Selective distal splenorenal shunt for bleeding esophageal varices.

abstract：:New insights into atherosclerosis, the most common disease affecting coronary arteries, may change therapeutic strategies from largely symptomatic to causal. Atherosclerotic plaques contain a lipid-related, immune-mediated inflammation, with release of secretory products capable of changing plaque morphology. Plaques ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Becker AE,de Boer OJ,van Der Wal AC

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IgG subclasses represent distinct immunoglobulin types, each defined by unique primary structures of the constant region of the heavy-chain molecule, and each with characteristic biological and functional properties. New methods and reagents to measure serum concentrations have contributed to the study of the ontogeny...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Ochs HD,Wedgwood RJ

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis E has a worldwide distribution and causes substantial morbidity and mortality in some developing countries, particularly among pregnant women. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has recently been cloned and sequenced and new diagnostic tests have been developed; these tests have been used to begin to characterize the n...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Mast EE,Krawczynski K

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The HIV Prevention Trials Network 052 study (HPTN 052) was a clinical trial designed to determine whether early treatment for HIV infection prevented transmission of the virus in couples where one partner was infected with HIV and the other was not, referred to as HIV serodiscordant or serodifferent couples. The study...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Cohen MS,Gamble T,McCauley M

更新日期：2020-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The foregoing summarizes what can be learned from a carefully performed antiglobulin test using specific antisera. Clinical syndromes can be more easily considered, and mechanisms of destruction can be more certainly discerned. ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Rosse WF

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute myocardial infarction is caused by coronary thrombosis on an ulcerated atheroma. We now believe that the predominant cause of this intimal disruption is the rupture of the atheroma through the intimal surface, caused by enzymes released by activated macrophages. The subsequent clinical course following atheroma ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Forrester JS,Litvack F,Grundfest W

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is an acute episode of overwhelming inflammation characterized by activation and expansion of T lymphocytes and hemophagocytic macrophages. In rheumatology, it occurs most frequently in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) and systemic lupus erythematosus. Th...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Schulert GS,Grom AA

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclosporine-A is primary therapy for organ transplantation. Its immunosuppressive effect might suggest a therapeutic role in autoimmune diseases, including several idiopathic and secondary glomerular conditions. Various forms of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), minim...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Klein M,Radhakrishnan J,Appel G

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) are best classified as typical or atypical. The distinction is based solely on their ability to cause extrapyramidal side effects (EPS), including tardive dyskinesia (TD). The two classes differ in mechanism of action, with atypical APDs providing important modulation of serotonergic neurotr...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Meltzer HY

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2012, a zoonotic coronavirus was identified as the causative agent of Middle East respiratory syndrome and was named MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV). As of August 11, 2016, the virus has infected 1,791 patients, with a mortality rate of 35.6%. Although MERS-CoV generally causes subclinical or mild disease, infection ca...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Fehr AR,Channappanavar R,Perlman S

更新日期：2017-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Precision medicine was conceptualized on the strength of genomic sequence analysis. High-throughput functional metrics have enhanced sequence interpretation and clinical precision. These technologies include metabolomics, magnetic resonance imaging, and I rhythm (cardiac monitoring), among others. These technologies a...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Caskey T

更新日期：2018-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Heart transplantation has evolved over the past 30 years into a mainstay of therapy for heart failure patients. As the surgical technique and basic immunology were defined, heart transplantation became a real therapeutic option. Over the next few decades, thoracic transplant teams at Stanford University and other inst...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Miniati DN,Robbins RC

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile infection is associated with broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and is the most common cause of infectious diarrhea in hospital patients. Pathogenic strains of C. difficile produce two protein exotoxins, toxin A and toxin B, which cause colonic mucosal injury and inflammation. Infection may be asy...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Kelly CP,LaMont JT

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a syndrome seen in patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. It is characterized by chronic colonization of the airways with a ubiquitous fungus, Aspergillus fumigatus. The clinical expression of ABPA results from the complex interaction of chronic colonization of the ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Cockrill BA,Hales CA

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) consists of diverse clinical interventions that are practiced because of their popularity rather than the prior demonstration of safety and efficacy required for conventional agents. CAM therapies can be grouped into five categories: biologically based therapies, manipulati...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Berman JD,Straus SE

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The National Diabetes Data Group and the World Health Organization recently made recommendations concerning the classification of diabetes mellitus and proposed new diagnostic criteria. These recommendations are summarized and their bases elucidated. Certain discrepancies between the recommendations are apparent and t...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Bennett PH

