Abstract:
:To elucidate how information is processed in the vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) pathways subserving vertical eye movements, extracellular single-unit recordings were obtained from the vestibular nuclei of alert monkeys trained to track a visual target with their eyes while undergoing sinusoidal pitch oscillations (0.2-1.0 Hz). Units with activity related to vertical vestibular stimulation and/or eye movements were classified as either vestibular units (n = 53), vestibular plus eye-position units (n = 30), pursuit units (n = 10), or miscellaneous units (n = 5), which had various combinations of head- and eye-movement sensitivities. Vestibular units discharged in relation to head rotation, but not to smooth eye movements. On average, these units fired approximately in phase with head velocity; however, a broad range of phase shifts was observed. The activities of 8% of the vestibular units were related to saccades. Vestibular plus eye-position units fired in relation to head velocity and eye position and, in addition, usually to eye velocity. Their discharge rates increased for eye and head movements in opposite directions. During combined head and eye movements, the modulation in unit activity was not significantly different from the sum of the modulations during each alone. For saccades, the unit firing rate either decreased to zero or was unaffected. Pursuit units discharged in relation to eye position, eye velocity, or both, but not to head movements alone. For saccades, unit activity usually either paused or was unaffected. The eye-movement-related activities of the vestibular plus eye-position and pursuit units were not significantly different. A quantitative comparison of their firing patterns suggests that vestibular, vestibular plus eye-position, and pursuit neurons in the vestibular nucleus could provide mossy fiber inputs to the flocculus. In addition, the vertical vestibular plus eye-position neurons have discharge patterns similar to those of fibers recorded rostrally in the medial longitudinal fasciculus. Therefore, our data support the view that vertical vestibular plus eye-position neurons are interneurons of the VOR.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Chubb MC,Fuchs AF,Scudder CAdoi
10.1152/jn.1984.52.4.724subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-10-01 00:00:00pages
724-42issue
4eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The cardiac ganglion (CG) of Homarus americanus is a central pattern generator that consists of two oscillatory groups of neurons: "small cells" (SCs) and "large cells" (LCs). We have shown that SCs and LCs begin their bursts nearly simultaneously but end their bursts at variable phases. This variability contrasts wit...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01010.2012
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The medial-olivocochlear (MOC) acoustic reflex is thought to provide frequency-specific feedback that adjusts the gain of cochlear amplification, but little is known about how frequency specific the reflex actually is. We measured human MOC tuning through changes in stimulus frequency otoacoustic emissions (SFOAEs) fr...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00549.2011
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Express saccades represent the fastest possible eye movements to visual targets with reaction times that approach minimum sensory-motor conduction delays. Previous work in monkeys has identified two specific neural signals in the superior colliculus (SC: a midbrain sensorimotor integration structure involved in gaze c...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00047.2015
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single-unit electrical activity has been recorded from 122 viscerosomatic neurons in the T9 and T11 segments of the cat's spinal cord. These neurons were excited by electrical and/or natural stimulation of visceral and somatic afferent fibers. The majority of viscerosomatic neurons (72%) received somatic nociceptive i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1986.56.3.785
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Granule cells and parallel fiber circuits in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) play a role in integration of multimodal sensory with auditory inputs. The activity of granule cells is regulated through inhibitory connections made by Golgi cells. Golgi cells in turn probably receive parallel fiber inputs and regulate ac...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00396.2006
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tactile sensations mediated by the whisker-trigeminal system allow rodents to efficiently detect and discriminate objects. These capabilities rely strongly on the temporal and spatial structure of whisker deflections. Subthreshold but also spiking receptive fields in the barrel cortex encompass a large number of v...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00044.2011
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Head rotation, translation, and tilt with respect to a gravitational field elicit reflexive eye movements that partially stabilize images of Earth-fixed objects on the retinas of humans and other vertebrates. Compared with the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex, responses to translation and tilt, collectively called the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00882.2018
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. An experimental peripheral neuropathy (EPN) was induced in three monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) by ligation of spinal nerve L7. Behavioral responses to innocuous mechanical stimuli were tested before and after the surgery. Two weeks after the nerve ligation, the activity of spinothalamic tract (STT) neurons was reco...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1992.68.6.1951
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acetylcholine increases intracellular calcium of arterial chemoreceptor cells of adult cats. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 2388-2395, 1997. Several neurotransmitters have been reported to play important roles in the chemoreception of the carotid body. Among them acetylcholine (ACh) appears to be involved in excitatory processe...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.5.2388
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intermediate and deep layers of the monkey superior colliculus (SC) are known to be important for the generation of saccadic eye movements. Recent studies have also provided evidence that the rostral SC might be involved in the control of pursuit eye movements. However, because rostral SC neurons respond to visual...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.5.2629
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were to probe the contribution of spinal neuron persistent sodium conductances to reflex hyperexcitability in human chronic spinal cord injury. The intrinsic excitability of spinal neurons provides a novel target for medical intervention. Studies in animal models have shown that persistent...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1152/jn.00570.2010
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tetanus toxin reduces monosynaptic inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission in mouse spinal cord neurons in culture. Inhibitory transmission is preferentially reduced by the toxin; however, excitatory transmission is also ultimately reduced and blocked by the concentrations of toxin used in these studies. Recor...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1987.57.1.121
