Abstract:
:British anti-Lewisite (BAL) (2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol) is a potential therapeutic compound when used against the effects of cutaneous sulfur mustard, and a method for its determination in plasma has been developed. BAL and the internal standard (IS) ethane dithiol were isolated from plasma samples through solid-phase extraction and then reacted with 1-pentafluoropropionylimidazole, forming stable pentafluoropropionyl derivates that are sensitive to gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis. Examination of concentration versus peak-area ratios of the BAL and IS derivatives demonstrated the method to be linear over a concentration range of 0.48 to 124 ng/mL in plasma when fit to a weighted (1/y2) least-squares regression. Correlation coefficients were 0.9943 to 0.9995 for six runs, and coefficients of variation (CV) were 2.5 to 8.7% over the eight concentrations tested. The intra- and interday accuracy and precision of this method was measured by examining six groups of eight unknown test samples (n = 6). Intraday accuracy, as expressed by percent error, was found to range from -15.4 to 0.21%, whereas the precision, expressed as %CV, was less than 9.8% over all sample concentrations. Interday test unknown sample results were similar in that the accuracy was shown to be -7.1 to 0.4%, and precision was 4.7 to 9.5%. BAL levels in frozen plasma (-70 degrees C) remained constant for more than 14 days with a CV of less than 10% for the eight concentrations tested. The data indicate that the method will provide accurate and precise determination of BAL at concentrations down to approximately 1 ng/mL in plasma. This procedure has been applied to determine preliminary time-concentration profile studies of BAL in the hairless guinea pig.
journal_name
J Anal Toxicoljournal_title
Journal of analytical toxicologyauthors
Byers CE,Holloway ER,Korte WD,Smith JR,Clarkson ED,Platoff GE,Capacio BRdoi
10.1093/jat/28.5.384keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-07-01 00:00:00pages
384-9issue
5eissn
0146-4760issn
1945-2403journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In an effort to determine a practical, efficient, and economical alternative for the use of a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the detection of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in human urine, the performance of two photometric immunoassays (Dade Behring EMIT II and Microgenics CEDIA) and the Diagnostics Products Corp. (DPC...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/26.7.519
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrocodone in combination with acetaminophen is commonly used to control moderate pain and is metabolized by cytochrome P4502D6 to form the active metabolite, hydromorphone. The purpose of this study was to determine the metabolic relationship and variability between hydrocodone and its conversion to hydromorphone us...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bks019
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The abuse of the designer amphetamines such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is increasing throughout the world. They have become popular drugs at all night techno dance parties, and their detection is an important issue. The objective of the presented study was to identify an unknown compound detected by t...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/29.5.353
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 183 random, whole-blood specimens was collected from healthy individuals within the State of Queensland (Australia), and the bromide concentration was determined by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WDXRF). The intensity of the tube Compton scatter line was used to account for differenc...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/22.3.225
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sensitive and robust ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the quantification of acetaminophen, dexchlorpheniramine, caffeine, cotinine and salicylic acid in postmortem blood samples from children younger than 4 years. The sample was prepare...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkx089
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::About 22,000 samples of oral fluid have been collected in five population studies in Norway using either the Intercept or Statsure oral fluid sampling devices. The prevalence of alcohol and drugs was found to be higher in oral fluid samples with small volumes than in those with large volumes for both sampling devices;...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/34.7.416
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::High doses of nutmeg (seeds from Myristica fragrans Houtt.) can be abused as a psychoactive drug due to phenylpropene ingredients. During controlled abstinence, e.g., in forensic psychiatric clinics, nutmeg abuse has to be distinguished from an ingestion of other spices having phenylpropene ingredients (e.g., black pe...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkz054
更新日期:2020-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclopropylfentanyl is a fentanyl analog implicated in 78 deaths in Europe and over 100 deaths in the United States, but toxicological information including metabolism data about this drug is scarce. The aim of this study was to provide the exact structure of abundant and unique metabolites of cyclopropylfentanyl alon...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkz057
更新日期:2019-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::At the end of 2010, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) used its emergency scheduling authority to temporarily control five chemicals, JWH-018, JWH-073, JWH-200, CP-47497, and cannabicyclohexanol (CP-47497 C8), often referred to as "Spice", K2, or "synthetic cannabinoids" because of their reported cannabis-...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/anatox/35.7.424
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding cocaine and metabolites urinary excretion following smoking is important for interpretation of urine test results in judicial, workplace and treatment settings. In National Institute on Drug Abuse approved studies on a secure research unit, six subjects smoked placebo, 10, 20, and 40 mg cocaine with a pr...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/31.8.462
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Europe, the compound 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy, Adam), in addition to cannabis, is the most abused illicit drug at all-night "techno" parties. Methods for the determination of MDMA and its metabolites, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine (HMMA), 3,4-dihydroxy-methamphetamine (HHMA), 3,4-methyl...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/20.6.432
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human urine was tested for tricyclic antidepressants with fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) reagents on Abbott's ADx system and with EIA reagents on Syva's ETS system. A 75-ng/mL imipramine calibrator cutoff was used with the ADx system and a 300-ng/mL nortriptyline calibrator cutoff with the ETS system. Th...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/14.5.273
