Abstract:
:Rates of cerebral glucose utilization were measured by means of the autoradiographic 2-deoxy-D[1-14C]glucose technique in the rat brain in order to determine the metabolic effects of unilateral intranigral application of the GABAA agonist muscimol upon the substantia nigra and its targets. Intranigral injection of 1.5 microliters 0.3 M muscimol (52 micrograms total dose) induced local metabolic activation in the injected substantia nigra reticulata (by 87% as compared to the control group), and distal metabolic depressions in the nucleus accumbens, striatum, globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus only ipsilaterally to the injected nigra. The remaining basal ganglia components, including the substantia nigra compacta and the entopeduncular nucleus were bilaterally unaffected. Among the principal efferent projections of the substantia nigra reticulata, the ventromedial and centrolateral thalamic nuclei as well as the deep layers of the superior colliculi were metabolically depressed bilaterally, whereas the ventrolateral, parafascicular and mediodorsal thalamic nuclei as well as the pedunculopontine nucleus displayed metabolic depressions ipsilateral to the muscimol-injection nigra. The ventromedial and centrolateral thalamic nuclei were depressed by 41 and 42%, respectively, in the ipsilateral side, and by 30 and 26% in the contralateral side, when compared to the respective values of the control group of rats. Furthermore, unilateral intranigral injection of 0.3 M muscimol induced metabolic depressions in reticular, intralaminar and prefrontal thalamocortical areas mostly ipsilateral to the injected nigra, as well as in limbic areas bilaterally. It is suggested that the present findings are due to a postsynaptic effect of muscimol on the nigral GABAergic cells and to a consequent metabolic depression of the basal ganglia and associated thalamocortical areas, in contrast to an earlier suggested presynaptic nigral effect of lower doses of intranigrally injected muscimol which induced metabolic activations within the same network. This suggestion is further supported by the fact that intranigrally injected substrate P19 induced similar effects to those elicited by the lower doses of intranigral muscimol and opposite to those induced at present by the higher muscimol dose. Moreover, it is further substantiated that the nigrothalamic GABAergic system is responsible for considerable transfer of information from one substantia nigra reticulata to the ipsilateral basal ganglia and associated thalamocortical components as well as to bilateral motor, intralaminar and limbic areas.
journal_name
Neurosciencejournal_title
Neuroscienceauthors
Savaki HE,Raos VC,Dermon CRdoi
10.1016/0306-4522(92)90204-fkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-10-01 00:00:00pages
781-94issue
4eissn
0306-4522issn
1873-7544pii
0306-4522(92)90204-Fjournal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NEUROSCIENCE文献大全abstract::Arginine vasopressin and corticotropin-releasing factor are two neuroactive peptides that regulate hypothalamic-pituitary-axis and associated stress response. While the potential antidepressant and anxiolytic profiles of corticotropin-releasing factor 1 antagonists have been well studied, the concept of blockade of va...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.05.006
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To define mechanisms underlying neurovascular injury following brain embolism-induced neurodegeneration, we investigated temporal and spatial pathological changes in brain microvessels up to 12 weeks after microsphere embolism (ME) induction in aged male rats. Mild ME upregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNO...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.02.044
更新日期:2008-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Brain injury is associated with neuroinflammation, and microglia are key players in this process. Microglia can acquire pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory properties, but how this affects neural stem cells (NSCs) remains controversial. Here, NSCs were grown in conditioned media collected from either non-stimulated ...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.10.034
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor commands issued by the CNS are based upon memories of past experiences with similar objects, the current state of the hand and arm postures, and sensory input. Thus widespread somatosensory information is available to form precise representations of hand shape on which to base motor commands to match a desired p...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.02.047
更新日期:2015-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::In order to investigate the basic cellular mechanisms involved in neuronal interactions within the striatum, we prepared a primary striatal cell culture from rat fetal brain in chemically defined medium. Using morphological and whole-cell recording methods, we observed that an intensive neuritic elongation with a prog...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-4522(94)00453-c
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activity within the mesolimbic dopamine system is associated with the performance of naturally motivated behaviors, one of which is aggression. In male rats, aggressive behavior induces neurochemical changes within the nucleus accumbens, a key structure within the mesolimbic dopamine system. Corresponding studies have...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.09.064
更新日期:2012-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a heterogeneous group of retinal degenerative diseases in which the final pathological feature is photoreceptor cell apoptosis. Currently, the pathogenesis of RP remains poorly understood and therapeutics are ineffective. 17β-Oestradiol (βE2) is universally acknowledged as a neuroprotectiv...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.11.010
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Linear sweep voltammograms recorded with carbon paste electrodes in the striatum of the unanaesthetised, unrestrained rat show three separate peaks. The effect on peak 3 of either unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the substantia nigra or intraperitoneal administration of alpha-methyl-paratyrosine, supports our ea...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-4522(85)90140-x
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive deficits and psychotic symptoms are highly prevalent in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Imaging studies in humans have suggested that these comorbidities are associated with atrophy in temporal lobe structures and other limbic regions. It remains to be clarified whether TLE comorbidities are due ...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.008
更新日期:2016-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sixty-three cortically projecting basal forebrain neurons were identified in chloral hydrate anesthetized rats by antidromic activation from the cerebral cortex. Two subpopulations were noted: type I neurons exhibited two antidromic action potentials of constant latency and identical waveform in response to double pul...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-4522(87)90115-1
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 is a glucocorticoid metabolizing enzyme that catalyzes rapid inactivation of corticosterone and cortisol to inert 11-keto derivatives. As 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 is highly expressed in the developing brain, but not in the adult CNS, we hypothesized that it ...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.09.037
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efferent connections of the thalamic nucleus dorsointermedius posterior were studied in the pigeon. In pigeons, this thalamic nucleus receives both paleostriatal (basal ganglia) and cerebellar input and has been compared to nuclei of the mammalian thalamic ventral tier on this basis. The present results show that ...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-4522(82)90097-5
