Abstract：
:Driving while intoxicated (DWI) legislation requires proving the critical breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) at the time of driving. With time delayed analysis, retrograde extrapolation is occasionally employed but has several uncertainties associated with it. The present study attempts to address whether subjects actually arrested for DWI are likely to have BrAC values near the time of driving differing largely from those performed at a subsequent time. Selected officers arrested n = 161 subjects where roadside BrAC was determined with Pre-Arrest Breath Test (PBT) devices along with subsequent duplicate evidential analyses followed by an additional PBT analysis. These two sets of duplicates, one with large time interval (mean = 63.5 min.) and one with a 2-3 min difference, were then compared by several statistical methods. The results showing duplicate variability did not differ when the long time interval existed (F = 1.0, P > 0.05). A small but significant decrease in BrAC with respect to time appeared for the duplicate PBT data. Retrograde extrapolation applied to the data employing an assumed 0.015 g/210 l/h yielded a small but significant overestimate of the actual roadside PBT result. Finally, evidentiary analyses performed within 2 h of driving will provide good estimates and certainly not overestimates, of the BrAC existing at the time of driving and it appears that extrapolation may be unwarranted in these cases.
journal_name
Forensic Sci Intjournal_title
Forensic science internationalauthors
Gullberg RG,McElroy AJdoi
10.1016/0379-0738(92)90013-mkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-12-01 00:00:00pages
193-201issue
2eissn
0379-0738issn
1872-6283pii
0379-0738(92)90013-Mjournal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The prosecution of those socially irresponsible individuals who drive when they have had too much to drink - in that their breath, blood or urine alcohol level exceeds the prescribed legal limit - has been standard practice since October 1967. The forensic analysis of whichever type of specimen is taken from the suspe...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.09.030
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The typing of the D1S8 (MS32) locus using the minisatellite variant repeat (MVR) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was performed by visualising amplified DNA stained with ethidium bromide. The results from rapid detection MVR-PCR were compared with those from the original MVR-PCR using Southern blot hybridisation...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(94)90321-2
更新日期：1994-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Research has been conducted to establish the effect that changes in relative humidity have on both the effectiveness of the cyanoacrylate fuming technique and the microstructures formed by the polymerisation reaction during the development of the marks. The study investigated 'natural' fingermarks and deliberately gro...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.06.003
更新日期：2011-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The application of europium luminescence to the visualisation of cyanoacrylate developed fingerprints is reported. Extremely fluorescent europium chelates are produced by the reaction of Eu3+ ions with aryl-beta-diketones. Excitation of the organic ligand occurs at 350 nm for europium tris(thenoyltrifluoroacetone) (TE...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(93)90094-q
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A genetic locus D1S80 containing a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) has been used extensively in forensic analysis and paternity testing. In the current research, the D1S80 locus was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology and the alleles detected using a high sensitivity infrared (IR) fluor...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(97)00043-1
更新日期：1997-05-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The DNA identification of decomposed human remains for coronial investigations at the Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine routinely requires the retrieval and processing of a bone sample obtained from the deceased. Bone is a difficult sample type to work with as it requires surgical removal from the deceased, ref...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.10.025
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cannabis cultivation in order to produce drugs is forbidden in Switzerland. Thus, law enforcement authorities regularly ask forensic laboratories to determinate cannabis plant's chemotype from seized material in order to ascertain that the plantation is legal or not. As required by the EU official analysis protocol th...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.03.034
更新日期：2010-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Eleven laboratories interested in the analysis of human hair for drugs of abuse participated in a study to determine how well drugs could be detected and quantified in hair. For the two exercises completed to date, substances to be determined were limited to cocaine, benzoylecgonine, and morphine. Samples sent to the ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(93)90283-g
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allele frequencies for 15 STR loci found in PowerPlex 16 System kit were determined in a sample of 200 unrelated individuals living in Sichuan area in west China. The values of observed heterozygosity (Ho), power of discrimination (PD), probability of paternity exclusion (PE) and polymorphism information content (PIC)...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.05.039
更新日期：2007-09-13 00:00:00
abstract：:A postmortem root band (PMRB) is a distinct microscopic feature that is postulated to occur in hair remaining in the follicle during the postmortem interval [1] (Petraco et al., 1998). The scientific validity of this premise has been highlighted in two recent high-profile criminal cases involving PMRBs [2,3] (State of...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.07.009
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An ingestion of an unknown quantity of U 46 D-Fluid (500 g dichlorophenoxyacetic acid/l) in a suicide is described. Although 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 D) is widely used as a herbicide, intoxications are relatively rare. Quantitation of 2,4-D was performed by diethyl ether extraction from acidified samples (v...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(94)90295-x
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forensic genetic genealogy, a technique leveraging new DNA capabilities and public genetic databases to identify suspects, raises specific considerations in a law enforcement context. Use of this technique requires consideration of its scientific and technical limitations, including the composition of current online d...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110543
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the most consistently used methods of postmortem interval estimation (PMIE) is by means of body temperature measurements. Several variations of this method exist, from simple 'rules of the thumb' to quite complex equations requiring a knowledge of body mass and height. All of these methods employ a certain degr...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(85)90163-x
