Abstract:
:Phytoplankton size structure is acknowledged as a fundamental property determining energy flow through 'microbial' or 'herbivore' pathways. The balance between these two pathways determines the ability of the ecosystem to recycle carbon within the upper layer or to export it to the ocean interior. Small cells are usually characteristic of oligotrophic, stratified ocean waters, in which regenerated ammonium is the only available form of inorganic nitrogen and recycling dominates. Large cells seem to characterize phytoplankton in which inputs of nitrate enter the euphotic layer and exported production is higher. But the size structure of phytoplankton may depend more directly on hydrodynamical forces than on the source of available nitrogen. Here we present an empirical model that relates the magnitude of mesoscale vertical motion to the slope of the size-abundance spectrum of phytoplankton in a frontal ecosystem. Our model indicates that the relative proportion of large cells increases with the magnitude of the upward velocity. This suggests that mesoscale vertical motion-a ubiquitous feature of eddies and unstable fronts-controls directly the size structure of phytoplankton in the ocean.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Rodríguez J,Tintoré J,Allen JT,Blanco JM,Gomis D,Reul A,Ruiz J,Rodríguez V,Echevarría F,Jiménez-Gómez Fdoi
10.1038/35066560keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-03-15 00:00:00pages
360-3issue
6826eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
35066560journal_volume
410pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::An amino acid sequence analysis of the N-terminal immunoglobulin heavy and light chain variable regions (VH and VL) from 16 hybridoma proteins which bind phosphorylcholine as well as the complete sequence analysis of 9 of these VH regions is presented. There seem to be more VH regions participating in the phosphorylch...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/291029a0
更新日期:1981-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Naturally occurring peptides with biological actions have in most cases been detected by observing their biological activities in crude extracts and their isolation has been followed using bioassays. As a complement to the classical biological detection systems, we have proposed a chemical detection system based on fr...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/285417a0
更新日期:1980-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Jupiter's ring system has previously been described as being composed of a 'bright' narrow ring and an interior, vertically-extended halo. The one image which reveals this morphology most clearly is Voyager 2's parting shot of the Jupiter system, a wide-angle (WA) view of the ring ansa in forward-scattered light (FDS...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/316526a0
更新日期:1985-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::The regular occurrence of a peak due to an unidentified substance (X) in the gas chromatographic traces obtained from phenolic extracts of urine from human pregnant and non-pregnant females has been reported. The biphasic excretion of X with maxima in the luteal phase of the ovulatory cycle and relatively high levels ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/287738a0
更新日期:1980-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::That animals and humans can accomplish the same goal using different effectors and different goals using the same effectors attests to the remarkable flexibility of the central nervous system. This phenomenon has been termed 'motor equivalence', an example being the writing of a name with a pencil held between the toe...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/33922
更新日期:1998-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::How bacteria regulate cell cycle progression at a molecular level is a fundamental but poorly understood problem. In Caulobacter crescentus, two-component signal transduction proteins are crucial for cell cycle regulation, but the connectivity of regulators involved has remained elusive and key factors are unidentifie...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05321
更新日期:2006-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelial cells line the inner surface of blood vessels and act as the main barrier to the passage of cells and large molecules from the blood stream to the tissues. Recent interest in the part played by the endothelium in regulating vascular tone has focused on the synthesis and secretion of prostacyclin and an end...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/325811a0
更新日期:1987-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Contraction of cardiac muscle depends on a transient rise of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) which is initiated by the action potential. It has, however, also been suggested that [Ca2+]i can fluctuate in the absence of changes in membrane potential. The evidence for this is indirect and comes from observ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/304735a0
更新日期:1983-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::ELLIPTICAL galaxies acting as gravitational lenses occasionally produce spectacular images-Einstein rings-of distant objects. Giant arcs(1) and radio rings(2) have been observed. A wide variety of image morphologies is possible, the generation of which is qualitatively understood in terms of large magnifications at ca...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/344043a0
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The application of human embryonic stem (ES) cells in medicine and biology has an inherent reliance on understanding the starting cell population. Human ES cells differ from mouse ES cells and the specific embryonic origin of both cell types is unclear. Previous work suggested that mouse ES cells could only be obtaine...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05972
更新日期:2007-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease is the world's most common dementing illness. Deposition of amyloid-β peptide drives cerebral neuroinflammation by activating microglia. Indeed, amyloid-β activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia is fundamental for interleukin-1β maturation and subsequent inflammatory events. However, it r...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11729
更新日期:2013-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::Fluorine is the thirteenth most abundant element in the earth's crust, but fluoride concentrations in surface water are low and fluorinated metabolites are extremely rare. The fluoride ion is a potent nucleophile in its desolvated state, but is tightly hydrated in water and effectively inert. Low availability and a la...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature02280
更新日期:2004-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a result of complex gene-environment interactions, and several risk factors have been identified, including age, family history, diet, sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Statistical models that combine known risk factors for T2D can partly identify individuals at high risk of developing the dise...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature12198