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) has been implicated in regulating synaptic plasticity mechanisms as well as memory consolidation processes. Attachment of polysialic acid to NCAM (PSA-NCAM) has been reported to down-regulate its adhesive forces, a process hypothesized to be implicated in synapse selection afte...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.10.024
更新日期:2007-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI; e.g., sports concussions) is common and results in significant cognitive impairment, white matter injury and increased risk of neurodegeneration. Targeted therapies for rmTBI are lacking, though evidence from other injury models indicates that targeting N-methyl-d-asparta...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.016
更新日期:2019-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane potential or ionic conductance of neurones of the mammalian central or peripheral nervous system maintained in vitro can be measured over periods of several hours. Drugs or transmitters which change potential or conductance can be applied repeatedly under equilibrium conditions, and pharmacological null metho...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0306-4522(86)90070-9
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification and characterization of excitatory and inhibitory neurons are significant steps in understanding neural network functions. In this study, we investigated the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of neurons in the prepositus hypoglossi nucleus (PHN), a brainstem structure that is involved in gaz...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.09.017
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide synthase is the biosynthetic enzyme for the free radical neurotransmitter nitric oxide. Using an affinity-purified antiserum, nitric oxide synthase was found to be localized to peripheral ocular nerve fibers, related cranial ganglia, and the retina of the rat. In the eye, nitric oxide synthase-like immuno...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-4522(93)90393-t
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research has implicated hippocampal rhythmical slow activity in the mechanisms of action of the anxiolytic drugs. In this study ethanol and a putative ethanol antagonist, Ro 15-4513, were investigated with reticular elicitation of rhythmical slow activity. Doses of ethanol between 0.6 and 3.1 g/kg were used. ...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-4522(90)90337-4
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although intrathecal administration of nociceptin, an endogenous ligand of the opioid receptor-like1 receptor, exhibits an antinociceptive effect in various pain models, cellular mechanisms underlying this action are still unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of nociceptin on excitatory and inhibitory synaptic t...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00459-6
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several genetic mutations affecting the development and function of mammalian hair cells have been shown to cause deafness but not vestibular defects, most likely because vestibular deficits are sometimes centrally compensated. The study of hair cell physiology is thus a powerful direct approach to ascertain the funct...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.04.038
更新日期:2016-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::Presenilin-1 (PS1) is the gene responsible for the development of early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease. To probe the functions of PS1 on neuronal resistance to oxidative stress, we pharmacologically examined the death signals in PS1-deficient neurons induced by oxidative stress. Because the death of primarily cult...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.01.016
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal differentiation is a critical developmental process that determines accurate synaptic connection and circuit wiring. A wide variety of naturally occurring compounds have been shown as promising drug leads for the generation and differentiation of neurons. Here we report that a diarylheptanoid from the plant A...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.019
更新日期:2015-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Visually evoked behaviors mediated by the frog optic tectum require cholinergic activity, but the receptor subtypes through which acetylcholine acts are not yet identified. Using quantitative autoradiography and scintillation spectrometry, we examined the binding of [3H]pirenzepine and [3H]AF-DX 384 in the laminated o...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(01)00048-3
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigation of the integrity of the ryanodine receptor in Alzheimer's disease is important because it plays a critical role in the regulation of calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum in brain, impairment of which is believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. The present study compare...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00042-1
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal models of diabetes do not reach the severity of human diabetic neuropathy but relatively mild neurophysiological deficits and minor morphometric changes. The lack of degenerative neuropathy in diabetic rodent models seems to be a consequence of the shorter length of the axons or the shorter animal life span. Di...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.05.015
更新日期:2014-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin peptide, acting through tyrosine kinase receptor pathways, contributes to nerve development or repair. In this work, we examined the direction, impact and repertoire of insulin signaling in vivo during peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. First, we demonstrated that insulin receptor is expressed on lumbar do...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.11.065
更新日期:2006-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::The startle reflex is evoked by strong acoustic or tactile stimuli, or by electrical stimulation of acoustic or tactile pathways. To dissociate the contributions of acoustic and tactile pathways, stimulating electrodes were placed in adjacent cochlear and trigeminal nuclei. The currents needed to evoke startle-like re...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(98)00708-8
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioural sensitization to the locomotor stimulating effects of (+)-amphetamine or quinpirole was induced in rats by intermittent drug administration. Following expression of sensitization, locomotor activity scores on day 9 were: vehicle 87 +/- 9, (+)-amphetamine 1441 +/- 227 and quinpirole 2078 +/- 214. Electrical...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0306-4522(96)00389-2
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic ethanol consumption increases oxidative stress, which accounts for the striking neurological changes seen in this condition. Notwithstanding, there is well-documented evidence that polyphenols, present in grape skin and seeds, exhibit a strong antioxidant activity. As red wine is rich in polyphenols, the aim o...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.03.040
更新日期:2007-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::Homer is a postsynaptic density (PSD) scaffold protein that is involved in synaptic plasticity, calcium signaling and neurological disorders. Here, we use pre-embedding immunogold electron microscopy to illustrate the differential localization of three Homer gene products (Homer 1, 2, and 3) in different regions of th...
journal_title:Neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.01.066
更新日期:2014-04-25 00:00:00