Abstract:
:The aim of this work was to experimentally compare the contrast improvement factors (CIFs) of a newly developed software-based scatter correction to the CIFs achieved by an antiscatter grid. To this end, three aluminium discs were placed in the lung, the retrocardial and the abdominal areas of a thorax phantom, and digital radiographs of the phantom were acquired both with and without a stationary grid. The contrast generated by the discs was measured in both images, and the CIFs achieved by grid usage were determined for each disc. Additionally, the non-grid images were processed with a scatter correction software. The contrasts generated by the discs were determined in the scatter-corrected images, and the corresponding CIFs were calculated. The CIFs obtained with the grid and with the software were in good agreement. In conclusion, the experiment demonstrates quantitatively that software-based scatter correction allows restoring the image contrast of a non-grid image in a manner comparable with an antiscatter grid.
journal_name
Radiat Prot Dosimetryjournal_title
Radiation protection dosimetryauthors
Mentrup D,Jockel S,Menser B,Neitzel Udoi
10.1093/rpd/ncv432subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-06-01 00:00:00pages
308-12issue
1-4eissn
0144-8420issn
1742-3406pii
ncv432journal_volume
169pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The purpose of this study was to establish a dose estimation tool with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. A 5-y-old paediatric anthropomorphic phantom was computed tomography (CT) scanned to create a voxelised phantom and used as an input for the abdominal cone-beam CT in a BEAMnrc/EGSnrc MC system. An X-ray tube model of ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncp257
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation protection in medicine is becoming more and more important with increasing wider use of X-rays, documentation of effects besides the potential for long-term carcinogenic effects. With computed tomography (CT) likely to become sub-mSv in coming years, positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncv071
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The first commercial spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plant at Rokkasho in Japan discharged 129I from actual spent nuclear fuel into the atmosphere during its test operation from 2006 to 2008. Previously, we measured monthly atmospheric concentrations of gaseous and particulate 129I and atmospheric deposition rates of ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncz061
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radiation exposure due to 222Rn and its progeny inhalation for clients and employees of selected thermal water spas was assessed. The radon risk was calculated using the measured 222Rn activity concentrations in the investigated thermal waters and radon transfer coefficient, defined as a fraction of radon released...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncw359
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An underground station for the measurement of low-level radioactivity is in operation in Northern Italy in the town of Como under the Baradello hill. The rock cover is -300 m water equivalent. This paper reports about the preliminary measurements carried out to characterise the site of the Baradello hill and the insta...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci163
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Owing to the introduction of new diagnostic procedures, such as computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), the individual dose caused by medical exposures has grown rapidly in the last years. This is especially a subject to radiation protection ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq104
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been reported recently that the A-bomb gamma ray spectra received by the colon of the average Japanese survivor of Hiroshima and Nagasaki may be experimentally simulated using a hospital-based Philips SL15 linear accelerator. The simulated A-bomb gamma radiation may be used in radiobiology experiments to determ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch320
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The counting efficiency and detection limit of an in vivo thyroid 131I monitoring system using an imaging plate (IP) were estimated using an anthropomorphic thyroid neck phantom. The counting efficiency of the IP system was approximately constant for thyroid volumes between 11.7 and 20 ml and neck diameters between 10...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006025
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A common problem in internal dosimetry occurs in routine monitoring, when it is required to estimate an intake from a measurement made at the end of a monitoring interval, and the time of intake is unknown. ICRP suggests that it should be assumed that the intake occurred in the middle of the monitoring period. However...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm286
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aims to provide more insight in attenuation characteristics and corresponding lead (Pb) equivalences of a broad range of commercially available lead composite and nonlead protective garments. Thirty garments of five manufacturers (listed as 0.25-0.35-0.50 mm Pb equivalent) were tested. Transmission values w...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncw373
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radioactive contamination of the environment occurred in the early fifties as a result of the releases from the Mayak plutonium production complex (Southern Urals, Russia). The releases of liquid wastes into the Techa river resulted in chronic exposure of 30,000 residents of the riverside communities. Since 1951 90Sr ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a032381
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of biological dosimetry is to estimate the dose and the associated uncertainty to which an accident victim was exposed. This process requires the use of the maximum-likelihood method for fitting a calibration curve, a procedure that is not implemented in most statistical computer programs. Several laboratories...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm137
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study analyzes the exposure of the human torso to electromagnetic fields caused by wireless body-mounted or handheld devices. Because of the frequency and distance ranges from 30-5800 MHz and 10 to 200 mm, respectively, both near-field and far-field effects are considered. A generic body model and simulations of ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm377
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this discussion is to explore how theories from other disciplines can contribute to the debate on organisation and delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic exposures. The first part explores how theories of justice suggest that health services should be provided; the second part explores how stakeholder...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncp043
