WHO's health risk assessment of ELF fields.

Abstract:

:The World Health Organization (WHO), the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), WHO's scientific collaborating centres (including the UK's National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB)) and over 50 participating Member States are participants of WHO's International EMF Project. As part of WHO's health risk assessment process for extremely low frequency fields (ELF), this workshop was convened by NRPB to assist WHO in evaluating the potential health impacts of electrical currents and fields induced by ELF in molecules, cells, tissues and organs of the body. This paper describes the process by which WHO will conduct its health risk assessment. WHO is also trying to provide information on why exposure to ELF magnetic fields seems to be associated with an increased incidence of childhood leukaemia. Are there mechanisms that could lead to this health outcome or does the epidemiological evidence incorporate biases or other factors that need to be further explored?

journal_name

Radiat Prot Dosimetry

authors

Repacholi MH

doi

10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006363

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2003-01-01 00:00:00

pages

297-9

issue

4

eissn

0144-8420

issn

1742-3406

journal_volume

106

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Development of a nanotechnology based low-LET multi-microbeam array single cell irradiation system.

    abstract::A novel single cell irradiation system using carbon nanotube (CNT) based field emission technology is proposed. The system can produce electron microbeam at a large range of pulsation frequencies and dose rates with energy between 20 and 60 keV. Different from any existing single beam microbeam device, the CNT-based s...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl508

    authors: Chang S,Zhang J,Bordelon D,Schreiber E,Cox A,Zhou O

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • Head calibration phantoms for actinides: measurements and simulations.

    abstract::The paper deals with the physical skull phantoms Bundesinstitut fuer Strahlenschutz and BPAM-001, which are used in order to calibrate in vivo detection systems for estimation of (241)Am activity in the skeleton. Their voxel models were made and used in the Monte Carlo simulations. The results of the simulation were c...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq491

    authors: Vrba T

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • DETERMINATION OF ACTIVITY PROFILE OF 137CS IN CONCRETE CORE SAMPLES.

    abstract::Decommissioning of nuclear building structures usually leads to large amounts of low-level radioactive waste. Using a reliable method to determine the contamination depth, it is indispensable prior to the start of decontamination works and for minimising the radioactive waste volume and the total workload. This paper ...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncz223

    authors: Dolniak J,Lištjak M,Slaninka A,Nečas V

    更新日期:2019-12-31 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of radionuclide concentrations and associated radiological hazard indexes in building materials used in Egypt.

    abstract::Radionuclide concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K in different types of building materials used in Egypt were measured using gamma-ray spectroscopy. The results showed relatively moderate radionuclide concentrations for all samples except granite, which showed extremely high concentrations of 78.75 ± 2.36, 2.82 ± 0....

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/nct129

    authors: Hassan NM,Mansour NA,Fayez-Hassan M

    更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00

  • Anatomical data and development of geometric models for the knee region bones.

    abstract::Analytical geometric models for the bones of the knee region have been developed. A survey was done on real pieces to obtain the dimensions of the geometric sections used in each model. The dependence of the section dimensions on the bone length and the estimated dimensions of the bones for a 1.70 m tall person are pr...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm445

    authors: Venturini L,Sordi GM,Fernandes F

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • The TRADE experiment: shielding calculations for the building hosting the subcritical system.

    abstract::The TRADE project (TRiga Accelerator Driven Experiment), to be performed at the existing TRIGA reactor at ENEA Casaccia, has been proposed as a validation of the accelerator-driven system (ADS) concept. TRADE will be the first experiment in which the three main components of an ADS--the accelerator, spallation target ...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/nci219

    authors: Burn KW,Carta M,Casalini L,Kadi Y,Monti S,Nava E,Palomba M,Petrovich C,Picardi L,Rubbia C,Troiani F

    更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00

  • A survey of patient dose and clinical factors in a full-field digital mammography system.

    abstract::In this work, we analyse the dose to 5034 patients (20 137 images) who underwent mammographic examinations with a full-field digital mammography (FFDM) system over a 2-y period. The information relevant to this study has been extracted from the image Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) headers. Entr...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/nch514

    authors: Morán P,Chevalier M,Ten JI,Fernández Soto JM,Vañó E

    更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mechanistic modelling of genetic and epigenetic events in radiation carcinogenesis.

    abstract::Methodological problems arise on the way of radiation carcinogenesis modelling with the incorporation of radiobiological and cancer biology mechanistic data. The results of biophysical modelling of different endpoints [DNA DSB induction, repair, chromosome aberrations (CA) and cell proliferation] are presented and app...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl463

    authors: Andreev SG,Eidelman YA,Salnikov IV,Khvostunov IK

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • Japanese adult male voxel phantom constructed on the basis of CT images.

