Abstract:
:We investigated the cellular mechanism underlying presynaptic regulation of olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) input to the mouse olfactory bulb using optical-imaging techniques that selectively report activity in the ORN presynaptic terminal. First, we loaded ORNs with calcium-sensitive dye and imaged stimulus-evoked calcium influx in a slice preparation. Single olfactory nerve shocks evoked rapid fluorescence increases that were largely blocked by the N-type calcium channel blocker omega-conotoxin GVIA. Paired shocks revealed a long-lasting suppression of calcium influx with approximately 40% suppression at 400-ms interstimulus intervals and a recovery time constant of approximately 450 ms. Blocking activation of postsynaptic olfactory bulb neurons with APV/CNQX reduced this suppression. The GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen inhibited calcium influx, whereas GABA(B) antagonists reduced paired-pulse suppression without affecting the response to the conditioning pulse. We also imaged transmitter release directly using a mouse line that expresses synaptopHluorin selectively in ORNs. We found that the relationship between calcium influx and transmitter release was superlinear and that paired-pulse suppression of transmitter release was reduced, but not eliminated, by APV/CNQX and GABA(B) antagonists. These results demonstrate that primary olfactory input to the CNS can be presynaptically regulated by GABAergic interneurons and show that one major intracellular pathway for this regulation is via the suppression of calcium influx through N-type calcium channels in the presynaptic terminal. This mechanism is unique among primary sensory afferents.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Wachowiak M,McGann JP,Heyward PM,Shao Z,Puche AC,Shipley MTdoi
10.1152/jn.00286.2005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-10-01 00:00:00pages
2700-12issue
4eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598pii
00286.2005journal_volume
94pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1. B31 and B32 are pattern-initiator neurons in the buccal ganglia of Aplysia. Along with the B61/B62 neurons, B31/B32 are also motor neurons that innervate the 12 buccal muscle via the I2 nerve. This research was aimed at determining the physiological functions of the B31/B32 and B61/B62 neurons, and of the I2 muscle...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.75.4.1309
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Different muscle targets and transcription factor expression patterns reveal the presence of motor neuron subtypes. However, it is not known whether these subtypes also differ with respect to electrical membrane properties. To address this question, we studied primary motor neurons (PMNs) in the spinal cord of zebrafi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00446.2009
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Visual interneurons tuned to the motion of small objects are found in many animal species and are assumed to be the neuronal basis of figure-ground discrimination by relative motion. A well-examined example is the FD1-cell in the third visual neuropil of blowflies. This cell type responds best to motion of small ob...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.2.329
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recovery of soleus (SOL), gastrocnemius (GAS), and tibialis anterior (TA) electromyographic activity (EMG) after transection and surgical repair of the sciatic nerve was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats using chronically implanted stimulation and recording electrodes. Spontaneous EMG activity in SOL and GAS and dire...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01035.2006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neocortical circuits exhibit a rich dynamic repertoire, and their ability to achieve entrainment (adjustment of their frequency to match the input frequency) is thought to support many cognitive functions and indicate functional flexibility. Although previous studies have explored the influence of various circuit prop...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00401.2019
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on the expression and cellular function of sigma receptors in autonomic neurons were conducted in neonatal rat intracardiac and superior cervical (SCG) ganglia. Individual neurons from SCG and intracardiac ganglia were shown to express transcripts encoding the sigma-1 receptor using single-cell RT-PCR techniqu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.87.6.2867
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human languages can express opposite propositions by means of the negative operator "not," which turns affirmative sentences into negative ones. Psycholinguistic research has indicated that negative meanings are formed by transiently reducing the access to mental representations of negated conceptual information. Neur...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00894.2012
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus, employs biosonar pulses containing broadband frequency-modulated (FM) sounds of only one harmonic during the initial phases of echolocation. Neurons throughout the auditory cortex exhibit delay-dependent facilitation to artificial pulses and echoes at particular echo delays. ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.72.1.366
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The respiratory network of the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), which controls inspiratory behavior, can in normal conditions simultaneously produce two types of inspiration-related rhythmic activities: the eupneic rhythm composed of monophasic, low-amplitude, and relatively high-frequency bursts, interspersed with sig...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1152/jn.00314.2018
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Responses of complex cells in cat striate cortex were studied with flashed light slit stimuli. The responses to slits flashed in different positions in the receptive field were assessed quantitatively before and after periods of prolonged stimulation of one small region of the receptive field. This type of prolonge...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.6.2209
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Intracellular recordings from neostriatal neurons in an in vitro slice preparation of the rat brain were used to analyze the pharmacological sensitivity of the action potential (AP) repolarization and the afterhyperpolarization (AHP) that follows a single action potential. The interspike voltage trajectory and the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1992.68.1.287
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temporal and spatial correlations between auditory and visual stimuli facilitate the perception of unitary events and improve behavioral responses. However, it is not clear how combined visual and auditory information is processed in single neurons. Here we studied responses of multisensory neurons in the barn owl's o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.91193.2008
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years a small number of studies have applied functional imaging techniques to investigate visual responses in the human superior colliculus (SC), but few have investigated its oculomotor functions. Here, in two experiments, we examined activity associated with endogenous saccade preparation. We used 3-T fMRI...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00825.2014
