Abstract:
:Sequencing of HIV-1(GER) long terminal repeat (LTR) has demonstrated, for the first time in an HIV-1 primary isolate, a TAR duplication referred to as TAR1 (nucleotides +1 through +68) and TAR2 (nucleotides +69 through +136). This TAR duplication is stable during replication of HIV-1(GER) isolate in CEM cells. Analysis of LTR-CAT reporter constructs demonstrated that under Tat transactivation the HIV-1(GER)/LTR (containing TAR1 and TAR2) was expressed at a higher level than a similar construct (HIV-1(GER)DeltaTAR) containing a single TAR sequence. Among the two transcription initiation sites found in the HIV-1(GER)/LTR, only the most 5' start site was shown to be functionally active. The predicted secondary structure of the 5'-end mRNAs of HIV-1(GER) suggests it may fold into a double TAR hairpin which resembles that of HIV-2. Finally, HIV-1(GER) Tat protein shows primary sequence similarity with Tat proteins from other isolates of HIV-1 and is apparently unrelated to HIV-2 Tat proteins. This work provides the first evidence of a TAR sequence duplication in HIV-1 which increases the efficiency of transactivation by Tat. Copyright 1996 S. Karger AG, Basel
journal_name
J Biomed Scijournal_title
Journal of biomedical scienceauthors
Emiliani S,Coudronnière N,Delsert C,Devaux Cdoi
10.1007/BF02253576keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-01-01 00:00:00pages
31-40issue
1eissn
1021-7770issn
1423-0127pii
jbs03031journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Our goal was to develop a system to study proteins that associate in vivo with the Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) enhancer elements by the isolation of intact proviral chromatin. The M-MuLV long terminal repeats (LTRs) contain tandemly repeated transcriptional enhancer sequences consisting of smaller motifs th...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of cells of the human monocyte/macrophage lineage to host HIV-1 replication while resisting cell death is believed to significantly contribute to their ability to serve as a reservoir for viral replication in the host. Although macrophages are generally resistant to apoptosis, interruption of anti-apoptoti...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11373-006-9144-0
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12929-015-0198-z
更新日期:2015-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorders after Alzheimer's disease. The main cause of the disease is the massive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation are thought to be the key contributors to the neuronal degen...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12929-015-0146-y
更新日期:2015-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of a single or repeated dermal administration of methyl parathion on motor function, learning and memory were investigated in adult female rats and correlated with blood cholinesterase activity. Exposure to a single dose of 50 mg/kg methyl parathion (75% of the dermal LD(50)) resulted in an 88% inhibition ...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02256609
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adenosine was shown to inhibit norepinephrine (NE) release from sympathetic nerve endings. The purpose of this study was to examine whether endogenous adenosine restrains NE and epinephrine release from the adrenal medulla. The effects of an adenosine receptor antagonist, 1,3-dipropyl-8-(p-sulfophenyl) xanthine (DPSPX...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines stably transfected with human insulin receptor cDNA, CHO-wt and CHO-mut, which express an equivalent number of normal and kinase-defective human insulin receptors, respectively, were used to assess the roles of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in insulin-regulated ge...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02258333
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stroke is one of the leading causes of neuronal death. Sesamin is known for neuroprotection by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but it lacks blood-brain barrier (BBB) activity. A panel of sesamin derivatives was screened and 3-bis (3-methoxybenzyl) butane-1,4-diol (BBD) was selected for high ...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1423-0127-21-15
更新日期:2014-02-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The association of TGF beta1 polymorphisms and atrial fibrillation (AF) in essential hypertensive (EH) subjects remains unknown. Methods EH subjects with AF (EH+AF+) and sinus rhythm (EH+AF-) were enrolled. The polymorphisms of +869 T --> C at codon 10 and + 915 G --> C at codon 25, were genotyped. The clini...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1423-0127-17-23
更新日期:2010-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Drosophila eye development is a progressive process including cell fate determination, pattern formation, and rhabdomere morphogenesis. During eye development, a dramatic change in cell shape, which involves turning and extension of the photoreceptor apical surface, occurs in the early pupal stages. It is known that a...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02254441
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported that transgenic ablation of gonadotrophs results in impaired development of cells immunostainable for prolactin (PRL) but not of cells immunostainable for growth hormone (GH) or pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) in pituitary of newborn mice. The question remained whether this reduction in PRL protein ...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000073968
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer has been the leading cause of death in Taiwan over the past two decades and liver cancer is the leading cause of all cancer deaths in Taiwan with a trend of increase in incidence. Therapeutic options and efficacy for liver cancer have been limited and the 5-year survival rate is less than 7% in the Unite States...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11373-006-9141-3
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::While virus-like particles (VLPs) containing subgenomic replicons, which can transduce replicons into target cells efficiently for studying viral replication and vectors of gene therapy and vaccine, have been established for several flaviviruses, none has been reported for the four serotypes of dengue virus, the causa...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11373-007-9204-0
