Neural organization and plasticity of language.

abstract：:Phototransduction in Drosophila's microvillar photoreceptors is mediated by phospholipase C (PLC) resulting in activation of two distinct Ca(2+)-permeable channels, TRP and TRPL. Here we review recent evidence on the unresolved mechanism of their activation, including the hypothesis that the channels are mechanically ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Hardie RC,Juusola M

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our ability to learn and control the motor aspects of complex laryngeal behaviors, such as speech and song, is modulated by the laryngeal motor cortex (LMC), which is situated in the area 4 of the primary motor cortex and establishes both direct and indirect connections with laryngeal motoneurons. In contrast, the LMC...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Simonyan K

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterogeneity among progenitor cells in the vertebrate nervous system has been documented with increasing frequency over the past few years. It has become clear that differences in progenitor cells help to determine when and how they respond to environmental signals. More recent studies have begun to elucidate the mol...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Lillien L

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetylcholine is the specific chemical code of spinal nerve terminal transmission at the mammalian neuromuscular junction (NMJ), whereas nicotinic acetylcholine receptors inserted into the membrane of muscle fibres mediate signalling for the muscle response. Glutamate has a primary role in neuromuscular transmission o...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Pizzi M,Brunelli G,Barlati S,Spano P

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review covers the dynamic regulation of neuroligin isoforms, focusing on posttranslational events including phosphorylation, glycosylation and activity-dependent cleavage. There is a growing literature on how phosphorylation confers an isoform-specific level of modulation affecting a variety of protein interactio...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Jeong J,Paskus JD,Roche KW

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The unfolded protein response (UPR) comprises kinase signaling and transcription factor activation cascades delineated over the past 20 years. Most studies conclude that this stress response is adaptive but, nevertheless, includes maladaptive programs involving CHOP expression that drives cell-autonomous apoptosis. He...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Gow A,Wrabetz L

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in the identification of factors that inhibit axon extension lead us to suggest that there exist at least two functionally distinct categories of inhibitory factors: those that inhibit the motile apparatus of the growth cone, and those that destabilize interactions of the growth cone with the substratu...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Luo Y,Raper JA

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelin sheaths in the vertebrate nervous system enable faster impulse propagation, while myelinating glia provide vital support to axons. Once considered a static insulator, converging evidence now suggests that myelin in the central nervous system can be dynamically regulated by neuronal activity and continues to par...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Kaller MS,Lazari A,Blanco-Duque C,Sampaio-Baptista C,Johansen-Berg H

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AMPA receptor (AMPAR) complexes comprise four of the AMPAR subunits GluA1-4 and several additional interacting proteins. Subunit composition determines AMPAR function. However, AMPAR function depends to a large extent also on interacting proteins, which influence trafficking to the cell surface, activity-dependent sub...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Jacobi E,von Engelhardt J

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of plasticity in the central nervous system is a major and very dynamic neuroscience research field with enormous clinical potential. Considerable advances in this field have been made during the past 10 years. It now appears that most circuits in the brain and spinal cord show plasticity and that they can b...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Schouenborg J

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gastrointestinal tract is innervated by its own enteric nervous system and by extrinsic neurons that connect it with the central nervous system. Innervation allows the gastrointestinal tract to sense and respond to diverse stimuli, adjusting motility and secretion, but also affecting our physiology, behaviour and ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Ameku T,Beckwith H,Blackie L,Miguel-Aliaga I

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent developments have led to a greater insight into the complex processes of perception of visual motion. A better understanding of the neuronal circuitry involved and advances in electrophysiological techniques have allowed researchers to alter the perception of an animal with a stimulating electrode. In addition,...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Snowden RJ

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lateral line system is simple (comprising six cell types), its sense organs form according to a defined and reproducible pattern, and its neurons are easily visualized. In the zebrafish, these advantages can be combined with a wealth of genetic tools, making this system ideally suited to a combined molecular, cell...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Ghysen A,Dambly-Chaudière C

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The insular cortex is the primary cortical site devoted to taste processing. A large body of evidence is available for how insular neurons respond to gustatory stimulation in both anesthetized and behaving animals. Most of the reports describe broadly tuned neurons that are involved in processing the chemosensory, phy...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Maffei A,Haley M,Fontanini A