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthetic chemical 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) has been shown to be a bladder carcinogen in both man and animals. A valid radioimmunoassay for a metabolite of 4-ABP has been developed as a means to monitor potential human exposure to 4-ABP. The antibody was produced by the immunization of two female New Zealand White ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/4.2.86
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method for the determination of the antidepressant drug trazodone is presented. 8-Hydroxyloxapine is used as the internal standard. A simple solid-phase extraction procedure utilizing disposable reversed-phase C18 columns is described. Samples are analyzed by gas chromatography with nitrogen-selective detection usin...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/12.3.150
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mothers who had no prenatal care and in their newborns, the presence of cocaine and benzoylecgonine (BE) was determined in urine, hair, and meconium. Samples of urine and hair were obtained from pregnant women who entered the hospital for delivery. Cocaine usage was assessed by a urinary enzyme-multiplied immunoass...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/18.5.247
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) concentrations in blood and urine are well documented, but there are very little data on natural levels in saliva, a biological matrix increasingly used for drug testing. We measured endogenous GHB concentrations in 120 unpaid volunteers who also provided anonymous epidemiologica...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/anatox/35.3.148
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) was used to test for opiates (morphine, hydromorphone, and codeine) in extracts of blood, bile, and tissue homogenates. All immunoassay opiate positive specimens were then tested by a reversed-phase liquid chromatographic procedure using electrochemical detection (LCEC...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/8.2.78
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitreous humor is a potential alternative matrix for postmortem toxicology drug screens when peripheral blood is unavailable. It is easily and reliably collected and may not suffer from the same postmortem redistribution as seen in blood. Here, we compared the concentrations of 7 acidic drugs (acetaminophen, ibuprofen...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkz076
更新日期:2019-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::The percent recovery of mercury from human hair digest samples, using the peak height cold-vapor atomic adsorption method is 73.0% +/- 10.3%. This value and its reproducibility are raised to 102.2% +/- 6.3% by use of peak area measurements in place of peak height. The so-called matrix effect is thus eliminated, and it...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/5.1.52
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid and sensitive assay for pyridinium oximes in plasma and tissue was developed. The method was suitable for the analysis of mono- and di-pyridinium oximes and utilizes ultrafiltration followed by cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The assay was originally developed for the ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/31.2.69
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzodiazepines are common drugs that cause intoxication. Benzodiazepines and their metabolites can be converted by hydrolysis in acid to the corresponding benzophenones, which are easier to be separated from matrices because of their hydrophobic properties. In this study, a new separation technique called solid-phase...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/23.1.54
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Doxepin is a tricyclic antidepressant that is widely prescribed for the treatment of mild depression. In this study, hair samples collected from a patient receiving 25 mg of doxepin daily were analyzed. Doxepin was administered to the patient for 4 months (June 15 to October 15, 1996). Five hair samples were collected...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/22.6.531
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a recent and significant increase in the use and availability of hemp seed oil products. These products are being marketed as a healthy source of essential omega fatty acids when taken orally. Although the health aspects of these oils is open to debate, the probability that oils derived from the hemp se...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/24.7.562
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method for the simultaneous analysis of cocaine (COC), derivatized benzoylecgonine (BE), and derivatized ecgonine methyl ester (EME) has been developed. Blood or urine containing deuterated analogs of the three analytes is extracted by pouring over a Chem-Elut column and eluting with chloroform/isopropanol (9:1). Th...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/12.5.242
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analytical procedure for the determination of the new pain medication tapentadol and its main metabolite N-desmethyltapentadol (DMT), in urine and oral fluid has been developed and validated using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectral detection (LC-MS-MS). Oral fluid was collected using Quantisal™ devices...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/34.8.458
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes a possible suicide by overdosage with diltiazem. The decreased, a 39-year-old male who had been under treatment for an unidentified heart condition, was discovered on the bathroom floor in his residence. Comprehensive drug screens performed on available postmortem specimens revealed the presence ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/18.3.180
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple and sensitive method for determination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) by gas chromatography (GC) with surface ionization detection (SID) is presented. Whole blood or urine, containing DMT and gramine (internal standard), was subjected to solid-phase extraction with a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge before analysis by ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/21.1.36
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to develop, optimize, and validate an analytical procedure to determine a group of eight amphetamines, amphetamine (AMP), ephedrine (EP), methcathinone (MTC), paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA), methamphetamine (MA), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and methyle...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/28.2.77
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fraction of any surface-adsorbed contaminant available for absorption is considered the bioaccessible fraction. Applied previously to contaminants such as pesticides and heavy metals on surfaces such as soil, food and cosmetics, the term may also be used to describe the fraction of drug residue bound to work surfa...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bky073
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caffeine is the most widely consumed drug in the world with coffee representing a major source of intake. Despite widespread availability, various medical conditions necessitate caffeine-restricted diets. Patients on certain prescription medications are advised to discontinue caffeine intake. Such admonition has impli...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/30.8.611
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00