 strains of serogroups O63, O78, O114, O128, and O153 and 1 rough strain possessed CFA/I and gave a single precipitin line; 47 strains of ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Cravioto A,Scotland SM,Rowe B

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of CD8 T cells in controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections in mice was confirmed by comparing the levels of growth of the organism in control, major histocompatibility complex class II knockout, and athymic mice and by transferring T-cell populations into athymic mice. By using donor mice which were ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Tascon RE,Stavropoulos E,Lukacs KV,Colston MJ

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Groups of specific pathogen-free Hartley strain guinea pigs were vaccinated with viable Mycobacterium bovis BCG and maintained on isocaloric purified diets containing either 30 or 10% protein (ovalbumin) combined with either 50 ppm (microgram/g) or no added zinc. Seven weeks later the guinea pigs were skin tested with...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： McMurray DN,Yetley EA

更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibody levels in sera and respiratory secretions and resistance to respiratory infections were examined in mice given live infuenza virus in small-particle (2 mum) aerosols, large-particle (10 mum) aerosols, intraperitoneally, and subcutaneously. After parenteral administration antibody was found primarily in the se...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Scott GH,Sydiskis RJ

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of mice suggest that pneumococcal proteins, including PspA, pneumolysin, PsaA, and CbpA, are promising vaccine candidates. To determine whether these proteins are good mucosal immunogens in humans, adenoidal lymphocytes from 20 children who had adenoidectomies were isolated and tested by ELISpot for antigen-sp...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Zhang Q,Choo S,Finn A

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ehrlichia chaffeensis is an obligately intracellular gram-negative bacterium and is the etiologic agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME). Although E. chaffeensis induces the generation of several cytokines and chemokines by leukocytes, E. chaffeensis lacks lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. Bioinfomatic analys...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Huang H,Lin M,Wang X,Kikuchi T,Mottaz H,Norbeck A,Rikihisa Y

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arg-gingipains are extracellular cysteine proteases produced by the gram-negative periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis and are encoded by rgpA and rgpB. Three Arg-gingipains, heterodimeric high-molecular-mass Arg-gingipain HRgpA comprising the alpha-catalytic chain and the beta-adhesin chain, the monomeric so...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Rangarajan M,Hashim A,Aduse-Opoku J,Paramonov N,Hounsell EF,Curtis MA

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies against an apparent strain-specific cell surface antigen of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were produced. Spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with whole gonococci were fused with mouse myeloma cell line Sp2/0, and hybrid cells were selected in culture. One hybridoma that secreted ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Nachamkin I,Cannon JG,Mittler RS

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Yersinia pestis causes a rapid, lethal disease referred to as plague. Y. pestis actively inhibits the innate immune system to generate a noninflammatory environment during early stages of infection to promote colonization. The ability of Y. pestis to create this early noninflammatory environment is in part due to the ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Pulsifer AR,Vashishta A,Reeves SA,Wolfe JK,Palace SG,Proulx MK,Goguen J,Bodduluri SR,Haribabu B,Uriarte SM,Lawrenz MB

更新日期：2020-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme arthritis, does not produce any exported proteases capable of degrading extracellular matrix despite the fact that it is able to disseminate from a skin insertion site to infect multiple organs. Prior studies have shown that B. burgdorferi induces the host protease, ma...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Heilpern AJ,Wertheim W,He J,Perides G,Bronson RT,Hu LT

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasive fungal infections represent an increasing problem associated with high mortality. The present study was undertaken to identify leukocyte subsets that are activated by hyphal fragments in a whole-human-blood model, as well as to examine the involvement of CD14 and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in activation of mo...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Wang JE,Warris A,Ellingsen EA,Jørgensen PF,Flo TH,Espevik T,Solberg R,Verweij PE,Aasen AO

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The appearance of lymphotoxin in the culture fluid of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated mouse spleen cells required two cell fractions that were separated by adherence to plastic. Upon stimulation with PHA, neither cell fraction alone produced significant amounts of lymphotoxin; however, when the cell fractions were...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Aksamit RR,Leonard EJ

更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously demonstrated the suppression of cell-mediated immunity to Listeria monocytogenes by Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced, macrophage-like cells. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the mechanism for this suppression. P. aeruginosa supernatant was shown to activate macrophages by the criteria of increa...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Petit JC,Richard G,Burghoffer B,Daguet GL