    abstract::A Japanese adult male voxel (volume pixel) phantom (hereinafter referred to as the JM phantom) was constructed on the basis of CT images of a healthy Japanese adult male volunteer. Body characteristics of the JM phantom were compared with those of a voxelised MIRD5 type phantom and a Japanese adult male voxel phantom ...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl101

    authors: Sato K,Noguchi H,Emoto Y,Koga S,Saito K

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • SIMULATION OF OSL AND TLD DOSEMETER RESPONSE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW EXTREMITY DOSEMETERS.

    abstract::The individual monitoring service at the Helmholtz Zentrum München is currently developing a new eye lens dosemeter to be integrated in radiation protection glasses and a new ring dosemeter using a new BeOSL detector element for extremity dosimetry developed by Dosimetrics. In the design process for the new eye lens d...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncy299

    authors: Hoedlmoser H,Brönner J,Bandalo V,Wahl F,Greiter MB

    更新日期:2019-12-23 00:00:00

  • Patient dose in neonatal units.

    abstract::Lung disease represents one of the most life-threatening conditions in prematurely born children. In the evaluation of the neonatal chest, the primary and most important diagnostic study is therefore the chest radiograph. Since prematurely born children are very sensitive to radiation, those radiographs may lead to a ...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn237

    authors: Smans K,Struelens L,Smet M,Bosmans H,Vanhavere F

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • COMPARISON METHODOLOGIES FOR CALIBRATION OF Hp(10) PERSONAL DOSEMETERS USING ISO 4037 AND ISO 29661 STANDARDS.

    abstract::The calibration of electronic personal dosemeters at the Portuguese ionizing radiation metrology laboratory uses the standard IEC 61526 for calibration methodology. This standard describes the irradiation geometry for testing and indicates that the standard ISO 4037-1, 2, 3 and 4 should be used. The ISO 4037 establish...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncw126

    authors: Cardoso J,Santos L,Carvalhal G,Oliveira C

    更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of occupational exposure to naturally occurring radioactive materials in the Iranian ceramics industry.

    abstract::Zircon contains small amounts of uranium, thorium and radium in its crystalline structure. The ceramic industry is one of the major consumers of zirconium compounds that are used as an ingredient at ∼10-20 % by weight in glaze. In this study, seven different ceramic factories have been investigated regarding the prese...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq441

    authors: Fathabadi N,Farahani MV,Amani S,Moradi M,Haddadi B

    更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00

  • Active neutron dosemeters based on microdosimetric principles: research studies.

    abstract::Over the past few years, the Institute for Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) has been studying a personal electronic neutron dosemeter and an ambient electronic neutron dosemeter based on experimental microdosimetric principles using low pressure proportional counters. The results obtained in 2000 and in ...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006808

    authors: Ménard S,Chau Q,Lahaye T

    更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • ITERATIVE SCATTER CORRECTION FOR GRID-LESS BEDSIDE CHEST RADIOGRAPHY: PERFORMANCE FOR A CHEST PHANTOM.

    abstract::The aim of this work was to experimentally compare the contrast improvement factors (CIFs) of a newly developed software-based scatter correction to the CIFs achieved by an antiscatter grid. To this end, three aluminium discs were placed in the lung, the retrocardial and the abdominal areas of a thorax phantom, and di...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncv432

    authors: Mentrup D,Jockel S,Menser B,Neitzel U

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Physical image quality comparison of four types of digital detector for chest radiology.

    abstract::Image quality for similar exposure conditions has been compared for two computed radiography (CR) systems (needle-based and conventional storage phosphor) and two flat-panel (DR) systems from different manufacturers mainly devoted to chest radiology. Image quality was assessed with a contrast-detail object and acrylic...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn026

    authors: Fernandez JM,Ordiales JM,Guibelalde E,Prieto C,Vano E

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • High-Dose TL Dosimetry of Reactor Neutrons.

    abstract::Radiation dose was measured with set of TL dosimeters during checkout of neutron radiation hardness of the ORTEC preamplifier type 142A in the experiment at the MARIA nuclear reactor at the National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Otwock-Świerk, Poland. Different types of LiF-based TL detectors have been used for ...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncx244

    authors: Obryk B,Malik K,Bilski P,Igielski A,Dankowski J,Kurowski A,Prokopowicz R,Pytel K

    更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00

  • Effective dose assessment for workers in caves in the Czech Republic: experiments with passive radon detectors.

    abstract::The new RAMARN system for radon volume activity measurement was developed in 2003 and has been in use since then. RAMARN system consists of a plastic chamber that is conically cylindrical in shape and about 0.5 l in volume; a bare Kodak LR 115 is located on the bottom of this diffusion chamber. The size was chosen to ...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn118

    authors: Thinová L,Burian I

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Methods and materials for the measurement of subjective and objective measurements of image quality.

    abstract::The evaluation of medical imaging systems may be performed using both subjective (e.g. high contrast limiting resolution, and low contrast detail detectability), and objective/physical (e.g. characteristic curve, signal-to-noise ratio, modulation transfer function, and Wiener spectra) indices of image quality. For the...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006476

    authors: Marsh DM,Malone JF

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES IN AGRICULTURAL PLANTS FROM NORTHERN THAILAND.

