Abstract:
:An in vitro brain stem-spinal cord preparation from an adult urodele (Pleurodeles waltl) was developed in which two fictive rhythmic motor patterns were evoked by bath application of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA; 2.5-10 microM) with D-serine (10 microM). Both motor patterns displayed left-right alternation. The first pattern was characterized by cycle periods ranging between 2.4 and 9. 0 s (4.9 +/- 1.2 s, mean +/- SD) and a rostrocaudal propagation of the activity in consecutive ventral roots. The second pattern displayed longer cycle periods (8.1-28.3 s; 14.2 +/- 3.6 s) with a caudorostral propagation. The two patterns were inducible after a spinal transection at the first segment. Preliminary experiments on small pieces of spinal cord further suggested that the ability for rhythm generation is distributed along the spinal cord of this preparation. This study shows that the in vitro brain stem-spinal cord preparation from Pleurodeles waltl may be a useful model to study the mechanisms underlying the different axial motor patterns and the flexibility of the neural networks involved.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Delvolvé I,Branchereau P,Dubuc R,Cabelguen JMdoi
10.1152/jn.1999.82.2.1074subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-08-01 00:00:00pages
1074-7issue
2eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The medial division of the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (VNLLm) contains a specialized population of neurons that is sensitive to interaural temporal disparities (ITDs), a potent cue for sound localization along the azimuth. Unlike many ITD-sensitive neurons elsewhere in the auditory system, neurons in the...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.88.2.666
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The aim of this study was to examine the nature of motoneuron firing-rate modulation in type-identified motor units during smoothly graded contractions of the cat medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle evoked by stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR). Motoneuron discharge patterns, firing rates, and the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.75.1.38
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Support-surface movements are commonly used to examine balance control. Subjects typically receive a series of identical or randomly interspersed multidirectional balance perturbations and the atypical "first trial reaction" (evoked by the first perturbation) is often excluded from further analysis. However, this proc...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90945.2008
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The experiments described in this report were designed to determine the contribution of vestibulospinal neurons (VSNs) in Deiters' nucleus and of reticulospinal neurons (RSNs) in the medullary reticular formation to the modifications of the walking pattern that are associated with locomotion on an inclined plane. Neur...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.5.2257
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Modularity in the central nervous system (CNS), i.e., the brain capability to generate a wide repertoire of movements by combining a small number of building blocks ("modules"), is thought to underlie the control of movement. Numerous studies reported evidence for such a modular organization by identifying invariant m...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00245.2013
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in many cortical areas involved in visuospatial processing represent remembered spatial information in retinotopic coordinates. During a gaze shift, the retinotopic representation of a target location that is fixed in the world (world-fixed reference frame) must be updated, whereas the representation of a targ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00277.2003
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A quantal analysis of transmission at the identified molluscan synapse, V2-RPr1, was performed during development. The study was intended to determine the pre- and postsynaptic contributions to the marked changes in transmitter release described in the previous report. 2. The success of the quantal analysis was pre...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1988.60.6.2211
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of feeding behavior involves the integration of multiple physiological and neurological pathways that control both nutrient-seeking and consummatory behaviors. The consummatory phase of ingestion includes stereotyped oromotor movements of the tongue and jaw that are controlled through brain stem pathways. T...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00091.2014
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in monkey orbitofrontal cortex (OF) are known to respond to reward-predicting cues with a strength that depends on the value of the predicted reward as determined 1) by intrinsic attributes including size and quality and 2) by extrinsic factors including the monkey's state of satiation and awareness of what ot...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00373.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Echolocating bats use echoes of their sonar emissions to determine the position and distance of objects or prey. Target distance is represented as a map of echo delay in the auditory cortex (AC) of bats. During a bat's flight through a natural complex environment, echo streams are reflected from multiple objects along...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00860.2016
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A task was used by Posner (1980) to measure shifts of attention that occurred covertly, in the absence of an eye movement or other orienting response. This paradigm was used here to assess the nature of covert attentional orienting in monkeys to develop an animal model for neurophysiological studies. Shifts of atte...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.1.431
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ion channel modulation by the peptide myomodulin (MM) has been demonstrated in a wide variety of organisms including Aplysia, Lymnaea, and Pleurobranchaea. This neural and muscular modulation has been shown to be important for shaping and modifying behavior. In this paper, we report that MM modulates several distinct ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.1.216
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monitoring representative fractions of neurons from multiple brain circuits in behaving animals is necessary for understanding neuronal computation. Here, we describe a system that allows high-channel-count recordings from a small volume of neuronal tissue using a lightweight signal multiplexing headstage that permits...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00785.2013
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A desirable goal of functional MRI (fMRI), both clinically and for basic research, is to produce detailed maps of cortical function in individual subjects. Single-subject mapping of the somatotopic hand representation in the human primary somatosensory cortex (S1) has been performed using both phase-encoding and block...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00499.2012
