Abstract：
:The study examined whether the generation of the forward propulsive force (PF) during gait initiation resulted mainly from the electromyogram activity of stance ankle plantar flexor muscles (APF) which 'push' on the ground as is generally claimed in the literature. Six unilateral above-knee amputees performed a specific gait initiation protocol, i.e. they were asked to walk as fast as possible from an upright posture. Data from a force platform were collected and processed to obtain gait parameters (centre of mass (CoM) acceleration, anteroposterior (A/P) progression velocity, step length, etc.). The results showed that the A/P CoM velocity at the time of foot-off differed depending on the state of the lower limb (sound or prosthetic limb) performing the step. However, the A/P velocity of the CoM reached at the time of foot contact was similar whatever the state of the lower limb initiating the gait. Thus, the absence of ankle and knee muscles did not affect the velocity of body progression, i.e. the generation of the PF in gait initiation. Furthermore, the comparable slopes of the A/P velocity between the stance sound limb and the stance prosthetic limb suggest that the organization of the motor synergy underlying the production of the PF remained the same and did not directly involve the APF. However, other mechanisms could explain PF generation. PF could be generated by the swing leg oscillation, by the trunk movement, or by other mechanisms such as the energy transfer and the exchange of gravity potential energy into kinetic energy.
journal_name
Neurosci Lettjournal_title
Neuroscience lettersauthors
Michel V,Do MCdoi
10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00255-0keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-06-07 00:00:00pages
139-43issue
2eissn
0304-3940issn
1872-7972pii
S0304394002002550journal_volume
325pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The critical period for visual system development in rats normally peaks at postnatal three weeks and ends at postnatal five weeks. However, the change of short-term synaptic plasticity during this period has rarely been investigated. In the present study, we compared the short-term plasticity of visual cortical respo...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2005.12.054
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The IKK/NF-κB signalling pathway plays a predominant role in the regulation of inflammation and apoptosis in spinal cord injury (SCI). We have previously demonstrated that targeting of the IKK/NF-κB pathway improved the recovery of locomotor function by reducing the infiltration of inflammatory cells and apoptosis aft...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2013.03.004
更新日期：2013-05-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Febrile seizures (FSs) are the most common type of convulsions in childhood and complex FSs represent an increased risk for development of temporal lobe epilepsy. The aim of this study was to analyze the anticonvulsant effects of carnosine, an endogenous dipeptide composed of alanine and histidine, on hyperthermia ind...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2014.12.061
更新日期：2015-02-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The bidirectional transport of cargos along the thin axon is fundamental for the structure, function and survival of neurons. Defective axonal transport has been linked to the mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases. In this paper, we study the effect of the local axonal environment to cargo transport behavior in neur...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2015.10.066
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:P2X receptors (P2XRs) are a family of ATP-gated ionic channels that are expressed in numerous excitable and non-excitable cells. Despite the great advance on the structure and function of these receptors in the last decades, there is still lack of specific and potent antagonists for P2XRs subtypes, especially for the ...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2018.10.047
更新日期：2019-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is a major reactive oxygen species that has been implicated in various neurodegenerative diseases. Quercetin, one of the plant flavonoids, has been reported to harbor various physiological properties including antioxidant activity. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2011.09.028
更新日期：2011-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Bath-applied N-methyl-D,L-aspartate (NMA) was found to elicit locomotor electromyogram (EMG) activity in ankle flexor and extensor muscles in an in vitro lumbar cord-hindlimb preparation of the newborn rat. The frequency and burst duration of the NMA-induced rhythmic EMG activity varied in a dose-dependent manner. The...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0304-3940(87)90072-3
更新日期：1987-03-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate cortical activity related to differential control of the human phonatory system during a sentence production task. Our focus in this report was on activation of the temporo-parietal (TP) junctional region, suggested by recent models in speech product...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2010.08.017
更新日期：2010-10-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Triazolam can shift the phase of circadian rhythms in hamsters recorded in constant light or dark. This effect is apparently mediated by physical activity stimulated by the drug. We examined whether triazolam can shift the phase of circadian rhythms in a diurnal primate, the squirrel monkey, that is sedated by triazol...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0304-3940(91)90814-a
更新日期：1991-03-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Aβ-mediated oxidative stress damage is considered a direct cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, drugs that have been developed to block oxidative stress are considered effective for AD treatment. Isosilybin is a flavonoid compound extracted from Silybum marianum, and it has been confirmed to have many pharmac...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.043
更新日期：2016-10-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular recordings were made in slices of human neocortex removed for surgical treatment of epilepsy. In response to prolonged suprathreshold current injection, regular spiking neurons (67.5% of sample) responded by repetitive firing throughout the stimulus from all membrane potentials. Bursting neurons (32.5% o...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0304-3940(90)90860-c
更新日期：1990-03-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) we recorded prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation during positive, negative and neutral film clips, based on affective ratings according to their valence and arousal, to assess gender differences in cerebral activation in 15 male and 15 female volunteers. To record PFC ...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2006.04.050
更新日期：2006-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine whether axonal terminals emanating from the central nucleus of amygdala (Ce) to the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) contain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as their neurotransmitter, an electron microscopic study was performed employing the combined techniques of WGA-HRP anterograde tracing and post-embedding i...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2005.03.013
