Abstract:
:It is increasingly clear that DNA viruses exploit cellular epigenetic processes to control their life cycles during infection. This review will address epigenetic regulation in members of the polyomaviruses, adenoviruses, human papillomaviruses, hepatitis B, and herpes viruses. For each type of virus, what is known about the roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, and regulatory RNA in epigenetic regulation of the virus infection will be discussed. The mechanisms used by certain viruses to dysregulate the host cell through manipulation of epigenetic processes and the role of cellular cofactors such as BRD4 that are known to be involved in epigenetic regulation of host cell pathways will also be covered. Specifically, this review will focus on the role of epigenetic regulation in maintaining viral episomes through the generation of chromatin, temporally controlling transcription from viral genes during the course of an infection, regulating latency and the switch to a lytic infection, and global dysregulation of cellular function.
journal_name
Virusesjournal_title
Virusesauthors
Balakrishnan L,Milavetz Bdoi
10.3390/v9110346subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-11-17 00:00:00issue
11issn
1999-4915pii
v9110346journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
Viruses-Basel文献大全abstract::Lifelong persistent infection by herpesviruses depends on the balance between host immune responses and viral immune evasion. CD4 T cells responding to antigens presented on major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules are known to play an important role in controlling herpesvirus infections. Here we r...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/v4081335
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactococcus lactis is one of the most important bacteria in dairy fermentations, being used in the production of cheese and buttermilk. The processes are vulnerable to phage attacks, and undefined mixtures of lactococcal strains are often used to reduce the risk of bacteriophage caused fermentation failure. Other prev...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11050443
更新日期:2019-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Type I interferon (IFN-I) is the first line of mammalian host defense against viral infection. To counteract this, the flaviviruses, like other viruses, have encoded a variety of antagonists, and use a multi-layered molecular defense strategy to establish their infections. Among the most potent antagonists is non-stru...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/v10120712
更新日期:2018-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the etiological agent of porcine circovirus diseases and porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVDs/PCVADs). However, the pathogenesis of PCV2 is not fully understood. We previously found that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) is negatively associated with P...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11060544
更新日期:2019-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy and apoptosis are two important evolutionarily conserved host defense mechanisms against viral invasion and pathogenesis. However, the association between the two pathways during the viral infection of T lymphocytes remains to be elucidated. Simian type D retrovirus (SRV) is an etiological agent of fatal sim...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v12040381
更新日期:2020-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::The mosquito antiviral response has mainly been studied in the context of arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) infection in female mosquitoes. However, in nature, both female and male mosquitoes are frequently infected with insect-specific viruses (ISVs). ISVs are capable of infecting the reproductive organs of both sexe...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v12040468
更新日期:2020-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::The hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects hepatocytes, which are the main cell type composing a human liver. However, the liver is enriched with immune cells, particularly innate cells (e.g., myeloid cells, natural killer and natural killer T-cells (NK/NKT), dendritic cells (DCs)), in resting condition. Hence, the study of ...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/v9050095
更新日期:2017-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent infection by human papillomaviruses (HPVs), small, double-stranded DNA viruses that infect keratinocytes of the squamous epithelia, can lead to the development of cervical and other cancers. The viral oncoprotein E7 contributes to viral persistence in part by regulating host gene expression through binding ...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v12030311
更新日期:2020-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::During flavivirus infection, some viral proteins move to the nucleus and cellular components are relocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Thus, the integrity of the main regulator of the nuclear-cytoplasmic transport, the nuclear pore complex (NPC), was evaluated during infection with dengue virus (DENV) and Zika ...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v12060583
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::Around 257 million people are living with hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronic infection and 71 million with hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection. Both HBV and HCV infections can lead to liver complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To take care of these chronically infected patients, one s...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/v12121440
更新日期:2020-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::We show that focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) tomography is an excellent method to analyze the three-dimensional structure of a fibroblast nucleus infected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). We found that the previously described infoldings of the inner nuclear membrane, which are unique among i...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v7112900
更新日期:2015-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::The two human oncogenic -herpesviruses, Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), are prototypic pathogens that are controlled by T cell responses. Despite their ubiquitous distribution, persistent infections and transforming potential, most carriers' immune systems control them for li...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/v11121125
更新日期:2019-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Viral codon usage bias may be the product of a number of synergistic or antagonistic factors, including genomic nucleotide composition, translational selection, genomic architecture, and mutational or repair biases. Most studies of viral codon bias evaluate only the relative importance of genomic base composition and ...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v5010162