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the first time in any vertebrate, in vivo responses of single olfactory receptor neurons to odorant mixtures were studied quantitatively. Extracellular electrophysiological response of 54 single olfactory receptor neurons from 23 channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, to binary mixtures of amino acids and to their ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.1.1a
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) causes an overall deficit in binaural hearing, including the abilities to localize sound sources, discriminate interaural time and level differences (ITDs and ILDs, respectively), and utilize binaural cues to aid signal detection and comprehension in noisy environments. Few studies ha...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00349.2020
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adaptation is a prominent feature of the human motor system and has been studied extensively in reaching movements. This study characterizes adaptation and generalization during isometric reaching in which the arm remains stationary and the participant controls a virtual cursor via force applied by the hand. We measur...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00255.2014
更新日期:2015-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Normative theories posit that value-based decision-making is context independent. However, decisions between two high-value options can be suboptimally biased by the introduction of a third low-value option. This context-dependent modulation is consistent with the divisive normalization of the value of each stimulus b...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00343.2015
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human motor system regulates arm mechanics to produce stable postures during interactions with different physical environments. This occurs partly via involuntary mechanisms, including stretch reflexes. Previous single-joint studies demonstrated enhanced reflex sensitivity during interactions with compliant enviro...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01094.2007
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Across the rostrocaudal (RC) axis of the Xenopus tadpole optic tectum exists a developmental gradient. This gradient has served as a useful model to study many aspects of synapse and dendrite maturation. To compliment these studies, we characterized how the intrinsic excitability, the ease in which a neuron can fire a...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00068.2014
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Control of myoelectric prostheses and brain-machine interfaces requires learning abstract neuromotor transformations. To investigate the mechanisms underlying this ability, we trained subjects to move a two-dimensional cursor using a myoelectric-controlled interface. With the upper limb immobilized, an electromyogram ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90614.2008
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macaque SEF neurons encode object-centered directions of eye movements regardless of the visual attributes of instructional cues. Neurons in the supplementary eye field (SEF) of the macaque monkey exhibit object-centered direction selectivity in the context of a task in which a spot flashed on the right or left end of...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.5.2340
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common neurological disorders causing memory reduction, particularly short-term memory (STM). We showed that, during TBI-induced inflammation, increased blood content of fibrinogen (Fg) enhanced vascular protein transcytosis and deposition of extravasated Fg in vasculo-a...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00224.2020
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Augmenting (or incremental) responses are progressively growing potentials elicited by 5- to 15-Hz stimulation within the thalamus, cerebral cortex, or by setting into action reciprocal thalamocortical neuronal loops. These responses are associated with short-term plasticity processes in thalamic and cortical neurons....
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.79.5.2716
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An important question in neuroscience is whether and how temporal patterns and fluctuations in neuronal spike trains contribute to information processing in the cortex. We have addressed this issue in the memory-related circuits of the prefrontal cortex by analyzing spike trains from a database of 229 neurons recorded...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00949.2002
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory neurons appear to adapt their gain to match the variance of signals along the dimension they encode, a property we shall call "contrast normalization." Contrast normalization has been the subject of extensive physiological and theoretical study. We previously found that neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00618.2006
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroimaging studies in stroke survivors have suggested that adaptive plasticity occurs following stroke. However, the complex temporal dynamics of neural reorganization after injury make the interpretation of functional imaging studies equivocal. In the present study in adult squirrel monkeys, intracortical microstim...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90447.2008
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The caudal mesopallium (CM) is a cortical-level area in the songbird auditory pathway where selective, invariant responses to familiar songs emerge. To characterize the cell types that perform this computation, we made whole cell recordings from brain slices in juvenile zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata) of both sex...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00694.2017
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Using extracellular recording techniques in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus, we have evaluated the effects of the redox reagents 5,5O-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) and tris (carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP) on long-term potentiation (LTP) expressed by alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propionic ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.73.6.2612
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A tool or probe often functions as an extension of the hand, transmitting vibrations to the hand to produce a percept of the object contacting the tool or probe. This paper reports the psychophysical results of a combined psychophysical and neurophysiological study of the perception of vibration transmitted through a ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.4.1548
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00