Abstract:
:The medial-olivocochlear (MOC) acoustic reflex is thought to provide frequency-specific feedback that adjusts the gain of cochlear amplification, but little is known about how frequency specific the reflex actually is. We measured human MOC tuning through changes in stimulus frequency otoacoustic emissions (SFOAEs) from 40-dB-SPL tones at probe frequencies (f(p)s) near 0.5, 1.0, and 4.0 kHz. MOC activity was elicited by 60-dB-SPL ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral tones or half-octave noise bands, with elicitor frequency (f(e)) varied in half-octave steps. Tone and noise elicitors produced similar results. At all probe frequencies, SFOAE changes were produced by a wide range of elicitor frequencies with elicitor frequencies near 0.7-2.0 kHz being particularly effective. MOC-induced changes in SFOAE magnitude and SFOAE phase were surprisingly different functions of f(e): magnitude inhibition largest for f(e) close to f(p), phase change largest for f(e) remote from f(p). The metric ΔSFOAE, which combines both magnitude and phase changes, provided the best match to reported (cat) MOC neural inhibition. Ipsilateral and contralateral MOC reflexes often showed dramatic differences in plots of MOC effect vs. elicitor frequency, indicating that the contralateral reflex does not give an accurate picture of ipsilateral-reflex properties. These differences in MOC effects appear to imply that ipsilateral and contralateral reflexes have different actions in the cochlea. The implication of these results for MOC function, cochlear mechanics, and the production of SFOAEs are discussed.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Lilaonitkul W,Guinan JJ Jrdoi
10.1152/jn.00549.2011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-03-01 00:00:00pages
1598-611issue
6eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598pii
jn.00549.2011journal_volume
107pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by profound deficits in memory and cognitive function. Neuropathological hallmarks of the disease include a loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and the deposition of beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) in neuritic plaques. At a cellul...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00616.2003
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful negotiation of obstacles during walking relies on the integration of visual information about the environment with ongoing locomotor commands. When information about the body and the environment is removed through occlusion of the lower visual field, individuals increase downward head pitch angle, reduce fo...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00931.2017
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the substrates for the large-scale shifts in the cortical representation produced by limb amputation. Subcortical changes likely contribute to the cortical remodeling, yet there is little data regarding the extent and pattern of reorganization in thalamus after such a massive deafferentation. Mor...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.3154
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term depression (LTD) was induced in neocortical layer 5 pyramidal connections by pairing presynaptic firing with subthreshold postsynaptic depolarization (dLTD) or via a spike-timing protocol (tLTD). Like tLTD, dLTD reduced short-term depression and increased the coefficient of variation consistent with a presyn...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00376.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to examine whether the sustained increases in the excitability of afferent fibers traversing the dorsal columns evoked by their polarization depend on the branching points of these fibers. To this end, the effects of epidural polarization were compared in four spinal regions in deeply anesthet...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00161.2020
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural oscillations are observed ubiquitously in the mammalian brain, but their stability is known to be rather variable. Some oscillations are tonic and last for seconds or even minutes. Other oscillations appear as unstable bursts. Likewise, some oscillations rely on excitatory AMPAergic synapses, but others are GAB...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00119.2020
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical and experimental research has demonstrated that the emotional experience of fear and anxiety impairs postural stability in humans. The current study investigated whether changes in fear and anxiety can also modulate spinal stretch reflexes and the gain of afferent inputs to the primary somatosensory cortex. T...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01030.2010
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subjects were asked to track, with their eyes or their hand, the movement of a target that maintained a constant speed and made a single, abrupt change in direction. The tracking speed and direction of motion after the step change in target direction were compared for the eyes and the hand. After removal of the saccad...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.3.1149
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oculomotor system is well understood compared with other motor systems; however, we do not yet know the spatial details of sensory to motor transformations. This study addresses this issue by quantifying the spatial relationships between visual and motor responses in the superior colliculus (SC), a midbrain struct...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90688.2008
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::When identical stimuli are presented in rapid temporal succession, neural responses to the second stimulation are often weaker than those observed for the first. This phenomenon is termed sensory gating and is believed to be an adaptive feature that helps prevent higher-order cortical centers from being flooded with u...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00260.2017
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the cellular mechanism underlying presynaptic regulation of olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) input to the mouse olfactory bulb using optical-imaging techniques that selectively report activity in the ORN presynaptic terminal. First, we loaded ORNs with calcium-sensitive dye and imaged stimulus-evoked ca...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00286.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A question to be addressed in the present study is how different the eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO) resting states are across frequency bands in terms of efficiency and centrality of the brain functional network. We investigated both the global and nodal efficiency and betweenness centrality in the EC and EO rest...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00585.2013
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We have investigated the electrical properties of neurons acutely dissociated from the substantia nigra zona compacta (SNZC) of the postnatal rat with whole cell patch-clamp recordings. Retrogradely labeled nigrostriatal neurons were identified with the use of rhodamine-labeled fluorescent latex microspheres. Over ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.64.1.262