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasingly systematic approaches to quantifying receptive fields in primary visual cortex, combined with inspired ideas about functional circuitry, non-linearities, and visual stimuli, are bringing new interest to classical problems. This includes the distinction and hierarchy between simple and complex cells, the m...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bair W

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensory neurons are usually described with an encoding model, for example, a function that predicts their response from the sensory stimulus using a receptive field (RF) or a tuning curve. However, central to theories of sensory processing is the notion of 'efficient coding'. We argue here that efficient coding implie...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Deneve S,Chalk M

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The vestibular system provides an attractive model for understanding how changes in cellular and synaptic activity influence learning and memory in a quantifiable behavior, the vestibulo-ocular reflex. The vestibulo-ocular reflex produces eye movements that compensate for head motion; simple yet powerful forms of moto...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Gittis AH,du Lac S

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synapses are functional units of the nervous system, through which information is transferred between neurons. The development and activity-dependent modification of synapses require temporally and spatially controlled modulation of gene expression. microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as essential regulators of gene expre...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Hu Z,Li Z

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enduring social bonds play an essential role in human society. These bonds positively affect psychological, physiological, and behavioral functions. Here, we review the recent literature on the neurobiology, particularly the role of oxytocin and dopamine, of pair bond formation, bond disruption, and social buffering e...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Lieberwirth C,Wang Z

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cloning of the Huntington's disease gene uncovered huntingtin, which is remarkable for its lack of similarity with known proteins despite its large size, approximately 350 kDa. Subsequent experiments established that huntingtin has an as yet unknown function, crucial for embryonic development and neurogenesis. Recent ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Gusella JF,MacDonald ME

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modulation of local protein synthesis in neuronal dendrites plays a key role in the production of long-term, activity-dependent changes in synapse structure and functional efficacy. Such long-term changes also require regulation of actin dynamics in dendritic spines. Recent evidence couples local protein synthesis to ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bramham CR

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The polarity of neurotransmission mediated by the gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) type A receptor depends crucially on intracellular chloride concentration, which is largely determined by the expression and function of cation/chloride co-transporters. Recent evidence shows how both activity and neurotrophic factors ca...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Fiumelli H,Woodin MA

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropeptide Y is an important regulator of energy intake and expenditure. The central portion of this regulatory system appears to reside in the arcuate nucleus/paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. The effects of neuropeptide Y on energy metabolism include increased food intake, decreased thermogenesis and in...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Billington CJ,Levine AS

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ionotropic AMPA-type glutamate receptors and G-protein-coupled metabotropic GABAB receptors are key elements of neurotransmission whose cellular functions are determined by their protein constituents. Over the past couple of years unbiased proteomic approaches identified comprehensive sets of protein building blocks o...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Bettler B,Fakler B

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal eyes have long served as a classical example of independent origin followed by convergence of structures onto a few different solutions. During the past decade this view has been challenged by the discovery of shared developmental regulatory genes. The Pax6 gene in particular is almost universally employed for ...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Nilsson DE

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Birds commonly use sound for communication between the sexes. In many songbird species, only males sing and there are pronounced sex differences in the neural song control circuits. By contrast, the auditory circuitry is largely similar in males and females. Both sexes learn to recognize vocalizations heard as juvenil...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Brenowitz EA,Remage-Healey L

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schizophrenia remains a daunting challenge for efforts aimed at identifying fundamental pathophysiological processes and to develop evidence-based effective treatments and interventions. One reason for the lack of progress lies in the fact that the pathophysiology of schizophrenia has been predominantly conceived in t...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Uhlhaas PJ

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present recent literature on model-based approaches to estimating functional connectivity from neuroimaging data. In contrast to the typical focus on a particular scientific question, we reframe a wider literature in terms of the underlying statistical model used. We distinguish between directed versus undirected a...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Foti NJ,Fox EB

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Though many neuronal cell fate decisions result in reproducible outcomes, stochastic choices often lead to spatial randomization of cell subtypes. This is often the case in sensory systems where expression of a specific sensory receptor gene is selected randomly from a set of possible outcomes. Here, we describe recen...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Johnston RJ Jr,Desplan C

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The control of movement relies on the precision with which motor circuits are assembled during development. Spinal motor neurons (MNs) provide the trigger to signal the appropriate sequence of muscle contractions and initiate movement. This task is accommodated by the diversification of MNs into discrete subpopulation...

journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology

authors： Dalla Torre di Sanguinetto SA,Dasen JS,Arber S

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00