Crystal structure and mechanism of a bacterial fluorinating enzyme.

abstract：:Magnetic fields play a part in almost all stages of stellar evolution. Most low-mass stars, including the Sun, show surface fields that are generated by dynamo processes in their convective envelopes. Intermediate-mass stars do not have deep convective envelopes, although 10 per cent exhibit strong surface fields that...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stello D,Cantiello M,Fuller J,Huber D,García RA,Bedding TR,Bildsten L,Aguirre VS

更新日期：2016-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Aneuploidy, referring here to genome contents characterized by abnormal numbers of chromosomes, has been associated with developmental defects, cancer and adaptive evolution in experimental organisms. However, it remains unresolved how aneuploidy impacts gene expression and whether aneuploidy could directly bring abou...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pavelka N,Rancati G,Zhu J,Bradford WD,Saraf A,Florens L,Sanderson BW,Hattem GL,Li R

更新日期：2010-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:B lymphocytes re-circulate between B-cell-rich compartments (follicles or B zones) in secondary lymphoid organs, surveying for antigen. After antigen binding, B cells move to the boundary of B and T zones to interact with T-helper cells. Despite the importance of B--T-cell interactions for the induction of antibody re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Reif K,Ekland EH,Ohl L,Nakano H,Lipp M,Förster R,Cyster JG

更新日期：2002-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Optical-frequency synthesizers, which generate frequency-stable light from a single microwave-frequency reference, are revolutionizing ultrafast science and metrology, but their size, power requirement and cost need to be reduced if they are to be more widely used. Integrated-photonics microchips can be used in high-c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Spencer DT,Drake T,Briles TC,Stone J,Sinclair LC,Fredrick C,Li Q,Westly D,Ilic BR,Bluestone A,Volet N,Komljenovic T,Chang L,Lee SH,Oh DY,Suh MG,Yang KY,Pfeiffer MHP,Kippenberg TJ,Norberg E,Theogarajan L,Vahala K

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Age at menarche is a marker of timing of puberty in females. It varies widely between individuals, is a heritable trait and is associated with risks for obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and all-cause mortality. Studies of rare human disorders of puberty and animal models point to a compl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Perry JR,Day F,Elks CE,Sulem P,Thompson DJ,Ferreira T,He C,Chasman DI,Esko T,Thorleifsson G,Albrecht E,Ang WQ,Corre T,Cousminer DL,Feenstra B,Franceschini N,Ganna A,Johnson AD,Kjellqvist S,Lunetta KL,McMahon G,N

更新日期：2014-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:A short, 14-amino-acid segment called SP1, located in the Gag structural protein1, has a critical role during the formation of the HIV-1 virus particle. During virus assembly, the SP1 peptide and seven preceding residues fold into a six-helix bundle, which holds together the Gag hexamer and facilitates the formation o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dick RA,Zadrozny KK,Xu C,Schur FKM,Lyddon TD,Ricana CL,Wagner JM,Perilla JR,Ganser-Pornillos BK,Johnson MC,Pornillos O,Vogt VM

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Practice, with feedback, is a fundamental variable that influences the aquisition of motor skills: with it, everyone improves, but some improve more than others. This simple fact has led to frequent debate over the relative importance of genetic and environmental influences on motor learning. In principle these factor...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fox PW,Hershberger SL,Bouchard TJ Jr

更新日期：1996-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains are the least understood tectonic feature on Earth, because they are completely hidden beneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Their high elevation and youthful Alpine topography, combined with their location on the East Antarctic craton, creates a paradox that has puzzled researchers...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ferraccioli F,Finn CA,Jordan TA,Bell RE,Anderson LM,Damaske D

更新日期：2011-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Infants acquire whatever language is spoken in the environment into which they are born. The mental capability of the newborn child is not biased in any way towards the acquisition of one human language rather than another. Because psychologists who attempt to model the process of language comprehension are interested...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cutler A,Mehler J,Norris D,Segui J

