Abstract:
:Numerous RNA viruses generate subgenomic mRNAs (sgRNAs) for expression of their 3'-proximal genes. A major step in control of viral gene expression is the regulation of sgRNA synthesis by specific promoter elements. We used barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) as a model system to study transcriptional control in a virus with multiple sgRNAs. BYDV generates three sgRNAs during infection. The sgRNA1 promoter has been mapped previously to a 98-nucleotide (nt) region which forms two stem-loop structures. It was determined that sgRNA1 is not required for BYDV RNA replication in oat protoplasts. In this study, we show that neither sgRNA2 nor sgRNA3 is required for BYDV RNA replication. The promoters for sgRNA2 and sgRNA3 synthesis were mapped by using deletion mutagenesis. The minimal sgRNA2 promoter is approximately 143 nt long (nt 4810 to 4952) and is located immediately downstream of the putative sgRNA2 start site (nt 4809). The minimal sgRNA3 core promoter is 44 nt long (nt 5345 to 5388), with most of the sequence located downstream of sgRNA3 start site (nt 5348). For both promoters, additional sequences upstream of the start site enhanced sgRNA promoter activity. These promoters contrast to the sgRNA1 promoter, in which almost all of the promoter is located upstream of the transcription initiation site. Comparison of RNA sequences and computer-predicted secondary structures revealed little or no homology between the three sgRNA promoter elements. Thus, a small RNA virus with multiple sgRNAs can have very different subgenomic promoters, which implies a complex system for promoter recognition and regulation of subgenomic RNA synthesis.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Koev G,Miller WAdoi
10.1128/jvi.74.13.5988-5996.2000subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-07-01 00:00:00pages
5988-96issue
13eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract:UNLABELLED:Cavally virus (CavV) and related viruses in the family Mesoniviridae diverged profoundly from other nidovirus lineages but largely retained the characteristic set of replicative enzymes conserved in the Coronaviridae and Roniviridae. The expression of these enzymes in virus-infected cells requires the extens...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02040-14
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate-early 2 (IE2) transactivator has previously been shown to form intranuclear, dot-like accumulations in association with subnuclear structures known as promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) nuclear bodies or ND10. We recently observed that IE2 can form dot-like structures even ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01009-07
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02476-06
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.13.5778-5795.2001
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Echovirus 1 (EV1) is a human pathogen which belongs to the Picornaviridae family of RNA viruses. We have analyzed the early events of infection after EV1 binding to its receptor alpha 2 beta 1 integrin and elucidated the route by which EV1 gains access to the host cell. EV1 binding onto the cell surface and subsequent...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.53.1.120-127.1985
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00536-07
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.10.5914-5923.1992
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.71.8.5742-5749.1997
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.62.11.4398-4402.1988
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01717-19
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.43.3.772-777.1982
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.03043-15
更新日期:2016-01-06 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.70.2.1191-1202.1996
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.15.6725-6733.2000
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.05809-11
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.62.12.4439-4444.1988
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis A virus (HAV) 3C proteinase expressed in Escherichia coli was purified to homogeneity, and its cleavage specificity towards various parts of the viral polyprotein was analyzed. Intermolecular cleavage of the P2-P3 domain of the HAV polyprotein gave rise to proteins 2A, 2B, 2C, 3ABC, and 3D, suggesting that i...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.69.3.1727-1733.1995
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.16.8917-8921.2004
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.30.1.116-123.1979
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02599-07
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mosquito-transmitted dengue virus (DENV) infects millions of people in tropical and subtropical regions. Maturation of DENV particles requires proper cleavage of the viral polyprotein, including processing of 8 of the 13 substrate cleavage sites by dengue virus NS2B/NS3 protease. With no available direct-acting an...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00045-17
更新日期:2017-04-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.1.245-257.2003
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::As viruses are reliant upon their host cell to serve as proper environments for their replication, many have evolved mechanisms to alter intracellular conditions to suit their own needs. For example, human cytomegalovirus induces quiescent cells to enter the cell cycle and then arrests them in late G(1), before they e...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.6.3451-3459.2003
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteroviral persistence has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic human diseases, including dilated cardiomyopathy, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and chronic inflammatory myopathy. However, these viruses are considered highly cytolytic, and it is unclear what mechanisms might permit their long-...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.9.4430-4440.2002
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Control of HIV-1 replication following nonsterilizing HIV-1 vaccination could be achieved by vaccine-elicited CD8(+) T-cell-mediated antiviral activity. To date, neither the functional nor the phenotypic profiles of CD8(+) T cells capable of this activity are clearly understood; consequently, little is known regarding...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00138-10
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse-hamster somatic cell hybrids were used to show that the recombinant mink cell focus-forming murine leukemia viruses and their ecotropic virus progenitors require different mouse chromosomes for replication. Mouse chromosome 1 was shown to carry the genetic information necessary for the replication of six differe...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.48.1.300-303.1983
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein H (HSV-1 gH) was synthesized in an inducible mammalian cell expression system, and its properties were examined. The gH coding sequence, together with the stable 5' untranslated leader sequence from xenopus beta-globin, was placed under control of the strong promoter from the h...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.11.4744-4755.1989
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Foamy viruses (FVs) are the least known retroviruses commonly found in primates, cats, horses, and cattle. Although FVs are considered apathogenic, simian and feline FVs have been shown to be associated with some transient health abnormalities in animal models. Currently, data regarding the course of infection with bo...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02447-12
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00