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amygdala plays a crucial role in evaluating the emotional significance of stimuli and in transforming the results of this evaluation into appropriate autonomic responses. Lesion and stimulation studies suggest involvement of the amygdala in the generation of the skin conductance response (SCR), which is an indirec...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.91110.2008
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neuromodulator acetylcholine (ACh) shapes neocortical function during sensory perception, motor control, arousal, attention, learning, and memory. Here we investigate the mechanisms by which ACh affects neocortical pyramidal neurons in adult mice. Stimulation of cholinergic axons activated muscarinic and nicotinic...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00716.2014
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many laboratories have reported the successful regeneration of neurons across damaged portions of the spinal cord. Associated improvements in hindlimb locomotor movements have been attributed to the formation of functional neuronal connections with the locomotor central pattern generator (CPG). However, regenerating a...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00814.2006
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous functional MRI studies reported neural correlates of risk and ambiguity based on behavioral economic theories. A recent study controlled for uncertainty by adding noise to information of an impending aversive event and demonstrated brain areas that did not track the degree of uncertainty: the activation peake...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1152/jn.00406.2009
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The sensory responsiveness of cells in the inferior olive is known to be suppressed during certain phases of active movement. These experiments were designed to test the possibility that activity in the rubrospinal pathway contributes to this suppression. We recorded from cells sensitive to light touch located in o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.64.4.1170
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contrasting theories of visual attention have emphasized selection by spatial location, individual features, and whole objects. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to ask whether and how attention to one feature of an object spreads to other features of the same object. Subjects viewed two spatially superimp...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00828.2012
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cerebellum was historically considered a brain region dedicated to motor control, but it has become clear that it also contributes to sensory processing, particularly when sensory discrimination is required. Prior work, for example, has demonstrated a cerebellar contribution to sensory discrimination in the visual...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00763.2015
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increasing use of transgenic mice for the study of pain mechanisms necessitates comprehensive understanding of the murine somatosensory system. Using an in vivo mouse preparation, we studied response properties of tibial nerve afferent fibers innervating glabrous skin. Recordings were obtained from 225 fibers iden...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.4.1561
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Robust auditory perception plays a pivotal function for processing behaviorally relevant sounds, particularly with distractions from the environment. The neuronal coding enabling this ability, however, is still not well understood. In this study, we recorded single-unit activity from the primary auditory cortex (A1) o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00476.2016
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity patterns in self- and cross-reinnervated flexor digitorum longus (FDL) and soleus (SOL) muscles were examined during natural movements in awake, unrestrained cats in which electromyographic (EMG) electrodes, tendon-force gauges, and muscle-length gauges had been chronically implanted under anesthesia and ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.54.4.852
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The synaptic inputs to sustained OFF-center ganglion cells of the mudpuppy retina were studied using a superfused retina-eye-cup preparation. Intra- and extracellular electrophysiological recording techniques were carried out during bath application of 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB), a glutamate analog that sele...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1988.60.3.1122
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a cell-based model of the Limulus lateral eye that computes the eye's input to the brain in response to any specified scene. Based on the results of extensive physiological studies, the model simulates the optical sampling of visual space by the array of retinal receptors (ommatidia), the transduction of li...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.4.1800
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well accepted that pain is a multidimensional experience, but little is known of how the brain represents these dimensions. We used positron emission tomography (PET) to indirectly measure pain-evoked cerebral activity before and after hypnotic suggestions were given to modulate the perceived intensity of a pain...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.86.1.402
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saccade adaptation is a mechanism that adjusts saccade landing positions if they systematically fail to reach their intended target. In the laboratory, saccades can be shortened or lengthened if the saccade target is displaced during execution of the saccade. In this study, saccades were performed from different posit...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00743.2012
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that, typically, saccadic eye movements precede goal-directed hand movements to a visual target stimulus. Also pointing in general is more accurate when the pointing target is gazed at. In this study, it is hypothesized that saccades are not only preceding pointing but that gaze also is stabilized dur...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.2.639
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) have been linked to schizophrenia because agents that bind the receptor, like ketamine and phencyclidine, are capable of inducing schizophrenia-like symptoms. Here we show that the amino acid homocysteine (HCY), which is increased in the blood of schizophrenia patients, reduces ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00809.2012
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::When identical stimuli are presented in rapid temporal succession, neural responses to the second stimulation are often weaker than those observed for the first. This phenomenon is termed sensory gating and is believed to be an adaptive feature that helps prevent higher-order cortical centers from being flooded with u...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00260.2017
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00