Abstract：
:Non-toxic agents that target intracellular signalling pathways in apoptosis may have potential therapeutic use in many diseases. One such agent is the transition metal Zn, a dietary cytoprotectant and anti-oxidant, which stimulates cell proliferation and suppresses apoptosis. Zn is maintained in discrete subcellular pools that are critical for the functional and structural integrity of cells. The present review initially describes the current state of knowledge on the cellular biology of Zn, especially the critical free or loosely bound (labile) pools of Zn, which are thought to regulate apoptosis. We then review the evidence relating Zn to apoptosis, including studies from our laboratory showing potent synergy between intracellular Zn deficiency and the short chain fatty acid butyrate in induction of caspase activation and the downstream events of apoptosis. Our studies have also reported the suppressive effects of micromolar concentrations of Zn on caspase-3 activation in cell-free models. Other key issues that will be discussed include the identification of the putative molecular targets of Zn and the evidence that systemic changes in labile Zn levels are sufficient to alter susceptibility to apoptosis and lead to physiopathological changes in the human body. Finally, we propose that labile Zn may serve as a coordinate regulator of mitosis and apoptosis to regulate tissue growth.
journal_name
Immunol Cell Bioljournal_title
Immunology and cell biologyauthors
Chai F,Truong-Tran AQ,Ho LH,Zalewski PDdoi
10.1046/j.1440-1711.1999.00825.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-06-01 00:00:00pages
272-8issue
3eissn
0818-9641issn
1440-1711journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Understanding how inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) regulate apoptosis and necroptosis has been fast-forwarded by the use of Smac mimetics (SMs) to deplete or inhibit the IAPs, specifically cIAP1, cIAP2 and XIAP. The loss or inhibition of cIAP1, cIAP2 and XIAP causes the majority of cells to be sensitized to deat...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/icb.2016.118
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is increasing evidence that a small percentage of individuals exposed to the hepatitis C virus have the capacity to generate a strong cellular immune response against the virus and avoid persistent infection, and perhaps do so repeatedly after re-exposure. This article reviews the evidence that the responses ide...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1711.2006.01427.x
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) can contribute to the progression of chronic inflammatory diseases with possible involvement of macrophages. In this study, we investigated the role of both GM-CSF and uPA in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced experi...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.2015.25
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycoplasma infection may lead to various pathologies in a broad range of hosts. It has been shown that Mycoplasma may trigger cell death in cell cultures; however, the mechanism remains unknown. In the present paper we show that Mycoplasma infection of different lymphocyte and epithelial tumour cell lines leads to the...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1711.1998.00781.x
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The trace element zinc is essential for the survival and function of all cells. Zinc deficiency, whether nutritional or genetic, is fatal if left untreated. The effects of zinc deficiency are particularly obvious in the skin, seen as an erythematous rash, scaly plaques, and ulcers. Electron microscopy reveals degenera...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01391.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection of mice with the flaviviruses West Nile virus (WNV) and Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE) induces cytolytic T-cell responses which are highly cross-reactive on target cells infected with heterologous flaviviruses. Of C57BL/6 mice infected with low doses (10(2)-10(6) PFU) of either virus, 30-40% develop enceph...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.0818-9641.2004.01227.x
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumour cell heterogeneity is probably a principal cause of treatment failure and represents a formidable barrier for effective antibody-targeted chemotherapy. Idarubicin (Ida), a more potent and less cardiotoxic analogue of daunomycin, has been demonstrated to specifically target and eradicate homogeneous, cloned, mur...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.1993.19
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lethal giant larvae-1 (Lgl-1) is an evolutionary conserved protein that regulates cell polarity in diverse lineages; however, the role of Lgl-1 in the polarity and function of immune cells remains to be elucidated. To assess the role of Lgl-1 in T cells, we generated chimeric mice with a hematopoietic system deficient...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.2015.82
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gut mucosal system must fulfil conflicting roles in suppressing immune responses against orally fed antigens (tolerance) while still retaining the ability to respond to potential enteric pathogens. It must also, to a large degree, not mount an immune response against commensal enteric bacteria and the administrati...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1711.2000.00883.x
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Even though smallpox has been eradicated, the threat of accidental or intentional release has highlighted the fact there is little consensus about correlates of protective immunity or immunity against re-infection with the causative poxvirus, variola virus (VARV). As the existing vaccine for smallpox has unacceptable ...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.icb.7100118
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The CD46 lymphocyte surface antigen of man (until recently called HuLy-m5), and defined by the E4.3 monoclonal antibody (MoAb), shares cross-reactive antigenic epitopes with the envelope gp70 glycoproteins of gibbon ape leukaemia virus (GaLV) and Mason Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) primate retroviruses. It is now shown t...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.1989.42
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Active Brugia pahangi microfilariae (Mf) were injected into naive male BALB/c mice intraperitoneally. Microfilaraemia was studied for 28 days; and Mf circulated in blood in optimum numbers from 3 to 14 days. Anti-Mf response was assessed by the rate of disappearance of Mf from blood as well as their absence from visce...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.1988.43
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are indispensable for immune homeostasis, but their study in humans is complicated by heterogeneity within Treg, the difficulty in purifying Tregs using surface marker expression (e.g. CD25) and the transient expression of FOXP3 by activated effector cells. Here, we report that express...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.2015.90