    abstract::Thailand is predominantly an agricultural country. The Northern Region occupies the second largest cultivated land area in the country. To establish baseline data for future environmental monitoring, seventy-nine plant samples including vegetables, fruits and tobaccos and their relevant soils were collected from the m...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncz081

    authors: Kritsananuwat R,Kranrod C,Chanyotha S,Ploykrathok T,Sriploy P

    更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00

  • Indoor radon and thoron levels in Neendakara and Chavara regions of southern coastal Kerala, India.

    abstract::Some areas of the world, called high background radiation areas (HBRAs), have anomalously high levels of natural background radiation and the population residing in the areas is exposed to higher levels of radiation doses than other parts of the world where the natural radioactivity contents are normal. In the present...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncr399

    authors: Pereira CE,Vaidyan VK,Chougaonkar MP,Mayya YS,Sahoo BK,Jojo PJ

    更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00

  • Recent results of irradiations of DIS-1 dosemeters with an XR200 X-ray flash unit.

    abstract::Earlier measurements have revealed that active electronic dosemeters have deficiencies in pulsed fields of ionising radiation due to the counting technique used. The DIS-1 dosemeter uses a promising technology, which should be basically suitable for measurements in pulsed fields. In this paper, first measurements with...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncs265

    authors: Zutz H,Hupe O

    更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00

  • Internal dose assessment in radiation accidents.

    abstract::Although numerous models have been developed for occupational and medical internal dosimetry, they may not be applicable to an accident situation. Published dose coefficients relate effective dose to intake, but if acute deterministic effects are possible, effective dose is not a useful parameter. Consequently, dose r...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006250

    authors: Toohey RE

    更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00

  • A fast response and gamma-insensitive neutron detector based on parallel-plate avalanche counter.

    abstract::The use of the parallel-plate avalanche counter for slow-neutron counting is described. The choice of a suitable neutron converter is discussed on the basis of Monte Carlo simulation, and some experimental results are shown. Excellent gamma-insensitivity, high rate capability, possibility of construction in large sens...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm462

    authors: Nakhostin M,Baba M,Itoga T,Oishi T,Unno Y,Kamada S,Okuji T

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Determinants of exposure to electromagnetic fields from mobile phones.

    abstract::In actual conditions of use, the power radiated from cellular phones changes during conversation depending on several factors. Upon request from the radio base station (RBS), the phone in fact, reduces, its power to a level that is deemed optimum for the quality of conversation. In this study, special phones, which ha...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/nch062

    authors: Ardoino L,Barbieri E,Vecchia P

    更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00

  • Feminist theoretical perspectives on ethics in radiology.

    abstract::The substantive safety of radiological and other medical procedures can be radically reduced by unconscious factors governing scientific thought. In addition, the historical exclusion of women from these disciplines has possibly skewed their development in directions that now need to be addressed. This paper focuses o...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncp055

    authors: Condren M

    更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00

  • Simultaneous Measurements of Nanoaerosols and Radioactive Aerosols Containing the Short-lived Radon Isotopes.

    abstract::The activity size distribution of the Equilibrium-Equivalent Concentration (EER) of 222Rn is one of the most important parameters for the estimation of radiation dose by inhalation of radon decay products. A series of measurements of the EER activity size distribution were performed by the screen diffusion battery in ...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncx157

    authors: Otahal PPS,Burian I,Ondracek J,Zdimal V,Holub RF

    更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00

  • Internal dosimetry verification and validation database.

    abstract::Simulated-data internal dosimetry cases for use in intercomparison exercises or as a software verification and validation tool have been published on the internet (www.lanl.gov/bayesian/software Bayesian software package II). A user may validate their internal dosimetry code or method using this simulated bioassay dat...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm470

    authors: Miller G,Bertelli L,Little T,Guilmette RA

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Radiation effects in cultured tumour cells examined by 1H MRS: mobile lipids modulation and proliferative arrest.

    abstract::Much attention has been devoted in the past to monitor changes of mobile lipid (ML) (1)H MRS signals in spectra of tumour cells. The purpose of this work is to exploit ML signals to provide information on cell metabolism after irradiation, comparing tumour cells characterised by different radiosensitivity and relating...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl517

    authors: Grande S,Giovannini C,Luciani AM,Palma A,Rosi A,Sapora O,Viti V,Guidoni L

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • A micro-gap, air-filled ionisation chamber as a detector for criticality accident dosimetry.

    abstract::A micro-gap air-filled ionisation chamber was designed for criticality dosimetry. The special feature of the chamber is its very small gap between electrodes of only 0.3 mm. This prevents ion recombination at high dose rates and minimises the influence of gas on secondary particles spectrum. The electrodes are made of...

    journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/rpd/nct323

    authors: Murawski Ł,Zielczyński M,Golnik N,Gryziński MA

    更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00