A single amino acid difference in the host APOBEC3G protein controls the primate species specificity of HIV type 1 virion infectivity factor.

abstract：:In this article, we address the problem of modeling generic features of structurally but not textually related DNA motifs, that is, motifs whose consensus sequences are entirely different but nevertheless share "metasequence features" reflecting similarities in the DNA-binding domains of their associated protein recog...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xing EP,Karp RM

更新日期：2004-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexual arousal is a dynamical, highly coordinated neurophysiological process that is often induced by visual stimuli. Numerous studies have proposed that the cognitive processing stage of responding to sexual stimuli is the first stage, in which sex differences occur, and the divergence between men and women has been ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mitricheva E,Kimura R,Logothetis NK,Noori HR

更新日期：2019-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The different isoforms of PDGF bind with different affinities to two different receptor types. Previously, these receptors have been demonstrated mainly on mesenchymal and glial cells. We show here that PDGF beta-type receptors are present also on rat brain neurons in vivo as well as in vitro. Immunohistochemical anal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smits A,Kato M,Westermark B,Nistér M,Heldin CH,Funa K

更新日期：1991-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Through a process called "bioturbation," burrowing macrofauna have altered the seafloor habitat and modified global carbon cycling since the Cambrian. However, the impact of macrofauna on the community structure of microorganisms is poorly understood. Here, we show that microbial communities across bioturbated, but ge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Deng L,Bölsterli D,Kristensen E,Meile C,Su CC,Bernasconi SM,Seidenkrantz MS,Glombitza C,Lagostina L,Han X,Jørgensen BB,Røy H,Lever MA

更新日期：2020-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-dimensional Raman-terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is presented as a multidimensional spectroscopy directly in the far-IR regime. The method is used to explore the dynamics of the collective intermolecular modes of liquid water at ambient temperatures that emerge from the hydrogen-bond networks water forming. Two-dime...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Savolainen J,Ahmed S,Hamm P

更新日期：2013-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The migration of lymphocytes into inflammatory tissue requires the migrating cell to overcome mechanical forces produced by blood flow. A generally accepted hypothesis is that these forces are overcome by a multistep sequence of adhesive interactions between lymphocytes and endothelial cells. This hypothesis has been ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Secomb TW,Konerding MA,West CA,Su M,Young AJ,Mentzer SJ

更新日期：2003-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Gap junctions are specialized membrane regions that seem to mediate intercellular communication. They appear to contain closely packed arrays of equally sized particles all of which, upon freeze-cleaving, remain attached to one membrane leaflet and not to the other. One gap junction cleavage face, therefore, always ex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Staehelin LA

更新日期：1972-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding molecular mechanisms in the context of living cells requires the development of new methods of in vivo biochemical analysis to complement established in vitro biochemistry. A critically important molecular mechanism is genetic recombination, required for the beneficial reassortment of genetic information...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cockram CA,Filatenkova M,Danos V,El Karoui M,Leach DR

更新日期：2015-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The insect gut microbiota plays crucial roles in modulating the interactions between the host and intestinal pathogens. Unlike viruses, bacteria, and parasites, which need to be ingested to cause disease, entomopathogenic fungi infect insects through the cuticle and proliferate in the hemolymph. However, interactions ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wei G,Lai Y,Wang G,Chen H,Li F,Wang S

更新日期：2017-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribavirin is a nucleotide analog that can be incorporated by viral polymerases, causing mutations by allowing base mismatches. It is currently used therapeutically as an antiviral drug during hepatitis C virus infections. During the amplification of poliovirus genomic RNA or hepatitis C replicons, error frequency is k...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pfeiffer JK,Kirkegaard K

更新日期：2003-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemoresistance of cisplatin therapy is related to extensive repair of cisplatin-modified DNA in the nucleus by the nucleotide excision repair (NER). Delivering cisplatin to the mitochondria to attack mitochondrial genome lacking NER machinery can lead to a rationally designed therapy for metastatic, chemoresistant ca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marrache S,Pathak RK,Dhar S

更新日期：2014-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Splenic lymphocytes from a Lewis rat, immunized with purified estradiol-receptor complex of calf uterine nuclei, were fused with cells of three different mouse myeloma lines (P3-X63-Ag8, P3-NSI/I-Ag4-1, and Sp2/0-Ag14) to yield hybridoma cultures, 9% of which produced antibodies to the receptor protein (estrophilin). ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Greene GL,Fitch FW,Jensen EV

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 320-base-pair repeated sequence was observed when DNA samples from the filarial parasites Brugia malayi and Brugia pahangi were digested with the restriction endonuclease Hha I. A 640-base-pair dimer of the repeated sequence from B. malayi was inserted into the plasmid pBR322. When dot hybridization was used, the co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McReynolds LA,DeSimone SM,Williams SA

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of x-rays on the rate of semiconservative DNA replication was investigated by autoradiography in single cells obtained from normal individuals and from patients having ataxia-telangiectasia (AT). In the five AT cell strains studied, the rate of DNA synthesis was inhibited to a lesser extent that in two norm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jaspers NG,Bootsma D

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human CMV UL37x1-encoded protein, also known as the viral mitochondria-localized inhibitor of apoptosis, traffics to the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria of infected cells. It induces the fragmentation of mitochondria and blocks apoptosis. We demonstrate that UL37x1 protein mobilizes Ca(2+) from the endoplas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sharon-Friling R,Goodhouse J,Colberg-Poley AM,Shenk T

