Abstract:
:Prenatal cocaine or nicotine exposure is associated with a variety of teratogenic effects. The current study was conducted to determine their effects alone and in combination on cognitive function and sexual differentiation. Pregnant Long-Evans rats (N = 19) were exposed to either cocaine (15 mg/kg/dose b.i.d. SC on GD 8-20); nicotine (4 mg/kg/day continuous SC infusion on GD 4-20); both nicotine + cocaine; or vehicle only. Birth weight and anogenital distance (AGD) were measured in all pups at birth. Learning and memory were tested in the Morris water maze (MWM) during prepubertal and pubertal ages in five daily consecutive sessions and a sixth session 1 week later and in the radial-arm maze (RAM) during adulthood. In the RAM, a drug challenge of the beta-noradrenergic antagonist propranolol (10-20 mg/kg) was given after acquisition training. Maternal weight gain was reduced 13-42% and offspring birth weight was reduced by 7-12% in all three exposure groups compared to controls. Cocaine decreased the AGD of males (2.68 mm) compared to 2.88 mm in noncocaine-exposed male pups (p < 0.025). A sex-selective cocaine effect was also seen after adjustment of AGD measurements for body weight. With this measure cocaine-treated females showed significantly (p < 0.05) greater AGD than those not exposed to cocaine. In the MWM, there were two types of trials: cued reference memory trials and uncued spatial working memory trials. On cued reference memory trials significant cocaine-induced latency deficits were seen on only the first session. On spatial working memory trials cocaine-induced latency deficits were seen throughout daily training on sessions 1-5, but not the retention session 6, 1 week later. During RAM acquisition, there were no significant differences in choice accuracy between exposure groups. Following propranolol challenge, deficits in choice accuracy were demonstrated in rats prenatally exposed to cocaine or nicotine. These rats did not show any response to propranolol, whereas the controls slightly improved their choice accuracy. The results of this study indicated that prenatal cocaine exposure altered long-term cognitive function under basal conditions in the MWM and drug challenge in the RAM, birth weight, and genital development. Cocaine-induced cognitive deficits were predominately in working memory rather than reference memory or long-term retention. Prenatal nicotine exposure was only observed to alter birth weight and cognitive function in response to propranolol challenge in the RAM.
journal_name
Neurotoxicol Teratoljournal_title
Neurotoxicology and teratologyauthors
Cutler AR,Wilkerson AE,Gingras JL,Levin EDdoi
10.1016/s0892-0362(96)00125-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-11-01 00:00:00pages
635-43issue
6eissn
0892-0362issn
1872-9738pii
S0892-0362(96)00125-0journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C), a cytidine analogue cytotoxic to proliferating cells, has a teratogenic effect in the brain of experimental animals and causes neural cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, pregnant rats were injected with Ara-C on Day 13 of gestation and the fetal brain w...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2004.03.010
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) is widespread, including pregnant women and young children with whom developmental neurotoxic risk is a concern. Given similarities of OPFRs to organophosphate (OP) pesticides, research into the possible neurotoxic impacts of developmental OPFR exposure has be...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2018.03.002
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We have previously reported the inverse associations between in utero levels of lead (Pb), arsenic (As) (i.e., toxic elements), and neurodevelopmental indicators (i.e., motor and state regulation cluster score) measured by the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, third edition (NBAS III) in this c...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2013.12.006
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We hypothesized that prenatal cocaine exposure results in less optimal infant behavior and more impaired maternal-infant interaction in healthy term infants. Infants were evaluated with the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) at days 1-3 and 11-30 of age, and mother-infant pairs with the Nursing Child Assessme...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(91)90015-o
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanol alters the homeostasis between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters and its intoxication reveals adenosine as responsible to modify several responses including signal transduction. Zebrafish has been recently investigated for knowledge the prolonged effect of ethanol on behavioral and biochemical parame...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2017.11.001
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Computer competition analysis of 3H-DHA (3H-dihydroalprenolol, a nonselective beta-adrenergic radioligand) binding in the presence of unlabeled metoprolol (a beta 1-selective antagonist) indicates the existence of both beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes in the rat placenta and confirms previous reports th...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(91)90026-s
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three experimental groups and one control group of Long-Evans rats were used to study the combined effects of toluene and ethanol on auditory function. The first experimental group was exposed to toluene vapors (1750 ppm, 6 h/day, 5 days/week, 4 weeks), the second one was daily gavaged with a saline solution of ethano...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00093-7
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Response variability across the lifespan is an important consideration in toxicology and risk assessment, and the toxic effects of drugs and chemicals during adolescence need more research. This paper summarizes a workshop presented in March 2019, at the Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting in Baltimore, Maryland, tha...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106916
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cortical thickness abnormalities have been identified in youth using both alcohol and marijuana. However, limited studies have followed individuals pre- and post initiation of alcohol and marijuana use to help identify to what extent discrepancies in structural brain integrity are pre-existing or substance-related. Ad...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2016.09.005
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Epidemiological studies examining the effects of prenatal toxic heavy metals exposure on neonatal development at the population-based level are limited. OBJECTIVE:To explore prenatal exposure levels to toxic heavy metals and examine whether exposure is associated with neonatal development. METHODS:A strati...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2011.05.010