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complement is a critical component of antimicrobial immunity. Various complement regulatory proteins prevent host cells from being attacked. Many pathogens have acquired the ability to sequester complement regulators from host plasma to evade complement attack. We describe here how Streptococcus pneumoniae adopts a st...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Haleem KS,Ali YM,Yesilkaya H,Kohler T,Hammerschmidt S,Andrew PW,Schwaeble WJ,Lynch NJ

更新日期：2018-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study we demonstrate the capability of Chlamydia trachomatis to infect cultured human mesothelial cell (MC) monolayers and to induce the production of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and IL-8. Seventy-two hours after initial infection, both the procoagulant activity of MC and the act...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： van Westreenen M,Pronk A,Diepersloot RJ,de Groot PG,Leguit P

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Erythrocytic malaria parasites degrade hemoglobin as a principal source of amino acids for parasite protein synthesis. We have previously shown that a Plasmodium falciparum trophozoite cysteine proteinase, now termed falcipain, is required for hemoglobin degradation, and we have hypothesized that this proteinase is re...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Salas F,Fichmann J,Lee GK,Scott MD,Rosenthal PJ

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutrophil collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase 8 [MMP-8]) is an important mediator of tissue destruction in inflammatory diseases. Studies of anaerobic periodontal infections have shown that active MMP-8 in gingival crevicular fluid is associated with the degradation of periodontal tissues in progressive periodontit...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Romanelli R,Mancini S,Laschinger C,Overall CM,Sodek J,McCulloch CA

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although serum amyloid P component (SAP) is known to bind many ligands, its biological function is not yet clear. Recently, it was demonstrated that SAP binds to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In the present study, SAP was shown to bind to gram-negative bacteria expressing short types of LPS or lipo-oligosaccharide (LOS), ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： de Haas CJ,van Leeuwen EM,van Bommel T,Verhoef J,van Kessel KP,van Strijp JA

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autotransporters of gram-negative bacteria are single-peptide secretion systems that consist of a functional N-terminal alpha-domain ("passenger") fused to a C-terminal beta-domain ("translocator"). How passenger proteins are translocated through the outer membrane has not been resolved, and at present essentially thr...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Müller D,Benz I,Tapadar D,Buddenborg C,Greune L,Schmidt MA

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifteen clinical isolates of Trichomonas vaginalis were evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with transfer to nitrocellulose and by immunoblots probed with human sera. All T. vaginalis isolates showed similar banding patterns by Coomassie brilliant blue and silver staining of the elec...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Garber GE,Proctor EM,Bowie WR

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Purified cell walls representing a wide variety in teichoic acid and peptidoglycan structure prepared from eight different gram-positive bacterial species induced the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 from human monocytes in the presence of 10% plasma or serum. Significant amounts...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Heumann D,Barras C,Severin A,Glauser MP,Tomasz A

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complement receptor type 3 (CR3) was initially described as an opsonic receptor. Subsequently, CR3-mediated lectin-sugar recognition mechanisms have been shown to play a major role in the nonopsonic phagocytosis of several pathogens, among them Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Little is known about the binding and signal t...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Le Cabec V,Cols C,Maridonneau-Parini I

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Help from CD4 T cells is often important for the establishment of primary and memory CD8 T-cell responses. However, it has yet to be determined whether T helper polarization affects the delivery of help and/or whether responding CD8 T cells helped by Th1 or Th2 cells express distinct effector properties. To address th...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Ekkens MJ,Shedlock DJ,Jung E,Troy A,Pearce EL,Shen H,Pearce EJ

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of Rickettsia prowazekii-infected L929 cells with gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) immediately after infection altered the lipid metabolism of the host cells as determined by measurement of phospholipid hydrolysis and oleic acid incorporation into phospholipids and neutral lipids. At 48 h postinfection, there wa...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Winkler HH,Day L,Daugherty R,Turco J

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence of translocation of viable Escherichia coli C25 from the gastrointestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph nodes was compared in gnotobiotic mice colonized with only E. coli C25 and in gnotobiotic mice colonized with E. coli C25 plus the whole cecal flora from specific pathogen-free mice. The population lev...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Berg RD,Owens WE

更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A GroEL-like protein from Bordetella pertussis was purified. This protein was found to have the tetradecameric subunit structure typical of the GroEL family of proteins and to contain epitopes similar to those of other members of this family, including a human GroEL-like protein. Active immunization of neonatal mice w...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Burns DL,Gould-Kostka JL,Kessel M,Arciniega JL

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00