更新日期：2006-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:By harnessing the oxidative power of microorganisms, energy can be recovered from reservoirs of less-concentrated organic matter, such as marine sediment, wastewater, and waste biomass. Left unmanaged, these reservoirs can become eutrophic dead zones and sites of greenhouse gas generation. Here, we introduce a unique ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xie X,Ye M,Hsu PC,Liu N,Criddle CS,Cui Y

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After treatment with nitrite, Japanese soy sauce was strongly mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA100 without S9 mixture. Two precursors of the mutagen were isolated from Japanese soy sauce, and these were identified as (-)-(1S,3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid [(-)-(1S,3S)-MTCA] and i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wakabayashi K,Ochiai M,Saitô H,Tsuda M,Suwa Y,Nagao M,Sugimura T

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 is down-regulated in sporadic breast and ovarian cancer cases. Therefore, the identification of genes involved in the regulation of BRCA1 expression might lead to new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of these tumors. In the present study...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beger C,Pierce LN,Kruger M,Marcusson EG,Robbins JM,Welcsh P,Welch PJ,Welte K,King MC,Barber JR,Wong-Staal F

更新日期：2001-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:A mathematical model is presented that describes the effects of hormone concentration on receptor saturation and biological response in systems dependent upon the generation of a secondary mediator such as cyclic AMP. The analysis makes the following assumptions: (i) the binding of hormone to its receptor is a reversi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Strickland S,Loeb JN

更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hybridoma technology was used for preparation of murine monoclonal antibodies of high titer against bone-Gla protein and osteonectin. A procedure of immunization and hybridization similar to that already described [Katzmann, J.A., Nesheim, M.E., Hibbard, L.S. & Mann, K.G. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 162-166;...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stenner DD,Romberg RW,Tracy RP,Katzmann JA,Riggs BL,Mann KG

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey was performed to estimate the frequency of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 or O157:nonmotile (EHEC O157) in feces and on hides within groups of fed cattle from single sources (lots) presented for slaughter at meat processing plants in the Midwestern United States, as well as frequency of carcass co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Elder RO,Keen JE,Siragusa GR,Barkocy-Gallagher GA,Koohmaraie M,Laegreid WW

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbonic anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes present in mammals with 16 isoforms that differ in terms of catalytic activity as well as cellular and tissue distribution. CAs catalyze the conversion of CO2 to bicarbonate and protons and are involved in various physiological processes, including learning and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmidt SD,Costa A,Rani B,Godfried Nachtigall E,Passani MB,Carta F,Nocentini A,de Carvalho Myskiw J,Furini CRG,Supuran CT,Izquierdo I,Blandina P,Provensi G

更新日期：2020-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of P2X2 receptor channels by extracellular ATP is thought to play important roles in cochlear adaptation to elevated sound levels and protection from overstimulation. Each subunit of a trimeric P2X2 receptor is composed of intracellular N and C termini, a large extracellular domain containing the ATP bindin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： George B,Swartz KJ,Li M

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Society places value on the multiple functions of ecosystems from soil fertility to erosion control to wildlife-carrying capacity, and these functions are potentially threatened by ongoing biodiversity losses. Recent empirically based models using individual species' traits suggest that higher species richness is requ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zavaleta ES,Pasari JR,Hulvey KB,Tilman GD

更新日期：2010-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the function of silicon (Si) in plant physiology has long been debated, its beneficial effects on plant resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses, including insect herbivory, have been well documented. In addition, the jasmonate (JA) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in mediating antiherbivore defen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ye M,Song Y,Long J,Wang R,Baerson SR,Pan Z,Zhu-Salzman K,Xie J,Cai K,Luo S,Zeng R

更新日期：2013-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of information-processing adaptations in the brain is controversial, in part because of disputes about the form such adaptations might take. Many psychologists assume that adaptations come in two kinds, specialized and general-purpose. Specialized mechanisms are typically thought of as innate, domain-specifi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barrett HC

更新日期：2012-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Polymorphism may play an important role in speciation because new species could originate from the distinctive morphs observed in polymorphic populations. However, much remains to be understood about the process by which morphs found new species. To detail the steps of this mode of speciation, we studied the geographi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Corl A,Davis AR,Kuchta SR,Sinervo B

更新日期：2010-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Vertebrae are derived from the sclerotomal moities of the somites. Sclerotomal cells migrate ventrally to surround the notochord, where they form the vertebral body, and dorsolaterally to form the neural arch, which is dorsally closed by the spinous process. Precursor cells of the spinous process as well as superficia...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Monsoro-Burq AH,Bontoux M,Teillet MA,Le Douarin NM

更新日期：1994-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was made of the effects of di- and trivalent cations on homomeric rho 1-type gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA rho 1) receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes after injection of mRNA coding for the GABA rho 1 subunit. GABA elicited large currents with a Kd approximately 1 microM. The properties of these GABA rho 1 recep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Calvo DJ,Vazquez AE,Miledi R

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A stable complex between pentaammineruthenium(III) and histidine-33 in horse heart ferricytochrome c is formed in the reaction between aquopentaammineruthenium(II) and the protein at pH 7. HPLC of the tryptic hydrolysate of the modified protein was employed to identify the pentaammineruthenium binding site. Spectrosco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yocom KM,Shelton JB,Shelton JR,Schroeder WA,Worosila G,Isied SS,Bordignon E,Gray HB

更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00