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Almost 6 million people died in Poland during the Nazi occupation and about 570 thousand during the Soviet occupation. But the end of the war was not the end of the trauma. Historians estimate that at least 30 thousand people were killed during the Stalinist regime in Poland. In 2012 the Institute of National Remembra...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.06.038
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was made on an experimental animal model of a death from anaphylaxis, in which postmortem changes in levels of histamine and 1-methylhistamine, in whole blood were measured. Instead of the usual immunological method administering compound 48/80, a degranulating agent of mast cell and the effect close...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(90)90233-o
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A previously identified difficulty with the development of latent fingerprints on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) by vacuum metal deposition (VMD) is that excess gold deposition prevents effective zinc deposition and so inhibits latent print development [1]. The investigation of a means to correct for excess gold depo...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(01)00507-2
更新日期：2001-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Measurement of breath alcohol concentration is strongly influenced by timing and the breathing pattern. In particular, shallow expiration and hyperventilation leads to underestimation of the breath alcohol concentration. In the present study, expirograms of alcohol, water and carbon dioxide were recorded in 30 healthy...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.06.016
更新日期：2011-03-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Toluene is the most common volatile used for sniffing among adolescents. During 1983-1987, 114 drivers were arrested in Norway with blood toluene concentrations (BTCs) greater than 10 microM. Only four of these drivers were women. The age range was 15-34 years, and the mean age was 21. The mean BTC was 109 microM. The...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(90)90170-4
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Characterization and assessment of inks on sensitive documents for absolute/relative age determination is the challenging forensic problem in spite of practical difficulties. Tagging of ballpoint pen ink with suitable taggant(s) is a unique method to come out with definitive inferences on the detection of forgery in d...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.05.037
更新日期：2006-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:There has recently been an increase in the research and implementation of advanced measurement techniques to ballistic toolmark identification. This has led to a shift from greyscale imaging to the acquisition of dense areal datasets. With the addition of mathematical correlation algorithms, these advanced techniques ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.02.054
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) is a spectroscopic technique that provides the researcher with the elemental composition of a given target material. In this paper, we illustrate the utility of PIXE analysis in two forensic contexts: (1) case of cremation in which the nature of the remains is questioned and (2) ca...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(01)00614-4
更新日期：2002-01-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this research is to assess the vulnerabilities of a high resolution fingerprint sensor when confronted with fake fingerprints. The study has not been focused on the decision outcome of the biometric device, but essentially on the scores obtained following the comparison between a query (genuine or fake)...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.05.002
更新日期：2011-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:As part of a transcultural investigation of violent behaviour in Argentina and Denmark an analysis was made of the incidents involving deliberate violence as registered in the emergency wards of Hospital Fernandez and Hospital Pinero in Capital Federal Buenos Aires over a period of 13 and 17 months, respectively. In t...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(89)90208-9
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 48 methamphetamine hydrochloride samples from eight seizures were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Major impurities detected include 1,2-dimethyl-3-phenylaziridine, ephedrine/pseudoephedrine, 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenylna...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.09.012
更新日期：2008-11-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The bodies of socially isolated people may remain undiscovered in their own houses for prolonged periods. Occasionally the body is in situ for sufficient time to become skeletonised, or partially so. Medico-legal investigation of these cases is complicated by degradation and contamination of evidence. Thus, a multidis...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.02.016
更新日期：2005-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The population of Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles (133,000) shows a very high prevalence of end-stage renal disease (approximately 1 per 1,000). These patients are often treated chronically with haemodialysis. As the drinking water on the island is prepared by distillation of sea water, the haemodialysis fluid used to b...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00159-7
更新日期：2002-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium oxybate (Xyrem®), the sodium salt of γ- hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), is a first-line treatment of the symptoms induced by type 1 narcolepsy (NT1) and it is highly effective in improving sleep architecture, decreasing excessive daytime sleepiness and the frequency of cataplexy attacks. Using an ultra-high-performa...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.01.015
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In literature, cases of nutmeg abuse have been described repeatedly, but only one fatal case of poisoning was reported [1]. In the present case, myristicin (4 microg/ml) was detected for the first time in the postmortal serum of a 55-year-old woman. Identification was achieved with the aid of UV-VIS spectroscopy and T...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00369-8
更新日期：2001-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The results of qualitative and quantitative analysis of some amphetamines and their analogs isolated from urine samples by solid phase micro-extraction with polydimethylsiloxane fibers are reported. The analytical method employed was gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry of head space samples. ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(96)02028-2
更新日期：1996-12-27 00:00:00
abstract：:We developed a q-PCR technique that simultaneously evaluates the extent of degradation and determines the gender of a human DNA donor. QYDEG HRM is a triplex real-time PCR whose products are analysed by high-resolution melting (HRM). The system produces three amplicons: (1) transducin (beta)-like 1, Y-linked (TBL1Y) (...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.11.013
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
