Abstract:
:In a sample of 163 college undergraduates, the effects of task demand, noise, and anxiety on Continuous Performance Test (CPT) errors were evaluated with multiple regression and multivariate analysis of variance. Results indicated significantly more omission errors on the difficult task. Complex interaction effects of noise and self-reported anxiety yielded more omissions in quiet intermittent white noise, particularly for high-anxious subjects performing the difficult task. Anxiety levels tended to increase from pretest to posttest, particularly for low-anxious subjects in the quiet, difficult-task condition, while a decrease was seen for high-anxious subjects in the loud, easy-task condition. Commission errors were unrelated to any predictor variables, suggesting that "attention" cannot be considered a unitary phenomenon. The variety of direct and interactive effects on vigilance performance underscore the need for clinicians to use a variety of measures to assess attentional skills, to avoid diagnosis of attention deficits on the basis of a single computerized task performance, and to rule out anxiety and other contributors to poor vigilance task performance.
journal_name
J Clin Exp Neuropsycholjournal_title
Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychologyauthors
Ballard JCdoi
10.1080/01688639608408308subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-12-01 00:00:00pages
864-82issue
6eissn
1380-3395issn
1744-411Xjournal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The standardization sample from the WMS-III (weighted N = 1250) (The Psychological Corporation, 1997; Tulsky & Ledbetter, 2000), which varied in age from 16 to 89, was used to determine whether storage of verbal and spatial information was affected by normal aging. A previous study with the same sample using an analys...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390490496678
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study used an electrophysiological measurement operation to investigate lateralized processing deficits associated with academic learning-disability subtypes. Fast frequency EEG activity in the 36-44 hertz (Hz) band was recorded from reading-disabled (RLD), arithmetic-disabled (ALD), and nondisabled control child...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639208402857
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Impairments in information processing speed are common in multiple sclerosis (MS), with affected individuals demonstrating slower responses and more intraindividual variability (IIV) in their performance on timed tasks. Evidence suggesting that IIV provides novel information about cognitive deficits in MS is...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2014.903898
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative condition with prominent motor (including oculomotor), cognitive, and psychiatric effects. While neuropsychological deficits are present in HD, motor impairments may impact performance on neuropsychological measures, especially those requiring a speeded response, as has b...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2015.1101054
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with eating disorders favor immediate gratification and ignore long-term negative consequences. This study investigated decision making in bulimia nervosa using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and skin conductance responses (SCR). METHOD:A total of 26 bulimia nervosa patients and 51 healthy controls t...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390802251378
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated subclinical mental and motor slowing in 142 HIV-seropositive patients without dementia, using computerized simple and choice reaction time tasks and self-report measures of psychological distress. Patients on antiretroviral therapy at the time of testing (n = 79) had significantly faster choice reaction t...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.21.5.730.867
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropsychological (NP) impairment is multiply determined among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals who are also dually diagnosed with depression and who use illicit substances. The purpose of the present study was to assess the impact of HIV status, depression, and problematic substance use on NP performance....
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390903313572
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of 30 five- to eight-year-old hydrocephalic children was administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. As a group, they displayed a pattern of lower PIQ than VIQ. Their performance was within the average range of many neuropsychological tests, but they performed poorly on some measures of c...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639108401075
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 32-item test of right/left orientation was administered to 360 normal children, aged 5 to 13 years. The distribution of scores was tested to determine if parametric descriptive statistics were appropriate. As the distribution was multimodal, the test of normality was rejected. The three modes were consistent with a ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639008400993
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The validity of two malingering tests, the newly developed Amsterdam Short-Term Memory (ASTM) test and the Distraction test (Baker, Hanley, Jackson, Kimmance, & Slade, 1993) was examined in a group of patients with closed-head injury (CHI), a normal control group, and a control group with instruction to feign memory d...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639708403835
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency and characteristics of apraxia in 63 stroke patients with left- or right-hemisphere damage were examined. Analyses focussing on five dimensions of gestural performance revealed an overall frequency of apraxia of 54% in patients with LHD and 30% in patients with RHD. Although both groups were impaired on ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.20.5.628.1128
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) is a widely used measure of verbal learning and memory; however, there is little empirical evidence about the effects of the administration procedure on the test results. The primary goal of this study was to examine the effect of the semantic cuing condition on subsequent fr...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/1380-3395(200010)22:5;1-9;FT649
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::After a review of Arthur Benton's conceptual and methodological contributions to the understanding of normal and pathological development, we discuss agenesis of the corpus callosum (CC), criteria for potential neuroanatomical compensatory mechanisms in CC agenesis, and the results of an examination of magnetic resona...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803390802209954