更新日期:2013-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::A fundamental challenge to our understanding of biodiversity is to explain why some groups of species undergo adaptive radiations, diversifying extensively into many and varied species, whereas others do not. Both extrinsic environmental factors (for example, resource availability, climate) and intrinsic lineage-speci...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11144
更新日期:2012-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::Gut commensal microbes shape the mucosal immune system by regulating the differentiation and expansion of several types of T cell. Clostridia, a dominant class of commensal microbe, can induce colonic regulatory T (Treg) cells, which have a central role in the suppression of inflammatory and allergic responses. Howeve...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature12721
更新日期:2013-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Owing to their scientific and technological importance, inorganic single crystals with highly reactive surfaces have long been studied. Unfortunately, surfaces with high reactivity usually diminish rapidly during the crystal growth process as a result of the minimization of surface energy. A typical example is titaniu...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06964
更新日期:2008-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::In this Letter, a citation to 'Fig. 1e' has been corrected to 'Fig. 1d' in the sentence starting "By contrast, the anti-tumour response…". This has been corrected online. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1046-1
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence and outgrowth of a population of tumour cells resistant to multiple drugs is a major problem in the chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer. We have used highly drug-resistant cell lines developed in vitro to study the molecular basis of multidrug resistance. In these cell lines high levels of resistance ar...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/323728a0
更新日期:1986-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleus of mammalian cells displays a distinct spatial segregation of active euchromatic and inactive heterochromatic regions of the genome1,2. In conventional nuclei, microscopy shows that euchromatin is localized in the nuclear interior and heterochromatin at the nuclear periphery1,2. Genome-wide chromosome conf...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1275-3
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several viral and bacterial live recombinant vaccine vehicles are being developed to produce a new generation of vaccines against a broad spectrum of infectious diseases. The human tuberculosis vaccine Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has features that make it a particularly attractive live recombina...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/351479a0
更新日期:1991-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Protein G is a cell-surface protein from Streptococcus which binds to IgG molecules from a wide range of species with an affinity comparable to that of antigen. The high affinity of protein G for the Fab portion of IgG poses a particular challenge in molecular recognition, given the variability of heavy chain subclass...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/359752a0
更新日期:1992-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::Sex chromosomes in males of most eutherian mammals share only a small homologous segment, the pseudoautosomal region (PAR), in which the formation of double-strand breaks (DSBs), pairing and crossing over must occur for correct meiotic segregation1,2. How cells ensure that recombination occurs in the PAR is unknown. H...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2327-4
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotine obtained from tobacco can improve learning and memory on various tasks and has been linked to arousal, attention, rapid information processing, working memory, and long-term memories that can cause craving years after someone has stopped smoking. One likely target for these effects is the hippocampus, a centr...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/383713a0
更新日期:1996-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, the study of speech processing has emphasized a strong link between auditory perceptual input and motor production output. A kind of 'parity' is essential, as both perception- and production-based representations must form a unified interface to facilitate access to higher-order language processes such a...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature12935
更新日期:2014-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::Cosmid, yeast artificial chromosome (YAC), P1 and complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries are distributed on high-density filters to the scientific community and experimental results are stored in a common object-based database accessible through the Internet. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/367489a0
更新日期:1994-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Only about 1% of human XO conceptuses survive to birth and these usually have the characteristics of Turner's syndrome, with a complex and variable phenotype including short stature, gonadal dysgenesis and anatomical defects. Both the embryonic lethality and Turner's syndrome are thought to be due to monosomy for a ge...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/351406a0
更新日期:1991-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::The response of tropical cyclone activity to global warming is widely debated. It is often assumed that warmer sea surface temperatures provide a more favourable environment for the development and intensification of tropical cyclones, but cyclone genesis and intensity are also affected by the vertical thermodynamic p...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06423
更新日期:2007-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::The macronutrient phosphorus is thought to limit primary productivity in the oceans on geological timescales. Although there has been a sustained effort to reconstruct the dynamics of the phosphorus cycle over the past 3.5 billion years, it remains uncertain whether phosphorus limitation persisted throughout Earth's h...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature20772
更新日期:2017-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to trap an object-whether a single atom or a macroscopic entity-affects fields as diverse as quantum optics, soft condensed-matter physics, biophysics and clinical medicine. Many sophisticated methodologies have been developed to counter the randomizing effect of Brownian motion in solution, but stable tra...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09404
更新日期:2010-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::D-type cyclins, in association with the cyclin-dependent kinases Cdk4 or Cdk6, promote progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle by phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein (RB). The activities of Cdk4 and Cdk6 are constrained by inhibitors such as p16, the product of the CDKN2 gene on human chromosome 9p21...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/375503a0
更新日期:1995-06-08 00:00:00