Neuronal activity in primate orbitofrontal cortex reflects the value of time.

abstract：:Fear conditioning studies have led to the view that the amygdala contains neurons that signal threat and in turn elicit defensive behaviors through their brain stem and hypothalamic targets. In agreement with this model, a prior unit-recording study in rats performing a seminaturalistic foraging task revealed that man...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Amir A,Kyriazi P,Lee SC,Headley DB,Paré D

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The generation of a behaviorally relevant cue to the speed of objects around us is critical to our ability to navigate safely within our environment. However, our perception of speed is often distorted by prevailing conditions. For instance, as luminance is reduced, our perception of the speed of fast-moving patterns ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Hammett ST,Smith AT,Wall MB,Larsson J

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary motor cortex (MI) commands motor output after kinematics are planned from goals, thought to occur in a larger premotor network. However, there is a growing body of evidence that MI is involved in processes beyond action generation, and neuronal subpopulations may perform computations related to cue-to-acti...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Rao NG,Donoghue JP

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years a small number of studies have applied functional imaging techniques to investigate visual responses in the human superior colliculus (SC), but few have investigated its oculomotor functions. Here, in two experiments, we examined activity associated with endogenous saccade preparation. We used 3-T fMRI...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Furlan M,Smith AT,Walker R

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the effects of selective inactivation of the cerebellar nuclei in the cat on the control of multijoint trajectories and trajectory adaptation to avoid obstacles. Animals were restrained in a hammock and trained to perform a prehension task in which they reached to grasp a small cube of meat from a ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Martin JH,Cooper SE,Hacking A,Ghez C

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mesial temporal lobe (MTL) epilepsy, which typically involves the hippocampus (HPC), epileptiform events are enhanced during slow wave sleep (SWS). It remains unclear how and why the electroencephalographic (EEG) states that constitute SWS might predispose the HPC to this type of pathological activity. Recently our...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Nazer F,Dickson CT

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. A compartmental model was employed to investigate the electrical behavior of a dendritic spine having excitable membrane at the spine head. Here we used the Hodgkin and Huxley equations to generate excitable membrane properties; in some cases the kinetics were modified to get a longer duration action potential. Pas...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Segev I,Rall W

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the eye movements evoked by applying small amounts of current (2-50 microA) within the oculomotor vermis of two monkeys. We first compared the eye movements evoked by microstimulation applied either during maintained pursuit or during fixation. Smooth, pursuitlike changes in eye velocity caused by the micro...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Krauzlis RJ,Miles FA

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The physiological properties of cells in the superior olivary complex (SOC) were studied in 400-microns brain slices taken through the mouse auditory brain stem. Coronal sections were prepared from fresh brain tissue and were placed fully submerged in an oxygenated saline solution. The boundaries of the medial nucl...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Wu SH,Kelly JB

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The shared inputs to cat retinal ganglion cells have been investigated by studying correlations in the maintained firing of neighboring ganglion cells. The firing of one cell was recorded from its axon in the optic tract, while that of a neighboring cell was simultaneously recorded with a second electrode in the re...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Mastronarde DN

更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons in area MT, a motion-sensitive area of extrastriate cortex, respond to a step of target velocity with a transient-sustained firing pattern. The transition from a high initial firing rate to a lower sustained rate occurs over a time course of 20-80 ms and is considered a form of short-term adaptation. The prese...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Priebe NJ,Churchland MM,Lisberger SG

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. To analyze further the sensory mechanisms for triggering the lordosis reflex, single-unit (n = 345) activity was recorded extracellularly from spinal segments L5-S1 of urethan-anesthetized female rats. Unit responses to pressure on the skin (necessary and sufficient for evoking lordosis) and other mechanical stimul...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Kow LM,Zemlan FP,Pfaff DW

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Neocortical brain slices were prepared from rats (35-50 days of age) and maintained in vitro. Intracellular recordings were obtained from neurons in cortical layers II/III. The effect of bath application of cyclothiazide (CYZ), a potent blocker of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptor...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Pelletier MR,Hablitz JJ

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of functional neurotransmitter receptors is an important determinant of neuronal information processing. To map the location of functional glutamate and GABA receptors on individual hippocampal neurons, we photolyzed "caged" glutamate and GABA while measuring the electrical currents resulting from act...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Pettit DL,Augustine GJ

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies of spiral ganglion neuron electrophysiology have shown that specific parameters differ according to cochlear location, with apical neurons being distinctly different from basal neurons. To align these features more precisely along the tonotopic axis of the cochlea, we developed a novel spiral ganglion...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Liu Q,Davis RL