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the National Adult Reading Test (NART) is widely used to estimate premorbid intellectual ability in adults with possible or probable dementia, it may be less resilient to the progress of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) than was initially assumed. This paper reports performance at four annual assessments of 78 people...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/1380-3395(200008)22:4;1-0;FT508
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) performance was investigated in patients with complex partial seizures (CPS) of dominant (n = 16) or nondominant (n = 19) temporal-lobe origin as well as in an epilepsy control group (n = 6) which consisted largely of patients with primary generalized epilepsies. Fifty seven percent ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688638808408253
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tonic alertness was investigated in Alzheimer patients and normal elderly subjects. Sensitivity and criterion shifts were investigated across 45 min of continuous testing using a high event rate test with very low target probability. Alzheimer patients showed a significant sensitivity decrement over time that was unre...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639408402698
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Impairments in visual search are a common symptom in visuospatial neglect (VSN). The severity of the lateralized attention bias in visual search tasks can vary depending on the number of distractors: the more distractors, the more targets are missed. However, little is known about how the number of targets...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2020.1840520
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to validate the CogState Brief Battery, which assesses psychomotor, attentional, working memory, and visual learning functions, in healthy older people and in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), enrolled in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifesty...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2011.643227
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The cognitive reserve (CR) hypothesis attempts to explain the discrepancy between brain damage and clinical manifestations in neurodegenerative diseases. Recently the concept of CR was applied to the multiple sclerosis (MS) model. Our aim is to investigate the impact of demographic and clinical variables o...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2016.1200538
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the neural basis and cognitive mechanisms of disorders affecting the visual processing of human faces. Two patients affected by prosopagnosia (PA), 45 unilateral brain-damaged patients not previously selected for gnosic disturbance, and 52 normal subjects were administered three tasks involving...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639508405159
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mailed questionnaire, sent routinely to discharged stroke patients, divided left-hemisphere (n = 68) and right-hemisphere (n = 77) patients into three groups of general help dependency in basic activities-of-daily-life skills. A subsample of 29 patients was visited at home and asked to reanswer the questionnaire und...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688638808408245
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although recognized as one of the most common hereditary diseases of the nervous system, the neuropsychological deficits in Friedreich's ataxia (FA) have rarely been studied. A protocol was constructed to assess the major cognitive areas in patients with FA and pair-matched normal controls. Motor difficulties, dysarth...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.24.5.677.1014
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the sensitivity and specificity of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) as a measure of frontal lobe damage in 91 subjects with stable focal brain lesions. Anatomical information about the location and extent of brain damage was obtained from MR and CT transparencies. No significant differences in WCST p...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639108405107
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The course of decline was studied in 16 patients with probable or definite dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) over 2.7 to 6.8 years from first to last evaluation. Overall severity of dementia was measured with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), the Dementia Rating Scale (DRS), and the Mini-Mental State Ex...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688639208402846
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subjective recall of symptoms among nonlitigants with closed-head and back injuries and non-injured participants with high and low levels of life stressors was evaluated. All participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Brief Symptom Inventory, and a symptom checklist. Recall of symptoms by participants wit...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.20.3.328.813
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the progression of neuropsychologic and metabolic changes in the early stages of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), we studied 11 midly demented patients longitudinally. Three aspects of neuropsychological function were measured: memory, attention to complex sets and abstract reasoning, and lateralized f...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01688638808402796
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The research of Herbert Birch and colleagues, conducted 30 years ago in a rural area of Guatemala, called attention to the permanent noxious effects on cognitive development associated with conditions of poverty. Half of the world's population, including millions of persons in the United States, are still afflicted by...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/01688639508405140
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Payne and Jones (1957) presented a useful formula for estimating the abnormality of differences between an individual's scores on two tests. Extending earlier work by Sokal and Rohlf (1995) and Crawford and Howell (in press), we developed a modified paired samples t test as an alternative to this formula. Unlike the P...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1076/jcen.20.6.898.1112
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnostic validity of new demographically corrected WAIS-III norms was investigated using a sample of 100 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and a matched control group from the standardization sample. Demographically corrected norms were compared to traditional age-corrected norms. Although education acc...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/13803390490919155
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) is a popular measure of visuospatial and executive functioning. Clinical interpretations of RCFT performance are partly based on how an individual approaches the task with piecemeal organization often considered indicative of impairment. This is despite little previous re...
journal_title:Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13803395.2015.1075473
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00