Abstract:
:In epidemiological, cross-sectional studies, treatment with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) prevented to a large extent the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the results of randomized, placebo-controlled studies, focused on statin therapy in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), are at variance. Nonetheless, data from epidemiological, longitudinal studies in humans as well as studies on transgenic mouse models and cultured neuronal cell lines indicate that cholesterol may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Statins have proven therapeutic and preventive effects in IHD and other vascular diseases in man. They generally are well tolerated, but some adverse effects, probably due to antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties of the statins, are matters of concern. AD patients may be extrasusceptible to adverse effects of statins due to preexisting aberrations in signal transduction and energy metabolism in the neurons and a perturbed cholesterol metabolism in the brain. This problem might be addressed in randomized, double-blind studies with statins in AD. The statins differ from each other in several aspects, and they are not considered to be therapeutically interchangeable. It could be fruitful to use both a placebo and two different types of statins, i.e. an essentially hydrophilic statin and a lipophilic statin, in a double-blinded fashion, and to compare the effects on the cognitive decline in AD.
journal_name
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disordjournal_title
Dementia and geriatric cognitive disordersauthors
Algotsson A,Winblad Bdoi
10.1159/000076342keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
109-16issue
3eissn
1420-8008issn
1421-9824pii
76342journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:The diagnosis of delirium is not supported by specific biomarkers. In a previous study, high neopterin levels were found in patients with a postoperative delirium. In the present study, we investigated levels of neopterin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in acutely ill admi...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000366410
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metrifonate, through its pharmacologically active metabolite 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethylphosphate (DDVP), is a long-acting cholinesterase inhibitor for the symptomatic treatment of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. Clinical studies with Alzheimer patients have demonstrated the favourable safety and tolerability pro...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000051194
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous groups have confirmed that apolipoprotein E allelic variation accounts for a proportion of the genetic risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there is a paucity of data on the impact of this locus on the overall risk of dementia (as opposed to AD) in the elderly. Most studies have ascertained ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000017046
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Since detection of the prion protein gene (PRNP) more than 30 mutations have been discovered. Some have only been found in single case reports without known intrafamilial accumulation or neuropathological proof so that the causal connection between mutation and disease could not be proved. Those patient...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000345991
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) patients show prefrontal cortex dysfunction and atrophy. METHODS:We investigated whether executive function in conjunction with prefrontal cortex atrophy discriminates bvFTD and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients efficiently at presentation. RESULTS:AD and ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000321670
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationships between cognitive impairment and apathy in patients with early Huntington's disease (HD) and to further explore the influence of depression on the outcome of cognitive changes associated with apathy. METHODS:We included 36 early HD patients, among them 20 were apathetic (HDA)...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000091523
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antioxidants prevent oxidative stress that possibly causes neuronal loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We examined whether high plasma levels of the antioxidant vitamins A and E were associated with lower prevalence of AD or cognitive decline (CD). We performed a cross-sectional study within the Rotterdam Study. In an ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000082884
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the decline in specific neuropsychological functions in nondemented Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with a history of visual hallucinations (VH). METHODS:Twenty PD patients with VH, 20 PD patients without VH and 18 normal controls were followed up over a 1-year period and assessed for cognitive...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000100850
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several biomarkers have been proposed to discriminate sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) from other dementias and control cases. However, their clinical accuracy depends on the PRNP codon 129 genotype, leaving it unclear how well established markers behave in untested conditions. METHODS:We analyzed ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000454802
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Predominant and progressive complex visual disorders are often due to posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), a rare early-onset dementing syndrome presenting with visual complaints. In clinicopathological studies, PCA is most commonly considered a form of Alzheimer's disease (AD); no prior study has evaluated cli...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000058331
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most studies examining episodic memory in Alzheimer disease (AD) have focused on patients' impaired ability to remember information. This approach provides only a partial picture of memory deficits since other factors involved are not considered. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the recognition memory performance by u...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000452255
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Among the different quantitative electroencephalographic markers, theta activity is known to reflect neural resources involved in memory processes and directed attention. Previous studies suggested that synchronization likelihood analysis in theta-band frequency might be a sensitive method to identify early ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000094974
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Our aim was to evaluate and compare the diagnostic properties of 5 screening tests for the diagnosis of mild Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS:We conducted a prospective and cross-sectional study of 92 patients with mild AD and of 68 healthy controls from our Department of Neurology. The diagnostic properties...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000469658