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is recognized as the most potent microbial mediator presaging the threat of invasion of Gram-negative bacteria that implicated in the pathogenesis of sepsis and septic shock. This study was designed to examine the microRNA (miRNA) expression in whole blood from mice injected with int...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1423-0127-19-69
更新日期:2012-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Interferons (IFNs) are key regulators for both innate and adaptive immune responses. By screening ENU-mutagenized mice, we identified a pedigree- P117 which displayed impaired response to type I, but not type II, IFNs. Through inheritance test, genetic mapping and sequencing, we found a T to A point mutation in the 5'...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1423-0127-16-22
更新日期:2009-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Dextromethorphan (DM), an antitussive agent, has been claimed to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in vitro. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of DM on sepsis induced by intravenous (i.v.) administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in anesthetized Wistar rats and by intraperiton...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02254358
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sensing tissue acidosis is an important function of the somatosensory nervous system to response to noxious stimuli. MAIN BODY:In the pain clinic, acid or soreness sensation is a characteristic sensory phenotype of various acute and chronic pain syndromes, such as delayed onset muscle soreness, fibromyalgia...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12929-018-0486-5
更新日期:2018-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::5-methoxytryptophan (5-MTP) is an endothelial factor with anti-inflammatory properties. It is synthesized from L-tryptophan via two enzymatic steps: tryptophan hydroxylase-1 (TPH-1) and hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines suppress endothelial 5-MTP production by i...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12929-020-00671-w
更新日期:2020-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulative evidence has supported the role of nitric oxide (NO) in a variety of normal physiological functions as well as many pathological conditions. In this study, we examined the possible diabetogenicity of NO by measuring the expression of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 in rat hepatocytes and skeletal m...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11373-006-9073-y
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane-bound vesicles that serve a means of cell-cell communication. Studying EVs at a single-particle level is important because EVs are inherently heterogeneous. Novel micro- and nanotechnological tools have open opportunities for realizing single-EV measurements explo...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12929-019-0502-4
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be associated with various disorders. Among these, coronavirus infection may cause life-threatening severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). In this review, we present animal models and techniques for the study of ARDS, and discuss the roles and possible mechanisms of va...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000073523
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dual signal hypothesis of apoptosis holds that a common signal can activate both apoptotic and proliferative pathways. The fate of a cell is dependent on which of these two pathways predominates. In the MAPK family of kinases, ERK and JNK have been proposed to mediate apoptosis whereas the PI3K-stimulated kinase, ...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02255905
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Loss of ovarian function, as in menopause or after ovariectomy (OVX), is closely associated with obesity and white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation. Estrogen replacement protects against postmenopausal obesity but increases the risks of carcinogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the effects of lo...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12929-019-0556-3
更新日期:2019-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::The nuclear envelope (NE) consists of two membrane layers that segregate the nuclear from the cytoplasmic contents. Recent progress in our understanding of nuclear-lamina associated diseases has revealed intriguing connections between the envelope components and nuclear processes. Here, we review the functions of the ...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1423-0127-16-96
更新日期:2009-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-2 was developed as a useful vector for human gene therapy. In this report, we analyzed the integration and expression of AAV-mediated ex vivo transferred human beta-globin gene in bone marrow (BM) reconstituted mice. Recombinant AAV (rAAV) containing human beta-globin gene was packaged by ...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02256072
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) mediates transport of IgA and IgM antibodies across mucosal and glandular epithelia. Several studies have utilized immunohistochemistry to demonstrate that PIGR expression varies in different types of lung carcinoma, and is down-regulated during tumor progression. We have p...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11373-004-8185-5
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a neurotropic virus, enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) emerge and remerge in the Asia-Pacific region since the 1990s, and has continuously been a threat to global public health, especially in children. Annually, EV-A71 results in hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) and occasionally causes severe neurological disease. Here we...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12929-019-0574-1
更新日期:2019-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Prenatal alcohol exposure may cause cardiac development defects, however, the underlying mechanisms are not yet clear. In the present study we have investigated the roles of histone modification by curcumin on alcohol induced fetal cardiac abnormalities during the development. METHODS AND RESULTS:Q-PCR and ...
journal_title:Journal of biomedical science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12929-016-0310-z
更新日期:2017-01-05 00:00:00