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of gender and gonadal hormones on nociceptive responses to intraplantar carrageenan in the rat were investigated. A plantar analgesic meter was used to measure carrageenan-induced changes in paw withdrawal latency (PWL) values, and von Frey monofilaments were used to assess changes in paw withdrawal thresh...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2003.09.081
更新日期：2004-01-16 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reviews the current state of the art in the design of retinal prostheses that hope to restore vision to the blind. The progress and the challenges faced by electronic implants are discussed. Additionally, the emerging technologies in the field are also reviewed. These include optogenetics and chemical inter...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2012.02.001
更新日期：2012-06-25 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the mRNA expression of the various complement components in cultured mouse microglia and astrocytes by the reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. C1q, C2, C3, and C4 mRNAs were detected in microglial cultures. C3 and C4 mRNAs were found in astrocyte cultures. Microglia showed enhanced exp...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0304-3940(96)13040-8
更新日期：1996-10-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently developed neuroanatomical staining methods utilizing transportable markers have made it possible to visualize individual, growing retinotectal axons in the chick embryo. In the present work, we used such methods to examine the behavior of mechanically deflected axons on the tectum. The deflection of axons was...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0304-3940(86)90613-0
更新日期：1986-12-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The localisation of transforming growth factor-beta-2 (TGF-beta 2) in skeletal muscles was investigated with immunohistochemistry. In neonates, TGF-beta 2 was distributed throughout the muscle fibres but as the fibres matured TGF-beta 2 became restricted to the circumference of a small subpopulation of nuclei. These n...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0304-3940(94)90889-3
更新日期：1994-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Hibernation in mammals is a whole-body phenotype that involves profound reductions in oxygen consumption, metabolic reactions, core body temperature, neural activity and heart rate. An important aspect of mammalian hibernation is the ability to reverse this state of hypothermic torpor by rewarming and subsequent arous...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2018.11.059
更新日期：2019-03-23 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Down syndrome (DS) is caused by either complete or partial triplication of chromosome 21, affecting approximately 1/1000 live births, and it is widely accepted that individuals with DS are more likely to develop dementia of Alzheimer's disease (DAD) compared with the general population. Many studies have inv...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2010.10.010
更新日期：2011-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating and fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting approximately 30,000 individuals in the United States. The average age of onset is 55 years and progression of the disease is rapid with most patients dying of respiratory failure within 3-5 years. Currently available th...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134621
更新日期：2020-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), a novel peptide purified from the porcine brain, on arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion was studied in conscious, unrestrained rats and was compared with that of atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP). I.c.v. administration of ...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0304-3940(88)90661-1
更新日期：1988-12-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Stereotaxic microinjection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) into the mouse olfactory bulb resulted in infection of neurons of the piriform cortex. Neurons infected with the wildtype HSV showed no evident phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK)/c-Jun. In contrast, neurons infected with a US3 gene-disrupte...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2003.08.033
更新日期：2003-11-20 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last decade, several genes have been linked to Parkinson's disease (PD), including GIGYF2, ATP13A2 and GBA. To explore whether mutations in these genes contribute to development of PD in the Brazilian population, we screened 110 patients with early-onset PD. No clearly pathogenic mutations were identified in AT...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2010.08.083
更新日期：2010-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of anxiety on perceptual-motor organisation of rhythmical forearm movements were examined using an interrupted time series design with staggered baselines. Participants were exposed to repeated baseline sessions interrupted with two anxiety-inducing sessions. Results showed that under moderate levels of anxiet...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neulet.2005.04.036
更新日期：2005-08-12 00:00:00
abstract：:In an attempt to examine a possible relationship between heat shock stress and an induction of amyloid precursor protein, cultured lymphoblastoid cells established from 12 human subjects were treated with heat shock at 42 degrees C for 30 min. The levels of mRNA for amyloid precursor protein (APP), heat shock protein ...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0304-3940(91)90019-p
更新日期：1991-04-29 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated the therapeutic effects of remacemide hydrochloride, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-associated ionophore blocker with sodium channel blocking activity, on cortical lesion volume and memory dysfunction following parasagittal fluid-percussion brain injury in the anesthetized rat. We found that intr...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0304-3940(97)00551-x
更新日期：1997-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on deactivation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced currents was studied in the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. We report that CPZ (at 30-1000 microM) strongly slowed down the deactivation process in a dose-dependent manne...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02245-5
更新日期：2001-11-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Change of immunoreactive P-selectin was examined in rat brain after transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion (O) with anti-P-selectin monoclonal antibody using brain samples of sham control and after ischemia. Temporal, spatial, and cellular changes of immunohistochemical expressions of P-selectin were evaluat...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0304-3940(97)00385-6
更新日期：1997-06-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) on DOPA formation and phosphorylation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) of rat pheochromocytoma PC12h cells were examined after the cells were cultured with MPP+. DOPA formed from endogenous tyrosine in PC12h cells after a 3-day culture with 100 microM MPP+ was decrease...
journal_title：Neuroscience letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0304-3940(88)90383-7
更新日期：1988-06-29 00:00:00