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The iscom is a delivery system, designed for both parenteral and mucosal modes of administration, for both antigens and adjuvants, components which are interchangeable. By the parenteral route a prominent systemic Th1 type of response is evoked, but the mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) response was insignificant. Intran...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1711.1998.00756.x
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peripheral tolerance mechanisms limit autoimmunity by constitutively eliminating self-reactive CD8+ T cells from the periphery in a process called deletion. Previous work has demonstrated that this deletion process is mediated by BIM-dependent apoptotic death due to transcriptional induction of the Bim gene. Currently...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.2016.53
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lymphocytes exchanged rapidly and extensively between mutually tolerant, allogeneic rats following surgical parabiosis. Tolerated allogeneic cells persisted for an extended period in parabiotic partners after separation. A rapid exchange of cells was also observed between parabiosed syngeneic pairs of normal and allog...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.1987.29
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this study was to further characterize the interaction between an abundant urinary glycoprotein, Tamm-Horsfall protein, and complement 1q to determine the robustness of this reaction under different environmental conditions (particularly pH) and to begin to determine the specificity of this reaction. The i...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1711.2002.01125.x
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Productive immune responses to T-cell-dependent antigens ultimately generate two long-lived compartments: memory B cells and bone marrow-resident plasma cells, which both arise from within germinal centres. The ability of a B-cell clone to populate these effector compartments requires its descendents to outcompete tho...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.icb.7100148
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:See also: Outstanding Observation by Wirasinha et al., Short Communication by Barnes & Cyster. ...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/imcb.12027
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the developing forebrain, mounting evidence suggests that neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation is regulated by growth factors. In vitro in the presence of serum, stem cell proliferation is predominantly mediated by fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) whereas neuronal differentiation can be triggered by...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1711.1998.00762.x
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The NK gene complex (NKC) on mouse chromosome 6 encodes receptors that are expressed on NK cells, such as Ly49H, and is involved in regulating NK cell control of virus infections, such as murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV). In the present study, we investigated the level of allelic heterogeneity in NKC loci in populations ...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01311.x
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Technetium-99 m (99mTc)-labelled conjugates of an anti-fibrin monoclonal antibody, DD-3B6/22, have been assessed for their detection of vascular thrombi in a rabbit model. DD-3B6/22 binds to a D-dimer epitope present on cross-linked fibrin but absent from the fibrin monomer or fibrinogen. Injection of a 99mTc-labelled...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.1992.22
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study demonstrates that a syngeneic specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to a class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) positive tumour requires dual processing and recognition of tumour antigens. One type of antigen is processed and expressed in association with class I MHC at the surface of intac...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.1993.36
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of infections like sepsis and meningitis, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Human macrophages are able to phagocytose and digest L. monocytogenes but IL-4 prevents human macrophages from killing the bacteria, the mechanisms of which are unknown. In the present study, ...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1711.2003.01196.x
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The V region antigenic determinants (idiotopes (Ids)) of antibodies (Abs) have been suggested to be involved in regulating the immune system. Certain diseases such as diabetes mellitus have recently been associated with a disequilibrium between Id(+) and anti-Id Abs. However, it is unknown how Abs carrying complementa...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.2009.118
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central regulator of cellular metabolic homeostasis that is highly conserved in evolution. Recent evidence has revealed the existence of a complex interplay between mTOR signalling and immunity. We review here the emerging role of mTOR signalling in the regulation of Toll-like...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/icb.2014.3
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The multimammate rat Mastomys natalensis, when infected with the filarial parasite Acanthocheilonema viteae, develops amicrofilaraemia. Worm recovery and the duration and intensity of microfilaraemia were analysed and related to the humoral and cellular immune responses of the host by using an antibody-dependent cell-...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.1990.3
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We sought to model the mechanism by which leucocytes may be actively repulsed by a beta-chemokine signal. This model is used to interpret an apparent paradox in chemokine biology, whereby high levels of a T-cell chemoattractant, stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1), are present in bone marrow and thymic tissues despi...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1711.2001.01015.x
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heterogeneity of T cells is a hallmark of a successful adaptive immune response, harnessing the vast diversity of antigen-specific T cells into a coordinated evolution of effector and memory outcomes. The T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is highly diverse to account for the highly heterogeneous antigenic world. During...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/icb.2016.16
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Th-cell differentiation is highly influenced by the local cytokine environment. Although cytokines such as IL-12 and IL-4 are known to polarize the Th-cell response towards Th1 or Th2, respectively, it is not known whether these cytokines instruct the developmental fate of uncommitted Th cells or select cells that hav...
journal_title：Immunology and cell biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1711.2006.01425.x
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