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may affect the risk of cognitive decline in older adults. METHODS:Cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 720 (50.4% women) participants aged 68-92 years (mean age: 77.6, SD ±6.2) of the population-based KORA-Age study. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoi...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000448805
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The assessment of executive function (EF) and activities of daily living (ADL) are important elements in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS:Following a comprehensive search in three databases, a random-effects meta-analysis was used to investigate the association between ADL ability and seventeen...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1159/000338233
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Current findings suggest the existence of a category of fast cognitive decliners with a poorer prognosis but better treatment response. Our study aimed at confirming the concept of fast decliners at the time of Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis which best predicts mortality, in an unselected sample. M...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000102017
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have implicated interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuro-inflammatory processes surrounding the amyloid plaques contribute to the progression of AD-related neurodegeneration. IL-6 is a multifunctional inflammatory cytokine which possibly acts as a mediator in the local...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000076352
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The objective of this study was to investigate the relation between impaired fine motor skills in Parkinson disease (PD) patients and their cognitive status, and to determine whether fine motor skills are more impaired in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) than in non-MCI patients. METHODS:Twenty PD...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000448751
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about the differences in patients' behavioral problems and health outcomes of family caregivers of patients with vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS:A secondary analysis of baseline data on a subsample of caregiver-dementia patient dyads in a randomized clinical tri...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000360414
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:With an increasing life expectancy, the number of people suffering from dementia globally will rise to about 115.4 million by 2050. It is projected that in the 21st century, the majority of the world's older people will be living in Asia. This paper examines the global issues of family caregiving for ol...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1159/000322086
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) concentration is elevated in elderly patients with mental illness, and patients with vascular disease have higher plasma tHcy concentrations than patients without vascular disease. Increasing evidence indicates that vascular risk factors play a role in the development of cogn...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000319535
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We investigated the relationship between sleep disturbance and cognitive decline or clinical conversion in individuals with normal cognition (CN), as well as those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia due to Alzheimer disease (AD-dementia). METHODS:Secondary analysis of 1,629 adults between 48 ...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000488671
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE) is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, attributable risk due to APOE4 varies by region and by race/ethnicity. METHODS:A literature review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the prevalence of APOE4 by geographic area among AD patients. RESULT...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1159/000321984
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study undiagnosed diseases in older people with and without dementia. DESIGN:Cross-sectional population-based study in Lieto, southwestern Finland. PARTICIPANTS:All the inhabitants aged 64 and more in Lieto. Participation rate was 82% (n = 1,260). MEASUREMENTS:Dementia and its subtypes were diagnosed ac...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000080126
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart rate variability is used to assess cardiovascular autonomic function. The cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil potentially affects parasympathetic activity. Twenty participants with Alzheimer's disease or dementia with Lewy bodies were treated with donepezil in a pilot study. Power spectral analysis was used to an...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000068781
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIM:To estimate the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment in Aragon (Spain), analyzing differences according to age, gender and health area. METHODS:Retrospective study on AD treatment prevalence of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine during 2005, using pharmaco-epidemiological data from pres...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000253845
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:This study aimed to investigate the possible association of regional cerebral perfusion and sleep loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS:55 AD patients were characterized as having (SL) or not having (NSL) nocturnal sleep loss based on standard AD scales assessing sleep over the previous 4 weeks. (9...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000203889
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is growing evidence for a role of apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent findings suggest an increased susceptibility of lymphocytes to apoptosis in AD. To prove the hypothesis of systemic alterations in the apoptotic balance in AD, serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of soluble CD95, which is known to m...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000048650
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To describe central nervous system (CNS) drug consumption patterns depending on the time to diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and to check whether the cases diagnosed later are associated with greater severity and consuming more CNS drugs. METHODS:Cross-sectional study using 952 cases of the Registry of Deme...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000337340
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lacunar stroke (L) is the most common stroke subtype associated with vascular dementia (VaD-L). OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cognitive and behavioral course in patients with probable VaD-L. METHODS:We longitudinally measured rates of change on MMSE, digit span, logical memory, Controlled Oral Word Association...
journal_title:Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000070678
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00