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prudence is a cornerstone of radiation protection philosophy. However, whilst the concept is clearly valid at the level of principle, it is nonetheless necessary to ask 'How should prudence be applied in the context of various practical situations.' This is perhaps particularly important where exposures are low-within...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncw310
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method using europium-doped BaFBr imaging plates (IPs) has been studied for mapping entrance skin doses during interventional radiology (IR); the mapping is useful for detecting overlap between irradiation fields and determining the most exposed skin areas. IPs, which are two-dimensional radiation sensors made of ph...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch468
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the uncertainties for nuclear track detectors used in radon measurements, a full understanding is required of the physical phenomena involved and the behaviour of the instruments utilised in the measuring process. As it concerns the LR115 nuclear track detector, an overall evaluation of uncertainty was giv...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch361
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the frame of the EU Coordination Action CONRAD (coordinated network for radiation dosimetry), WP4 was dedicated to work on computational dosimetry with an action entitled 'Uncertainty assessment in computational dosimetry: an intercomparison of approaches'. Participants attempted one or more of eight problems. This...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn221
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid proliferation of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanners in preclinical small animal studies has created a need for a method on scanner performance evaluation and scan parameter optimisation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of the scanner with a dedicated micro-CT phantom. ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq088
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::AVIDOS is a computer code used for the dose assessment of aircraft crew exposed to cosmic radiation. The code employs a multiparameter model built upon simulations of cosmic radiation exposure done using the FLUKA Monte Carlo code. AVIDOS calculates both ambient dose equivalent H*(10) and effective dose E for flight r...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncp126
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude of radiation exposure during paediatric CT in Sudanese hospitals. Doses were determined from CT acquisition parameters using CT-Expo 2.1 dosimetry software. Doses were evaluated for three patient ages (0-1, 1-5 and 5-10 y) and two common procedures (head and abdome...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncu321
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, radioactivity levels of 35 different samples of 11 commonly used building materials in Samsun were measured by using a gamma spectrometry system. The analysis carried out with the high purity Germanium gamma spectrometry system. Radioactivity concentrations of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K range from 6 to ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nct047
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Japanese voxel phantom in upright posture, JM2, has been developed on the basis of CT images of a healthy Japanese adult male. Body characteristics of JM2 were compared with those of the supine voxel phantom, JM, previously developed using CT images of the same person. Differences were found in the shapes of the spi...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm272
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Digital breast tomosynthesis is a new three-dimensional (3D) breast-imaging modality that produces images of cross-sectional planes parallel to the detector plane from a limited number of X-ray projections over a limited angular range. Several technical and clinical parameters have not yet been completely optimised. S...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq084
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results of performance tests verifying the dosimetric properties of dosimetric systems are published in various reports (e.g. IAEA and EURADOS). However, there is hardly any information in the open literature relating to the uncertainty in a dose measurement or in the annual dose, which is increased by failure of the ...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch287
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present work aims to assess the effective doses from long-term continual radon monitoring in six European caves (Slovenia, Slovakia and the Czech Republic), including influencing environmental factors. Caves are important radiation protection subjects because of elevated radon activity concentration (~kBq/m3), mos...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncaa159
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::In this work, the MCNP4B code has been employed to calculate conversion coefficients from air kerma to the ambient dose equivalent, H*(10)/Ka, for monoenergetic photon energies from 10 keV to 50 MeV, assuming the kerma approximation. Also estimated are the H*(10)/Ka for photon beams produced by linear accelerators, su...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nch351
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biokinetic and dosimetric model of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract applied in current documents of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) was developed in the mid-1960s. The model was based on features of a reference adult male and was first used by the ICRP in Publication 30, Limits for In...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl104
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation dose monitoring for radiography students during clinical training is necessary to demonstrate the extent of radiation protection issues present, as well as to instill in them an awareness of safe practices that they will carry with them throughout their careers. The study assess the radiation dose incurred b...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncx261
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A passively safe small reactor for a distributed energy system, PSRD, is an integral type of light-water reactor with a thermal output of 100 or 300 MW aimed to be used for supplying district heat, electricity to small grids, and so on. Candidate locations for the PSRD as a distributed energy source are on-ground, dee...
journal_title:Radiation protection dosimetry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/rpd/nci208
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00