Abstract:
:The population of Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles (133,000) shows a very high prevalence of end-stage renal disease (approximately 1 per 1,000). These patients are often treated chronically with haemodialysis. As the drinking water on the island is prepared by distillation of sea water, the haemodialysis fluid used to be prepared with tap water without further treatment. In 1996, the 27 patients of one of the dialysis centers on the island presented with nausea, vomiting, and hypercalcaemia in a short time span, which was initially diagnosed as 'hard water syndrome'. In spite of treatment with low-calcium dialysate, microcytic anaemia and neurological symptoms developed. Ten patients died of convulsions, sepsis, and coma. As aluminum (Al) intoxication was suspected, Al in serum (AlS) was measured. Ante mortem AlS was 808 microg/l (n = 7; range 359-1189); in the survivors AlS was 255 microg/l (n = 17; range 113-490). Normal AlS is < 10 microg/l, and <50 microg/l in asymptomatic dialyzed patients. The court requested post-mortem toxicological analysis of four patients. Al concentrations in liver, bone, and cerebral cortex were significantly increased as compared with background levels. Al intoxication was, therefore, considered to be the most likely cause of death in these patients. Investigations of the tap water supply revealed that a few weeks before the onset of the symptoms, a water conduit pipe to the dialysis unit had been replaced, which was lined with Al- and Ca-rich cement mortar. These ions leached into the distilled water and caused both Ca- and Al-intoxication through uptake from the dialysate into the patients' circulation. The symptoms of the latter were initially not recognized as they were masked by the symptoms of hypercalcaemia.
journal_name
Forensic Sci Intjournal_title
Forensic science internationalauthors
de Wolff FA,Berend K,van der Voet GBdoi
10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00159-7keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-08-14 00:00:00pages
41-3issue
1-2eissn
0379-0738issn
1872-6283pii
S0379073802001597journal_volume
128pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The effect of population subdivision on the determination of kinship of any two persons is investigated in this paper. Expressions of the joint genotype probabilities and likelihood ratios on kinship testing are reported. Two real cases are analysed using the Hong Kong Chinese population data and the Spanish data. Var...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(03)00168-3
更新日期:2003-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents real world acceleration data for an ambulance driving up and over a curb. A full scale reenactment was performed for a litigated case in which a patient on a gurney in an ambulance claimed a variety of bodily injuries after the ambulance struck a curb. A height and weight matched surrogate rode on ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.01.023
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study focused on the frequency of pathological acid gastroesophageal reflux (AGER) on 50 children considered to be at risk for sudden infant death syndrome: that is to say, 30 near misses and 20 subsequent siblings. Four parameters were studied in a 24-h pH metry: (1) The percentage of time spent at pH less than ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0379-0738(88)90152-1
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::While it has a long history, the last 30 years have brought considerable advances to the discipline of forensic anthropology worldwide. Every so often it is essential that these advances are noticed and trends assessed. It is also important to identify those research areas that are needed for the forthcoming years. Th...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00433-3
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report highlights the importance of an individual chemical's odor impact in the olfactory identification of marijuana, cocaine, and heroin. There are small amounts of highly odorous compounds present in headspace of these drugs, with very low odor detection thresholds, that are more likely responsible for contrib...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.08.027
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the field, the muscid flies Muscina stabulans (Fallén) and Muscina prolapsa (Harris) only colonised buried baits in June, July and August. The two-species co-occurred on baits buried at 5cm but only M. prolapsa colonised baits buried at 10cm. Other species of insect were seldom recovered from buried baits regardles...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.06.013
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medicolegal malpractice assessments have been an important part of the work of forensic pathologists. Not only botchers are concerned but also physicians of all clinical subjects, especially malpractice charges claiming a malpractice leading to death. Single long articles and book chapters have been published about ma...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.04.063
更新日期:2004-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Systematic autopsy was performed in 807 medicolegal deaths where the police had not requested autopsy. In all cases both the cause of death and the mode of death had been reported at the medicolegal external examination. The autopsy revealed differences in the mode of death in about 4% of all cases. This was due in pa...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0379-0738(80)90190-5
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catecholamine (CA) levels in rat adrenals increase significantly over the first day post-mortem, but then decrease. This suggests that adrenal CA synthesis is active after death and stress the possibility that tissue levels of CAs may increase post-mortem. This has to be considered when evaluating post-mortem tissue C...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00451-6
更新日期:2003-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the dynamic induction/expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) using human brains made available through death by traumatic brain injury (TBI). Astrocytes, microglia, and neutrophils were identified in tissue using immunohistochemical staining with antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(01)00537-0
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Venlafaxine is a phenethylamine antidepressant which inhibits both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and is structurally unrelated to the serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Its major metabolite, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV), also inhibits serotonin reuptake. Although metabolized by the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) s...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(01)00455-8
更新日期:2001-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Single metal deposition (SMD II) is a fingermark detection technique based on the use of colloidal gold. The technique has been simplified and optimised over the years to become more reliable, sensitive and user-friendly. Physical developer (PD) is a well-established detection method based on silver deposition from a ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.10.032
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decomposing human remains alter the environment through deposition of various compounds comprised of a variety of chemical constituents. Human remains detection (HRD) dogs are trained to indicate the odor of human remains. Residual odor from previously decomposing human remains may remain in the soil and on surfaces l...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.01.025