更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The potent HIV-1 inhibitor TRIM5α blocks HIV-1 infection by accelerating the uncoating of HIV-1. TRIM5α is known to form higher-order self-association complexes that contribute to the avidity of TRIM5α for the HIV-1 capsid, and are essential to inhibit infection; these higher-order self-association complexes are depen...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v3050423
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hydrophobic pocket in the HIV-1 gp41 N-terminal heptad repeat (NHR) domain plays an important role in viral fusion and entry into the host cell, and serves as an attractive target for development of HIV-1 fusion/entry inhibitors. The peptide anti-HIV drug targeting gp41 NHR, T-20 (generic name: enfuvirtide; brand ...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/v5010127
更新日期:2013-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent circulative transmission of plant viruses involves complex interactions between the transmitted virus and its insect vector. Several studies have shown that insect vector proteins are involved in the passage and the transmission of the virus. Interestingly, proteins expressed by bacterial endosymbionts that...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/v5061516
更新日期:2013-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Begomoviruses are one of the major groups of plant viruses with an important economic impact on crop production in tropical and subtropical regions. The global spread of its polyphagous vector, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, has contributed to the emergence and diversification of species within this genus. In this study...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11040327
更新日期:2019-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Tetherin (BST2/CD317/HM1.24) has emerged as a key host-cell ·defence molecule that acts by inhibiting the release and spread of diverse enveloped virions from infected cells. We analysed the biological features of canine tetherin and found it to be an unstable hydrophilic type I transmembrane protein with one transmem...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v10100565
更新日期:2018-10-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus responsible for recent outbreaks of epidemic proportions in Latin America. Sexual transmission of the virus has been reported in 13 countries and may be an important route of infection. Sexual transmission of ZIKV has mostly been male-to-female, and persistence of vi...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11010042
更新日期:2019-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Parrot bornaviruses (PaBVs) are the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a chronic and often fatal neurologic disorder in Psittaciformes. The disease is widely distributed in private parrot collections and threatens breeding populations of endangered species. Thus, immunoprophylaxis strategies ...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11121130
更新日期:2019-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::For the past two decades, norovirus pandemic variants have emerged every 3⁻5 years, and dominate until they are replaced by alternate strains. However, this scenario changed in 2016 with the co-circulation of six prevalent viruses, three of which possessed the pandemic GII.4 Sydney 2012 capsid. An increased number of ...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v10100548
更新日期:2018-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Three dsRNAs, in sizes of approximately 2.5⁻5 kbp, were detected in the plant pathogenic fungus Nigrospora oryzae strain CS-7.5-4. Genomic analysis showed that the 5.0 kb dsRNA was a victorivirus named as Nigrospora oryzae victorivirus 2 (NoRV2). The genome of NoRV2 was 5166 bp in length containing two overlapping ope...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11010083
更新日期:2019-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) establishes latency in resting memory CD4+ T cells and cells of myeloid lineage. In contrast to the T cells, cells of myeloid lineage are resistant to the HIV-1 induced cytopathic effect. Cells of myeloid lineage including macrophages are present in anatomical sanctuaries ma...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/v7041578
更新日期:2015-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV), an infectious coronavirus first reported in 2012, has a mortality rate greater than 35%. Therapeutic antibodies are key tools for preventing and treating MERS-CoV infection, but to date no such agents have been approved for treatment of this virus. Nanobo...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11020166
更新日期:2019-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are highly contagious pathogens infecting human and numerous animals. The viruses cause millions of infection cases and thousands of deaths every year, thus making IAVs a continual threat to global health. Upon IAV infection, host innate immune system is triggered and activated to restrict v...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/v12040376
更新日期:2020-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::The human gut contains an expanse of largely unstudied bacteriophages. Among the most common are crAss-like phages, which were predicted to infect Bacteriodetes hosts. CrAssphage, the first crAss-like phage to be discovered, contains a protein encoding a Bacteroides-associated carbohydrate-binding often N-terminal (BA...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11121085
更新日期:2019-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are two poultry pathogens seriously affecting the poultry industry. Here, IBV S1 and the ectodomain of NDV F proteins were separately linked with the trans-membrane and carboxy-terminal domain of IBV S protein (STMCT), composing rS and rF; thus, a nov...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11030254
更新日期:2019-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::A field study was undertaken to (i) measure the prevalence of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) exposure and FeLV infection in a cross-section of healthy Australian pet cats; and (ii) investigate the outcomes following natural FeLV exposure in two Australian rescue facilities. Group 1 (n = 440) consisted of healthy client...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11060503
更新日期:2019-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::Astroviral infection is considered to be one of the causes of mammalian diarrheal diseases. It has been shown that astrovirus infections cause varying degrees of diarrhea in turkeys and mice. However, the pathogenesis of porcine astrovirus is unknown. In this study, the virulence of a cytopathic porcine astrovirus (PA...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v11121156
更新日期:2019-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Although there have been many epidemiological reports of the inter-country transmission of measles, systematic analysis of the global transmission dynamics of the measles virus (MV) is limited. In this study, we applied phylogeographic analysis to characterize the global transmission dynamics of the MV using large-sca...
journal_title:Viruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/v9040082
更新日期:2017-04-16 00:00:00