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD), once a rare affliction believed to be mainly caused by genetic mutations, has become a global pandemic that severely diminishes the quality of life for millions. Despite the changing face of CKD, treatment options and resources remain woefully antiquated and have failed to arr...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Reiser J,Sever S

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is clear from the preceding material that bacterial infection is a significant threat to the newborn infant. The most common gram-negative organism causing meningitis in the neonate is E. coli, and the invasive capacity of this organism is correlated with its polysaccharide antigen, K1. Careful studies of supportiv...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Wilfert CM

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Volume reduction surgery is based on the removal of volume-occupying but nonfunctioning emphysematous lung, which is thought to improve pulmonary elastic recoil. The reduction in thoracic volume may also improve thoracic cage and inspiratory muscle function. In addition, dyspnea is lessened, exercise tolerance is incr...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Lefrak SS,Yusen RD,Trulock EP,Pohl MS,Patterson A,Cooper JD

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CCR5 antagonists inhibit HIV-1 entry by blocking the interaction of HIV-1 with the CCR5 cellular receptor. In patients with established HIV-1 infection, some viral strains use an alternative coreceptor for HIV-1 entry, CXCR4; CCR5 antagonists are not effective in patients harboring these viral strains. Coreceptor trop...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Wilkin TJ,Gulick RM

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although safe and effective agents are currently available to treat osteoporosis, fragility fractures remain a significant problem worldwide. Recent improvements in the understanding of the cellular, biochemical, and molecular pathways of bone biology have led to the development of newer agents to treat osteoporosis, ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Silva BC,Bilezikian JP

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid cancer is rapidly increasing in incidence, but the mortality rate remains flat. Debate has arisen over the need to detect or treat most thyroid cancers early, given their favorable natural history. The appropriate extent of surgery for thyroid cancer is also controversial: some researchers advocate partial and...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Carling T,Udelsman R

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GnRH and its analogues have led to exciting new avenues of therapy in virtually every subspecialty of internal medicine as well as in gynecology, pediatrics, and urology. Since their discovery in 1971, it has been demonstrated that GnRH and its analogues enable medical professionals to influence the hypothalamic-pitui...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Conn PM,Crowley WF Jr

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a recently recognized autosomal-recessive trait characterized by recurrent bacterial infections, impaired pus formation and wound healing, and abnormalities in a wide spectrum of adherence-dependent functions of granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphoid cells. Features of this diseas...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Anderson DC,Springer TA

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parallel and often unrelated developments in health care and technology have all been necessary to bring about early detection of lung cancer and the opportunity to decrease mortality from lung cancer through early detection of the disease by computed tomography. Lung cancer screening programs provide education for pa...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Jacobson FL,Jaklitsch MT

更新日期：2018-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasive electrophysiologic studies are used to guide drug and non-pharmacologic therapy, including surgery, in patients with ventricular tachycardia. We discuss the indications, methods, and results of electrophysiologic studies in these patients. Both catheter and intraoperative studies are described. This approach ...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Freedman RA,Anderson KP,Mason JW

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is well established as a treatment for patients with moderate to severe heart failure on optimal medical therapy. Early studies demonstrated improved functional capacity and evidence of reverse remodeling; more recently, CRT has been associated with a survival benefit in advance...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Hasan A,Abraham WT

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is now well recognized that the atherosclerotic plaques responsible for thrombus formation are not necessarily those that impinge most on the lumen of the vessel. Nevertheless, clinical investigations for atherosclerosis still focus on quantifying the degree of stenosis caused by plaques. Many of the features assoc...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Owen DR,Lindsay AC,Choudhury RP,Fayad ZA

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Highly specialized mechanisms are required for transporting cobalamin (vitamin B12) into and out of mammalian cells. This review describes the key role of the cobalamin-binding proteins in meeting the stringent requirements for transport of this essential nutrient. Also summarized are the various defects capable of im...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Kapadia CR,Donaldson RM Jr

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Racial and ethnic disparities span the continuum of cancer care and are driven by a complex interplay among social, psychosocial, lifestyle, environmental, health system, and biological determinants of health. Research is needed to identify these determinants of cancer health disparities and to develop interventions t...

journal_title：Annual review of medicine

authors： Freedman JA,Al Abo M,Allen TA,Piwarski SA,Wegermann K,Patierno SR

更新日期：2021-01-27 00:00:00