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cats were reared in total darkness from birth until 4-5 mo of age (DR cats, n = 7) or with very brief visual experience (1 or 2 days) during an otherwise similar period of dark rearing [DR(1) cats, n = 3; DR(2) cats, n = 7]. Single-cell recordings were made in area 17 of visual cortex at the end of this rearing period...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.53.2.572
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans quickly and sophisticatedly correct their movements in response to changes in the world, such as when reaching to a target that abruptly changes its location. The vigor of these movement corrections is time-dependent, increasing if the time left to make the correction decreases, which can be explained by optima...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00616.2018
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonists increase the excitability of hippocampal CAl pyramidal neurons via depression of the postspike afterhyperpolarization. In adult rats, this is mediated by both mGluR1 and -5, but the signal transduction processes involved are unknown. In this study, we investigat...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01236.2003
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transient potassium current (I(A)) plays an important role in shaping the firing properties of pyloric neurons in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus. The shal gene encodes I(A) in pyloric neurons. However, when we over-expressed the lobster Shal protein by shal RNA inject...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00837.2002
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental evidence supports a number of mechanisms for the synaptic change that occurs with long-term potentiation (LTP) including insertion of AMPA receptors, an increase in AMPA receptor single channel conductance, unmasking silent synapses, and increases in vesicle release probability. Here we combine experiment...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00248.2006
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small lesions designed to completely destroy the cortical zone of representation of a restricted band of frequency were introduced within the primary auditory cortex (AI) in adult cats. Physiological mapping was used to guide placement of lesions. Sound-localization performance was evaluated prior to and after inducti...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1984.52.5.819
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frequency facilitation is a process whereby neurosecretion increases as a function of stimulation frequency during repetitive synaptic activity. To examine the physiological basis underlying facilitation, we have estimated the frequency dependence of the synaptic parameters n (number of units capable of responding to ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.1.417
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied how rewards modulate the occurrence of microsaccades by manipulating the size of an expected reward and the location of the cue that sets the expectations for future reward. We found an interaction between the size of the reward and the location of the cue. When monkeys fixated on a cue that signaled t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00401.2015
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) experience impairments in the control of head and neck movements, suggesting dysfunction in brain stem circuitry. To examine if brain stem circuitry is altered in CP, we compared reflexes evoked in the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle by trigeminal nerve stimulation in adults with ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00185.2018
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The respective roles of ventral and dorsal cortical processing streams are still under discussion in both vision and audition. We characterized neural responses in the caudal auditory belt cortex, an early dorsal stream region of the macaque. We found fast neural responses with elevated temporal precision as well as n...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00436.2013
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dual whole-cell patch clamp recordings from the soma and dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons located in hippocampal slices of adult rats were used to examine the potential mechanisms of phase precession. To mimic phasic synaptic input, 5-Hz sine wave current injections were simultaneously delivered both to the soma and...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.1.528
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pentobarbital, a general anesthetic, has received extensive study for its ability to potentiate inhibition at GABA(A) subtype of receptors for GABA. Using whole cell current-clamp techniques and bath applications, we determined the effects of pentobarbital and GABA receptor antagonists on the membrane properties and t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00365.2002
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The magnitude of postsynaptic Ca(2+) transients is thought to affect activity-dependent synaptic plasticity associated with learning and memory. Large Ca(2+) transients have been implicated in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP), while smaller Ca(2+) transients have been associated with long-term depression ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.1.399
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Extracellular spikes of burster-driving neurons (BDNs) were recorded within and immediately below the prepositus hypoglossi nucleus in the alert cat. BDNs were characterized by short-latency activation after stimulation of the contralateral vestibular nerve (latency: 1.4-2.7 ms) and the ipsilateral superior collicu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1995.74.1.273
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We perceive objects as permanent and stable despite frequent occlusions and eye movements, but their representation in the visual cortex is neither permanent nor stable. Feature selective cells respond only as long as objects are visible, and their responses depend on eye position. We explored the hypothesis that the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00112.2020
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) receives a dense serotonergic innervation that modulates photic input to the SCN via serotonin 1B (5-HT1B) presynaptic receptors on retinal glutamatergic terminals. However, the majority of 5-HT1B binding sites in the SCN are located on nonretinal terminals and most axonal terminals i...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00770.2004
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Several heart interneurons (HN cells) of the leech nerve cord have impulse-initiation sites in every segmental ganglion through which their single axons pass. All these initiation sites are capable of producing rhythmic impulse bursts. However, under normal conditions a dominant primary initiation site in the gangl...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1980.44.5.878
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We elicited repetitive discharge in hypoglossal motoneurons recorded in slices of rat brain stem using a combination of a suprathreshold injected current step with superimposed noise to mimic the synaptic drive likely to occur during physiological activation. The effects of repetitive en mass stimulation of afferent n...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.2.829
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00