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study is to appraise the increase of the discrimination power of the Y-specific haplotype allowed by 20 STR markers in a sample of the Italian population. The set of Y STR markers analyzed includes the European "extended haplotype" DYS19, DYS385, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393 and YC...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.09.041
更新日期:2004-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::A minisatellite probe, MZ 1.3, detecting hypervariable fragment patterns was isolated from a human genomic library. A repetitive sequence of 27 bp length was identified which is contained in the probe approx. 40 times. The MZ 1.3 repeat shows variable homology of 53-73% to the repetitive sequence of the protein III ge...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0379-0738(90)90252-t
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A decline in 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) use in Adelaide, Australia from 2009 to 2010 was confirmed by us previously. Reports suggested that the shortage in MDMA supply was associated with an increased prevalence of other synthetic stimulants, but quantitative measurements were unavailable. To obtain...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.06.007
更新日期:2013-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Carbofuran is a broad spectrum carbamate insecticide which inhibits cholinesterase. In the recent past several carbofuran related homicide and suicide cases were reported in Sri Lanka. The concentration of carbofuran found in blood, bile and/or tissues in eight fatal cases were presented in this paper. Liquid-liquid e...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.10.039
更新日期:2013-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Allele frequencies for nine short tandem repeats (STRs) loci (CSF1PO, TPOX, THO1, F13AO1, FES/FPS, vWA, D16S539, D7S820 and D13S317) and two variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) were obtained from a sample of 270 unrelated individuals born in the Rosario city, Santa Fe province of Argentina. ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2003.12.013
更新日期:2004-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::In the presence of alcohol, phosphatidylcholine (PC) is transformed to the direct alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth). This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme phospholipase D (PLD) and dependent on substrate availability. As recent methods have solely focused on the determination of PEth, information about t...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.12.030
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reference database of highly informative Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) haplotypes (YHRD), available online at http://ystr.charite.de, represents the largest collection of male-specific genetic profiles currently available for European populations. By September 2000, YHRD contained 4688 9-locus (so-called...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00478-3
更新日期:2001-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Allele frequencies, forensic parameters for the 11 STR loci (TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, VWA, FESFPS, F13A01, F13B and LPL) were determined in a sample of 140-1262 unrelated adults from the Upper Silesia region (Poland). Comparison of allele frequencies for examined STR loci between the Upper Silesia...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.01.011
更新日期:2007-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::A simple and rapid method for analysis of free and conjugated cresols in biological fluids was developed. Prior to and following freeing of the conjugated cresols by acid hydrolysis in a sealed ampoule, free cresols were extracted by Extrelut column extraction, determined by gas chromatography, and confirmed by gas ch...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0379-0738(90)90282-4
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diffusion and trends in use of each substance is a basic information in policy planning of strategies aiming at deterrence of drug abuse or in the organization of the fight against drug trafficking. The actual diffusion of illicit drugs in a population is hardly measurable, but, among the various measures availabl...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.04.018
更新日期:2009-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::The Bavarian State Bureau of Investigation in Munich has the exclusive responsibility for investigation of criminal acts. One considerable expertise is that of hair analysis. According to the legal system in Germany, there is a special interest when some clients' hair tested positive for illicit drugs. An accused with...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00161-9
更新日期:2000-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Haplotypes and allele frequencies for 12 Y-STR loci were determined in Sichuan Han ethnic population samples of 237 unrelated males living in west China. Only one haplotype was encountered in triple. Twelve of the haplotypes were encountered in duplicate, while 210 haplotypes were unique. The gene diversity was 0.9952...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.06.006
更新日期:2008-03-05 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The intoxicated person may cause harm to others, often requiring expert evaluation for the determination of guilt. The primary aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms of mistakes that led 17 doctors accused of working under the influence of alcohol to face malpractice. We also wanted to clarify w...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.01.019
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tooth wear is frequently used as a method of ageing skeletal remains. Fundamental to this method is the ability to measure the amount of tooth wear. The Brothwell chart based on the Miles method of ageing, uses simple ordinal scoring and is frequently used by archeologists. The purpose of the present investigation was...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0379-0738(90)90110-k
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Objective Chloroprene, 2-chloro-1,3 butadiene, is a volatile synthetic liquid. The chloroprene monomer is extremely reactive and is used for the production of latexes and synthetic rubber such as Neoprene. Up to now an acute lethal human exposure has been described only once in the literature [19]. The intox...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.03.029
更新日期:2012-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Synthetic cathinones constitute a major class of the new psychoactive substances (NPS) that have come to dominate recreational drug abuse in recent years. As synthetic cathinones are all chiral molecules, the use of chiral analysis to determine their enantiomeric ratios (ER) in seized drug samples can assist in the id...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110528
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of ruptured septic myocardial infarct with death from cardiac tamponade in an intravenous drug addict with left-sided infective endocarditis and septic coronary artery embolism is described. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous report of such a case in the literature. Although uncommon, infective ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0379-0738(95)01779-i
更新日期:1995-08-28 00:00:00