更新日期：1983-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Tau is one of the diverse group of microtubule-associated proteins that bind to microtubules and may thereby influence their structure and function. It occurs in the mammalian brain, mainly in axons, and is a component of the neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease. Tau was recently sequenced, but there remains...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lichtenberg B,Mandelkow EM,Hagestedt T,Mandelkow E

更新日期：1988-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the peptide hormone ghrelin, an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) receptor, yielded the surprising result that the principal site of ghrelin synthesis is the stomach and not the hypothalamus. Although ghrelin is likely to regulate pituitary growth hormone (GH) secretion along...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tschöp M,Smiley DL,Heiman ML

更新日期：2000-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels, is essential for tumour progression. Angiostatin, a proteolytic fragment of plasminogen that was first isolated from the serum and urine of tumour-bearing mice, inhibits angiogenesis and thereby growth of primary and metastatic tumours. Radiothe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mauceri HJ,Hanna NN,Beckett MA,Gorski DH,Staba MJ,Stellato KA,Bigelow K,Heimann R,Gately S,Dhanabal M,Soff GA,Sukhatme VP,Kufe DW,Weichselbaum RR

更新日期：1998-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Transitive inference (TI) involves using known relationships to deduce unknown ones (for example, using A > B and B > C to infer A > C), and is thus essential to logical reasoning. First described as a developmental milestone in children, TI has since been reported in nonhuman primates, rats and birds. Still, how anim...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Grosenick L,Clement TS,Fernald RD

更新日期：2007-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Eukaryotic cells make many types of primary and processed RNAs that are found either in specific subcellular compartments or throughout the cells. A complete catalogue of these RNAs is not yet available and their characteristic subcellular localizations are also poorly understood. Because RNA represents the direct out...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Djebali S,Davis CA,Merkel A,Dobin A,Lassmann T,Mortazavi A,Tanzer A,Lagarde J,Lin W,Schlesinger F,Xue C,Marinov GK,Khatun J,Williams BA,Zaleski C,Rozowsky J,Röder M,Kokocinski F,Abdelhamid RF,Alioto T,Antoshechkin

更新日期：2012-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Interstellar dust is responsible, through surface reactions, for the creation of molecular hydrogen, the main component of the interstellar clouds in which new stars form. Intermediate between small, gas-phase molecules and dust are the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Such molecules could account for 2-30% of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cook DJ,Schlemmer S,Balucani N,Wagner DR,Steiner B,Saykally RJ

更新日期：1996-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated enzyme Cas9 is an RNA-guided endonuclease that uses RNA-DNA base-pairing to target foreign DNA in bacteria. Cas9-guide RNA complexes are also effective genome engineering agents in animals and plants. Here we use single-molecule and bulk...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sternberg SH,Redding S,Jinek M,Greene EC,Doudna JA

更新日期：2014-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Yeast phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (Sec14p) is required for the production of secretory vesicles from the Golgi. This requirement can be relieved by inactivation of the cytosine 5'-diphosphate (CDP)-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis, indicating that Sec14p is an essential component of a reg...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kearns BG,McGee TP,Mayinger P,Gedvilaite A,Phillips SE,Kagiwada S,Bankaitis VA

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Colorado plateau is a large, tectonically intact, physiographic province in the southwestern North American Cordillera that stands at ∼1,800-2,000 m elevation and has long been thought to be in isostatic equilibrium. The origin of these high elevations is unclear because unlike the surrounding provinces, which hav...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Levander A,Schmandt B,Miller MS,Liu K,Karlstrom KE,Crow RS,Lee CT,Humphreys ED

更新日期：2011-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell competition-the sensing and elimination of less fit 'loser' cells by neighbouring 'winner' cells-was first described in Drosophila. Although cell competition has been proposed as a selection mechanism to optimize tissue and organ development, its evolutionary generality remains unclear. Here, by using live imagin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ellis SJ,Gomez NC,Levorse J,Mertz AF,Ge Y,Fuchs E

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inhibitory activity associated with myelin is a major obstacle for successful axon regeneration in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS). In addition to myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and Nogo-A, available evidence suggests the existence of additional inhibitors in CNS myelin. We show here that a ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wang KC,Koprivica V,Kim JA,Sivasankaran R,Guo Y,Neve RL,He Z

