New targeted therapies for treatment of thrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome.

abstract：:Engineered tissue derived from ocular surface stem cells (SCs) are a cutting edge biotechnology for repair and restoration of severely damaged eyes as a result of ocular surface dysfunction because of SC failure. Ex-vivo SC expansion techniques have advanced significantly since the first patients were treated in the l...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Angunawela RI,Mehta JS,Daniels JT

更新日期：2013-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:It was suggested half a century ago that electrical impulses from the lateral hypothalamic area stimulate breathing. It is now emerging that these effects may be mediated, at least in part, by neurons containing orexin neuropeptides (also known as hypocretins). These cells promote wakefulness and consciousness, and th...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Williams RH,Burdakov D

更新日期：2008-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Common to all forms of chronic kidney disease is the progressive scarring of the tubulo-interstitial space, associated with the acquisition and accumulation of activated myofibroblasts. Many of these myofibroblasts are generated when tubular epithelial cells progressively lose their epithelial characteristics (cell-ce...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Burns WC,Thomas MC

更新日期：2010-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Angptl2 is a multifaceted protein, displaying both physiological and pathological functions, in which scientific and clinical interest is growing exponentially within the past few years. Its physiological functions are not well understood, but angptl2 was first acknowledged for its pro-angiogenic and antiapoptotic cap...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Thorin-Trescases N,Thorin E

更新日期：2014-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol produced by plants and is proposed to have multiple beneficial effects on health. In recent years, the interest in this molecule has increased nearly exponentially following the major findings that RSV (I) is chemo-preventive in some cancer models, (II) is cardio-protective an...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Widlund AL,Baur JA,Vang O

更新日期：2013-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A (LGMD2A) is a form of muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in calpain 3 (CAPN3). Several studies have implicated Ca2+ dysregulation as an underlying event in several muscular dystrophies, including LGMD2A. In this study we used mouse and human myotube cultures, and muscle biops...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Toral-Ojeda I,Aldanondo G,Lasa-Elgarresta J,Lasa-Fernández H,Fernández-Torrón R,López de Munain A,Vallejo-Illarramendi A

更新日期：2016-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Infantile haemangioma is the most common tumour of infancy, yet the origin of these lesions remains controversial and the predictable life cycle is poorly understood. Much new information on infantile haemangiomas has emerged over the past decade, but experts continue to debate fundamental features, including cell of ...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Ritter MR,Butschek RA,Friedlander M,Friedlander SF

更新日期：2007-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The human brain is a highly complex organ with remarkable energy demands. Although it represents only 2% of the total body weight, it accounts for 20% of all oxygen consumption, reflecting its high rate of metabolic activity. Mitochondria have a crucial role in the supply of energy to the brain. Consequently, their de...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： de Castro IP,Martins LM,Tufi R

更新日期：2010-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Innate immune receptors play a key role in the early recognition of invading bacterial pathogens and initiate the crucial innate immune response. The diverse macrophage receptors recognise Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria via conserved structures on the bacterial surface and facilitate phagocytosis and/or sign...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Plüddemann A,Mukhopadhyay S,Gordon S

更新日期：2006-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscular dystrophies are a group of diseases characterised by the primary wasting of skeletal muscle, which compromises patient mobility and in the most severe cases originate a complete paralysis and premature death. Existing evidence implicates calcium dysregulation as an underlying crucial event in the pathophysiol...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Vallejo-Illarramendi A,Toral-Ojeda I,Aldanondo G,López de Munain A

更新日期：2014-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Infants born with severe combined immune deficiencies are prone to life-threatening infections and, without treatment, do not survive beyond the first year of life. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a fully matched donor offers the possibility of cure. In the absence of a suitable matched donor, haploident...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Qasim W,Gaspar HB,Thrasher AJ

更新日期：2004-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are ubiquitous DNA viruses that infect cutaneous and mucosal epithelia. A subset of HPVs infects the female genital tract, to induce cervical lesions that can progress to malignancy in some women. DNA from HPVs can be found in >94% of cervical carcinomas (CaCx) worldwide; this strong asso...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Man S

更新日期：1998-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Glioblastoma multiforme, because of its invasive nature, can be considered a disease of the entire brain. Despite recent advances in surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, current treatment regimens have only a marginal impact on patient survival. A crucial challenge is to deliver drugs effectively to invasive glioma...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Agarwal S,Sane R,Oberoi R,Ohlfest JR,Elmquist WF

更新日期：2011-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The identification of multipotent adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC) has raised hope that tissue regeneration approaches established with bone-marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSC) can be reproduced with a cell-type that is far more accessible in large quantities. Recent detailed comparisons, however, revealed subtle f...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Ruetze M,Richter W

更新日期：2014-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The human animal type melanoma (ATM) is a rare subtype of melanoma characterised by the proliferation of pigmented dermal epithelioid and spindled melanocytes. However, this variant of melanoma is still lacking a precise nosography definition and classification for the difficulty to be distinguished from other more co...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Stucci LS,Palmirotta R,Lovero D,Silvestris E,Cafforio P,Felici C,Todisco A,Nacchiero E,Pezzuto F,Tucci M,Silvestris F