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nigrostriatal dopamine denervation plays a major role in basal ganglia circuitry disarray and motor abnormalities of Parkinson's disease (PD). Studies in rodent and primate models have revealed that striatal projection neurons, namely, medium spiny neurons (MSNs), increase the firing frequency. However, their activity...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00910.2014
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study determined the effect of mixed (slip- and trip-like stance perturbation) training on reactive responses in people with chronic stroke (PwCS) and examined modulation of their reactive responses on higher intensity perturbations posttraining (scaling). Twelve PwCS were exposed to consecutive blocks of treadmi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00671.2019
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established that orderly patterns of motor neuron activity, muscle recruitment, and limb movement are generated in chicks during motility by embryonic day (E)9, the midpoint in embryonic development. However, our recent work suggests that some attributes of motility, such as the rhythm of repetitive limb mo...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00393.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breathing frequency increases at the onset of movement in a wide rage of mammals including adult humans. Moreover, the magnitude of increase in the rate of breathing appears related to the rate of the rhythmic movement. We determined whether human infants show the same type of response when supported to step on a trea...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00868.2007
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful motor performance relies on our ability to adapt to changes in the environment by learning novel mappings between motor commands and sensory outcomes. Such adaptation is thought to involve two distinct mechanisms: an implicit, error-based component linked to slow learning and an explicit, strategic componen...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00113.2018
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We observed endocytosis in real time in stimulated frog motor nerve terminals by imaging the growth of large membrane infoldings labeled with a low concentration of FM dye. The spatial and temporal information made available by these experiments allowed us to image several new aspects of this synaptic vesicle recyclin...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00123.2011
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The statistical properties of the bursting potassium channel from fused Torpedo synaptosomes were studied by using patch-clamp recording and time series analysis. 2. Voltage steps produce channel openings; the number of channels opening fluctuates from trial to trial. The maximal current observed in each trial is s...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1992.68.6.2260
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve injury induces a reorganization of subcortical and cortical sensory or motor maps in mammals. A similar process, vestibular plasticity 2 mo after unilateral section of the ramus anterior of N. VIII was examined in this study in adult frogs. The brain was isolated with the branches of both N. VIII attached. Monos...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.6.2643
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experience-dependent modification in the electrical properties of central neurons is a form of intrinsic plasticity that occurs during development and has been observed following behavioral learning. We report a novel form of intrinsic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons mediated by the KV7/KCNQ and CaV1/L...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90346.2008
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We show that fast bimanual coordinative feedback responses can be reversed with changes in task goals. Participants moved a flexible virtual object across a finish line with an upward movement of both hands. In one condition, the middle of the object had to be aligned with a spatial goal at the end of the movement. In...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90887.2008
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In order to investigate the effects of an imbalance in stimulation to the eyes without the confounding influence of continuous deprivation of one eye, we reared cats with unequal alternating monocular exposure (AME) and, for comparison, cats with equal AME. We recorded extracellularly from single cells in area 17 o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1983.49.3.804
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contrast thresholds for detection of stationary and flickering gratings were measured behaviorally for each eye of cats raised with induced convergent strabismus. The performance of the deviating eye was inferior to that of the nondeviating eye when test patterns were stationary. Flicker served to reduce the performan...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1983.50.1.287
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frequent gait modifications are often required to navigate our world. These can involve long or wide steps or changes in direction. People generally prefer to minimize the motor cost (or effort) of a movement, although with changes in gait this is not always possible. The decision of when and where to shift gaze is cr...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00027.2019
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In rats, whisker trimming during development leads to persistent alterations in the function of cortical barrel circuits and to behavioral deficits later in life. Here we examined how whisker trimming begun either at birth (P0) or on postnatal day 12 (P12), around the onset of whisking behavior, affects receptive fiel...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00569.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cutaneous reflexes evoked in the muscles of the arms with electrical stimulation of nerves of the foot ("interlimb reflexes") are observed during walking. These reflexes have been suggested to coordinate the actions of the legs and arms when walking is disturbed. Recently, we showed that cutaneous reflexes evoked in t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00746.2006
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal degeneration (rd) leads to progressive photoreceptor cell death, resulting in vision loss. Stimulation of the inner-retinal neurons by neuroprosthetic implants is one of the clinically approved vision-restoration strategies, providing basic visual percepts to blind patients. However, little is understood as to...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01095.2015
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple studies have demonstrated that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a potent modulator of neuronal structure and function in the hippocampus. However, the majority of studies to date have relied on the application of recombinant BDNF. We herein report that endogenous BDNF, released via theta burst stim...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01140.2009
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00