更新日期：2002-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Men who develop metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) invariably succumb to the disease. Progression to CRPC after androgen ablation therapy is predominantly driven by deregulated androgen receptor (AR) signalling. Despite the success of recently approved therapies targeting AR signalling, such as abi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Asangani IA,Dommeti VL,Wang X,Malik R,Cieslik M,Yang R,Escara-Wilke J,Wilder-Romans K,Dhanireddy S,Engelke C,Iyer MK,Jing X,Wu YM,Cao X,Qin ZS,Wang S,Feng FY,Chinnaiyan AM

更新日期：2014-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the mechanism of muscular contraction and its regulation by Ca2+ (ref. 3), it is important to know the arrangement and configuration of the myosin heads in the space between thin and thick filaments in relaxed muscle. This information is still lacking, mainly because the myosin reflections in the X-ray d...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Maéda Y

更新日期：1983-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrolysis of the membrane phospholipid phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) produces two prospective intracellular messengers: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3), which releases Ca2+ from intracellular stores; and diacylglycerol (DG), which activates protein kinase C. Here we show how the formation...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Higashida H,Brown DA

更新日期：1986-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Activity in the motor cortex predicts movements, seconds before they are initiated. This preparatory activity has been observed across cortical layers, including in descending pyramidal tract neurons in layer 5. A key question is how preparatory activity is maintained without causing movement, and is ultimately conver...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Economo MN,Viswanathan S,Tasic B,Bas E,Winnubst J,Menon V,Graybuck LT,Nguyen TN,Smith KA,Yao Z,Wang L,Gerfen CR,Chandrashekar J,Zeng H,Looger LL,Svoboda K

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The maturation of RAS GTPases and approximately 200 other cellular CAAX proteins involves three enzymatic steps: addition of a farnesyl or geranylgeranyl prenyl lipid to the cysteine (C) in the C-terminal CAAX motif, proteolytic cleavage of the AAX residues and methylation of the exposed prenylcysteine residue at its ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Diver MM,Pedi L,Koide A,Koide S,Long SB

更新日期：2018-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Infertility resulting from a severe defect in sperm production affects 2% of men worldwide. Of these men with azoospermia, the absence of sperm in semen, one in eight carry de novo deletions for a specific region of the Y chromosome. A candidate gene for the Y-chromosome azoospermia factor (AZF) has been identified an...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Eberhart CG,Maines JZ,Wasserman SA

更新日期：1996-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The hippocampus is an important part of the limbic system in the human brain that has essential roles in spatial navigation and the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory1,2. Here we use single-cell RNA sequencing and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-se...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhong S,Ding W,Sun L,Lu Y,Dong H,Fan X,Liu Z,Chen R,Zhang S,Ma Q,Tang F,Wu Q,Wang X

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elongation factor Tu is present in a fourfold excess over the amount seemingly involved in protein synthesis. It is identical to a major protein which we have found associated with the plasma membrane. The possibility of a specific role in that location is considered. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jacobson GR,Rosenbusch JP

更新日期：1976-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The proliferation of large-scale DNA-sequencing projects in recent years has driven a search for alternative methods to reduce time and cost. Here we describe a scalable, highly parallel sequencing system with raw throughput significantly greater than that of state-of-the-art capillary electrophoresis instruments. The...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Margulies M,Egholm M,Altman WE,Attiya S,Bader JS,Bemben LA,Berka J,Braverman MS,Chen YJ,Chen Z,Dewell SB,Du L,Fierro JM,Gomes XV,Godwin BC,He W,Helgesen S,Ho CH,Irzyk GP,Jando SC,Alenquer ML,Jarvie TP,Jirage K

更新日期：2005-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Concentrating urine is mandatory for most mammals to prevent water loss from the body. Concentrated urine is produced in response to vasopressin by the transepithelial recovery of water from the lumen of the kidney collecting tubule through highly water-permeable membranes. In this nephron segment, vasopressin regulat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fushimi K,Uchida S,Hara Y,Hirata Y,Marumo F,Sasaki S

更新日期：1993-02-11 00:00:00