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate how information is processed in the vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) pathways subserving vertical eye movements, extracellular single-unit recordings were obtained from the vestibular nuclei of alert monkeys trained to track a visual target with their eyes while undergoing sinusoidal pitch oscillations (0.2-1...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Chubb MC,Fuchs AF,Scudder CA

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The effects of inhibitory amino acid transmitters on horizontal cells in the superfused amphibian retina were studied by the use of conventional intracellular recording techniques. 2. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) caused a calcium-independent depolarization of horizontal cells in mud puppy and tiger salamander. Th...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Stockton RA,Slaughter MM

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have addressed the source and nature of the persistent neural activity that bridges the stimulus-free gap between the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) during trace eyelid conditioning. Previous work has demonstrated that this persistent activity is necessary for trace eyelid conditioning: C...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Siegel JJ,Kalmbach B,Chitwood RA,Mauk MD

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A description of healthy and pathological brain dynamics requires an understanding of spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity and characteristics of its propagation between interconnected circuits. However, the structure and modulation of the neural activation maps underlying these patterns and their propagation re...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Hazra A,Rosenbaum R,Bodmann B,Cao S,Josić K,Žiburkus J

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trace eyeblink classical conditioning (tEBCC) can be accelerated by making training trials contingent on the naturally generated hippocampal 3- to 7-Hz theta rhythm. However, it is not well-understood how the presence (or absence) of theta affects stimulus-driven changes within the hippocampus and how it correlates wi...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Darling RD,Takatsuki K,Griffin AL,Berry SD

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular discharges from single neurons in the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) were recorded and analyzed for rate changes associated with visually guided forearm rotations to four different targets. We sought to examine how GPi neurons contribute to movement preparation and execution. Unit discharg...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Gdowski MJ,Miller LE,Parrish T,Nenonene EK,Houk JC

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The proton-gated current was investigated in whole-cell configuration of the neurons isolated from bullfrog heart parasympathetic ganglia with the use of the "concentration-clamp" technique, which combines intracellular perfusion and extremely rapid exchange of external solution within 1-2 ms, under a single-electr...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Kim DK,Tateishi N,Akaike N

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of quadrupeds has furnished most of our understanding of mammalian locomotion. To allow a more direct comparison of coordination between the four limbs in humans and quadrupeds, we studied crawling in the human, a behavior that is part of normal human development and mechanically more similar to quadrupedal ...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Patrick SK,Noah JA,Yang JF

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ventromedial medulla is implicated in a variety of functions including nociceptive and cardiovascular modulation and the control of thermoregulation. To determine whether single microinjections into the ventromedial medulla elicit changes in one or multiple functional systems, the GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicuc...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Nason MW Jr,Mason P

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The oculomotor system is well understood compared with other motor systems; however, we do not yet know the spatial details of sensory to motor transformations. This study addresses this issue by quantifying the spatial relationships between visual and motor responses in the superior colliculus (SC), a midbrain struct...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Marino RA,Rodgers CK,Levy R,Munoz DP

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast oscillatory activity (more than approximately 200 Hz) has been attracting increasing attention regarding its possible role in both normal brain function and epileptogenesis. Yet, its underlying cellular mechanism remains poorly understood. Our prior investigation of the phenomenon in rat somatosensory cortex indi...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Jones MS,Barth DS

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ankle inversions have been studied extensively during standing conditions. However, inversion traumas occur during more dynamic conditions, like walking. Therefore in this study sudden ankle inversions were elicited in 12 healthy subjects who stepped on a trap door while walking on a treadmill. First, 10 control trial...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Nieuwenhuijzen PH,Duysens J

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cats were reared in total darkness from birth until 4-5 mo of age (DR cats, n = 7) or with very brief visual experience (1 or 2 days) during an otherwise similar period of dark rearing [DR(1) cats, n = 3; DR(2) cats, n = 7]. Single-cell recordings were made in area 17 of visual cortex at the end of this rearing period...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Mower GD,Christen WG

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Both stretch and release of the ventral superficial muscles (VSM) in the abdomen of the hermit crab, Pagurus pollicarus, activate the VSM motoneurons in the intact animal and in the isolated abdomen. 2. This reflex was studied by recording intracellularly from muscle fibers innervated by single motoneurons during s...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Chapple WD

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. We have studied the physiology of sensory neurons innervating skin of the rat hindlimb, in three groups of animals: 1) normal animals; 2) animals in which the sural nerve (Sn) had regenerated to its original cutaneous target; and 3) animals in which the gastrocnemius muscle nerve (Gn) had previously been cut and cr...

journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology

authors： Lewin GR,McMahon SB

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00