更新日期：2018-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Many viruses, with distinct replication strategies, activate DNA-damage response pathways, including the lentivirus human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the DNA viruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus 1, adenovirus and SV40. DNA-damage response pathways involving DNA-dependent protein kinase, ataxia-t...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Sinclair A,Yarranton S,Schelcher C

更新日期：2006-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Ebola virus (EBOV) gained public notoriety in the last decade largely as a consequence of the highly publicized isolation of a new EBOV species in a suburb of Washington, DC, in 1989, together with the dramatic clinical presentation of EBOV infection and high case-fatality rate in Africa (near 90% in some outbreaks), ...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Geisbert TW,Hensley LE

更新日期：2004-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy implanted outside the uterus, and >98% implant in the Fallopian tube. It has a major clinical and socioeconomic impact worldwide. The diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is often difficult and resource intensive owing to a lack of accurate biomarkers, and there is a need for impr...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Horne AW,Critchley HO

更新日期：2012-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the discovery of noncoding small RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), and their roles as potential tumour suppressors or oncogenes, post-transcriptional and translational control of gene expression have become increasingly important in cancer research. Given that over a third of coding genes, as estimated by computa...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Song B,Ju J

更新日期：2010-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Resistance to anti-cancer drugs (drug resistance) can be defined in the laboratory by the amount of anti-cancer drug that is required to produce a given level of cell death (drug response). Clinical drug resistance can be defined either as a lack of reduction of the size of a tumour following chemotherapy or as the oc...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Links M,Brown R

更新日期：1999-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelial hyperpermeability is a significant problem in vascular inflammation associated with trauma, ischaemia-reperfusion injury, sepsis, adult respiratory distress syndrome, diabetes, thrombosis and cancer. An important mechanism underlying this process is increased paracellular leakage of plasma fluid and protei...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Kumar P,Shen Q,Pivetti CD,Lee ES,Wu MH,Yuan SY

更新日期：2009-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans and other vertebrates exhibit left-right (LR) asymmetric arrangement of the internal organs, and failure to establish normal LR asymmetry leads to internal laterality disorders, including situs inversus and heterotaxy. Situs inversus is complete mirror-imaged arrangement of the internal organs along LR axis, wh...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Deng H,Xia H,Deng S

更新日期：2015-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Several genetic loci appear to be involved in susceptibility to autoimmune disease. Some loci are disease specific, whereas others appear to exert a general effect on the autoimmune disease process. Despite a large number of studies of many different diseases, consistent associations with multiple autoimmune disorders...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Brand O,Gough S,Heward J

更新日期：2005-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) involve the migration of abnormal numbers of self-directed leukocytes across the blood-brain barrier that normally separates the CNS from the immune system. The cardinal lesion associated with neuroinflammatory diseases is the perivascular infiltrate, which compr...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： McCandless EE,Klein RS

更新日期：2007-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Polydactyly is one of the most common inherited limb abnormalities, characterised by supernumerary fingers or toes. It results from disturbances in the normal programme of the anterior-posterior axis of the developing limb, with diverse aetiology and variable inter- and intra-familial clinical features. Polydactyly ca...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Deng H,Tan T,Yuan L

更新日期：2015-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Memory is the process by which organisms are able to record their experiences, and use this information to adapt their responses to the environment. As such, it is vital for survival. In recent years, the development of spatially and temporally selective techniques for the regulation of gene expression has allowed the...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Dunning J,During MJ

更新日期：2003-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian target of rapamycin mTOR is a central element in an evolutionary conserved signalling pathway that regulates cell growth, survival and proliferation, orchestrating signals originating from growth factors, nutrients or particular stress stimuli. Two important modulators of mTOR activity are the AKT and ER...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Drakos E,Rassidakis GZ,Medeiros LJ

更新日期：2008-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Human tumours emerge as the result of multiple genetic and epigenetic aberrations that allow the proto-cancer cell to escape normal social control. Many signal transduction pathways become constitutively active during this process, and one whose importance is increasingly being appreciated involves phosphoinositide 3-...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Stokoe D

更新日期：2005-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) harbours genes whose primary function in regulating immune responsiveness to infection is to present foreign antigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and T helper cells. In the case of infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), defining the optimal HIV epitopes that a...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Mehra NK,Kaur G

更新日期：2003-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental and human studies have shown that proteinuria contributes to the progression of renal disease. Overexposure to filtered proteins promotes the expression and release of chemokines by tubular epithelial cells, thus leading to inflammatory cell recruitment and renal impairment. This review focuses on recent ...

journal_title：Expert reviews in molecular medicine

authors： Moreno JA,Moreno S,Rubio-Navarro A,Gómez-Guerrero C,Ortiz A,Egido J

更新日期：2014-02-17 00:00:00