Abstract:
:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common neurological disorders causing memory reduction, particularly short-term memory (STM). We showed that, during TBI-induced inflammation, increased blood content of fibrinogen (Fg) enhanced vascular protein transcytosis and deposition of extravasated Fg in vasculo-astrocyte interfaces. In addition, we found that deposition of cellular prion protein (PrPC) was also increased in the vasculo-astrocyte endfeet interface. However, association of Fg and PrPC was not confirmed. Presently, we aimed to define whether Fg can associate with PrPC on astrocytes and cause their activation. Cultured mouse brain astrocytes were treated with medium alone (control), Fg (2 mg/mL or 4 mg/mL), 4 mg/mL of Fg in the presence of a function-blocking anti-PrPC peptide or anti-mouse IgG, function-blocking anti-PrPC peptide, or anti-mouse IgG alone. After treatment, either cell lysates were collected and analyzed via Western blot or coimmunoprecipitation was performed, or astrocytes were fixed and their activation was assessed with immunohistochemistry. Results showed that Fg dose-dependently activated astrocytes, increased expressions of PrPC and tyrosine (tropomyosin) receptor kinase B (TrkB), and PrP gene. Blocking the function of PrPC reduced these effects. Coimmunoprecipitation demonstrated Fg and PrPC association. Since it is known that prion protein has a greater effect on memory reduction than amyloid beta, and that activation of TrkB is involved in neurodegeneration, our findings confirming the possible formation of Fg-PrPC and Fg-induced overexpression of TrkB on astrocytes suggest a possible triggering mechanism for STM reduction that was seen previously during mild-to-moderate TBI.NEW & NOTEWORTHY For the first time we showed that fibrinogen (Fg) can associate with cellular prion protein (PrPC) on the surface of cultured mouse brain astrocytes. At high levels, Fg causes upregulation of astrocyte PrPC and astrocyte activation accompanied with overexpression of tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB), which results in nitric oxide (NO) production and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Fg/PrPC interaction can be a triggering mechanism for TrkB-NO-ROS axis activation and the resultant astrocyte-mediated neurodegeneration.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Charkviani M,Muradashvili N,Sulimai N,Lominadze Ddoi
10.1152/jn.00224.2020subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-08-01 00:00:00pages
536-543issue
2eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
124pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Frequent gait modifications are often required to navigate our world. These can involve long or wide steps or changes in direction. People generally prefer to minimize the motor cost (or effort) of a movement, although with changes in gait this is not always possible. The decision of when and where to shift gaze is cr...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00027.2019
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Optogenetics combines optics and genetics to control neuronal activity with cell-type specificity and millisecond temporal precision. Its use in model organisms such as rodents, Drosophila, and Caenorhabditis elegans is now well-established. However, application of this technology in nonhuman primates (NHPs) has been ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00153.2013
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. In four human subjects, we measured the latency of saccadic eye movements made to a second, eccentric target after an initial, foveated target was extinguished. In separate interleaved trails, the targets were either both stationary ("fixation") or both moving with the same velocity ("pursuit"). For both fixation a...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.6.4175
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in recording and computing hardware have enabled laboratories to record the electrical activity of multiple brain regions simultaneously. Lagging behind these technical advances, however, are the methods needed to rapidly produce microdrives and head-caps that can flexibly accommodate different recordi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00955.2014
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abstract::Noninvasive alternating current stimulation can induce vision restoration in patients with chronic optic nerve damage and results in electroencephalogram (EEG) aftereffects. To better understand the mechanisms of action, we studied such EEG "aftereffects" of transcorneal alternating current stimulation (tACS) at the c...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00341.2012
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detection and discrimination of odors generally, if not always, occurs against an odorous background. On any given inhalation, olfactory receptor neurons will be activated by features of both the target odorant and features of background stimuli. To identify a target odorant against a background therefore, the olfacto...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00812.2005
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The forebrain plays an important role in many aspects of sound localization behavior. Yet, the forebrain pathway that processes auditory spatial information is not known for any species. Using standard anatomic labeling techniques, we used a "top-down" approach to trace the flow of auditory spatial information from an...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.891
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The macaque middle temporal area (MT) is exquisitely sensitive to visual motion and there is a large amount of evidence that neural activity in MT is tightly correlated with the perception of motion. The mechanisms by which MT neurons achieve their directional selectivity, however, have received considerably less atte...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00473.2004
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonists increase the excitability of hippocampal CAl pyramidal neurons via depression of the postspike afterhyperpolarization. In adult rats, this is mediated by both mGluR1 and -5, but the signal transduction processes involved are unknown. In this study, we investigat...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01236.2003
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00169.2020
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotine evokes pain in the skin and oral mucosa and excites a subpopulation of cutaneous nociceptors, but little is known about the central transmission of chemogenic pain. We have investigated the responses of lumbar spinal wide dynamic range (WDR)-type dorsal horn neurons to intracutaneous (ic) microinjection of ni...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.6.3046
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Action potential firing rates are generally limited by the refractory period, which depends on the recovery from inactivation of voltage-gated Na channels. In cerebellar Purkinje neurons, the kinetics of Na channels appear specialized for rapid firing. Upon depolarization, an endogenous open-channel blocker rapidly te...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00261.2004
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We studied the effect of temporarily inhibiting neurons in the caudal fastigial nucleus in two rhesus macaques trained to make saccades to jumping targets. We placed injections of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist muscimol unilaterally or bilaterally at sites in the caudal fastigial nucleus where we had re...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.1741
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our continuous perception of the world could be the result of discrete sampling, where individual snapshots are seamlessly fused into a coherent stream. It has been argued that endogenous oscillatory brain activity could provide the functional substrate of cortical rhythmic sampling. A new study demonstrates that cort...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00810.2017
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Buffering of glutamate-induced Ca2+ loads in single rat hippocampal neurons grown in primary culture was studied with ratiometric fluorescent Ca2+ indicators. The hypothesis that mitochondria buffer the large Ca2+ loads elicited by glutamate was tested. 2. The relationship between glutamate concentration and the re...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.3.1611
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following stepping in-place on the surface of a rotating circular treadmill, a subject attempting to step in-place or walk in a straight line across the floor without vision will rotate relative to space. This adaptation, termed podokinetic after-rotation (PKAR), transfers to backward walking following forward walking...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00588.2001
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral performance in detection and discrimination tasks is likely to be limited by the quality and nature of the signals carried by populations of neurons in early sensory cortical areas. Here we used voltage-sensitive dye imaging (VSDI) to directly measure neural population responses in the primary visual cortex...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00698.2007
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory-driven behaviors engage a cascade of cortical regions to process sensory input and generate motor output. To investigate the temporal dynamics of neural activity at this global scale, we have improved and integrated tools to perform functional imaging across large areas of cortex using a transgenic mouse expre...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01056.2015
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously showed that, when observers watch an actor performing a predictable block-stacking task, the coordination between the observer's gaze and the actor's hand is similar to the coordination between the actor's gaze and hand. Both the observer and the actor direct gaze to forthcoming grasp and block landing s...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00227.2006
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1983.50.1.287
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01119.2011
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00362.2014
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1989.62.1.162
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00218.2011
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1992.68.4.1421
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Microelectrodes filled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were inserted in the superior colliculus (SC) of alert squirrel monkeys. Spontaneous eye movements were monitored in the dark during recording and intraaxonal injection of fibers carrying presaccadic signals. 2. Analysis of the relationship between neuronal a...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1988.60.1.263
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00