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the effects of chronic postweaning lead (Pb) exposure in Long-Evans rats on a series of spatial alternation tasks. All tasks were administered in automated testing chambers, with a nosepoke as the critical response. While neither Pb-exposed group (median blood lead levels: 19 and 39 micrograms/dl, ...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(95)02026-8
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal smoking during pregnancy greatly enhances perinatal morbidity/mortality and is the major risk factor for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Studies in developing rodents indicate that nicotine is a neuroteratogen that targets monoamine pathways involved in the responses to hypoxia that are in turn, hypothes...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2011.02.001
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have utilized a mouse model of transplacental cocaine exposure to investigate the effects of cocaine dose and gestational timing in altering brain and body growth and postnatal behavior in exposed offspring. Pregnant dams were injected with cocaine HCl at 40 mg/kg/day (COC 40) or 20 mg/kg/day (COC 20), or 10 mg/kg/...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00127-x
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most epileptic women delivering children each year take anticonvulsants throughout pregnancy. The teratogenic potential of anticonvulsants is most notable for phenytoin, trimethadione, valproic acid, and carbamazepine. This review focuses on the human and animal evidence for the teratogenicity of phenytoin, with empha...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(90)90092-q
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylphenidate (MPH) is a psychostimulant commonly used for the treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Since the long-term effects of this drug on the central nervous system (CNS) are not well understood, we conducted microPET/CT scans on young adult male rhesus monkeys (n=4/group) to gather in...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2016.06.005
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Volatile organic solvent (inhalant) abuse continues to be a major health concern throughout the world. Of particular concern is the abuse of inhalants by adolescents because of its toxicity and link to illicit drug use. Toluene, which is found in many products such as glues and household cleaners, is among the most co...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2007.08.001
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the relationship between acquired color vision loss and exposure to toluene and total hydrocarbons among 125 male workers. Seventy-two toluene-exposed printers were compared with 34 workers from the same photogravure plant with ambient background exposure, and with 19 workers from a bookbinding plant locat...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(01)00163-5
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) of environmental chemicals may be evaluated using specific test guidelines from the US Environmental Protection Agency or the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). These guidelines generate neurobehavioral, neuropathological, and morphometric ...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2017.07.001
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male Swiss mice, 25-30 g, were utilized to define some of the behavioral effects of the herbicides Lasso [alachlor 43%; (A)], Basalin [fluchloralin 45%; (F)], Premerge 3 [dinoseb 51%; (D)], and the fungicide Maneb-80 [maneb 80%; (M)]. These compounds were tested for their effects on locomotor activity and for their ab...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(89)90084-6
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrethroid insecticides have been divided into Types I and II based on behavioral profiles of toxicity produced by life-threatening dosages. In order to assess potential alterations in acquired (operant) behavior, acute dosage-effect and time-course determinations for permethrin (Type I) and cypermethrin (Type II) wer...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(87)90035-3
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of lindane on behavior and central monoaminergic systems were studied in rat pups at 15 days of postnatal age. Pups were previously given nonconvulsant lindane PO doses, either a single 20 mg/kg or 7-day repeated 10 mg/kg doses. Both treatment schedules improved the passive avoidance acquisition but only t...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00079-2
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first in a series of studies investigating the developmental stage-specific neurobehavioral effects of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) exposure. Because high doses of this compound are known to be lethal to the developing organism, we first conducted a dose-response study to identify RA doses that produce low...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00039-1
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposing rats to the anticholinesterase (anti-ChE) diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) causes a transient period of hypothermia followed by a period of hyperthermia lasting approximately 48 h. Because a fever is a predominant thermoregulatory response in humans exposed to anti-ChE pesticides, the hyperthermic response i...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(95)02001-2
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposures to hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) have been inconclusively linked to a variety of negative cognitive outcomes. We investigated possible effects on cognitive function in an urban population with chronic, low-level exposure to H2S. METHODS:Participants were 1637 adults, aged 18-65 years from Rotorua cit...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2014.02.002
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::During 1991, the Middle Atlantic Reproduction and Teratology Association (MARTA) conducted a survey of laboratories performing behavioral evaluations as part of GLP developmental toxicity studies. This survey was conducted to determine the extent to which an "industry standard" had evolved for behavioral test batterie...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(94)90009-4
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infant looking behaviors measured during visual assessment paradigms may be more reliable predictors of long-term cognitive outcomes than standard measures such as the Bayley Scales of Infant Development typically used in environmental epidemiology. Infrared eye tracking technology offers an innovative approach to aut...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106904
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Memory problems lasting 8 months have previously been described for a small group of female solvent workers following an accidental workplace solvent intoxication. Three years after the intoxication the presence of longer-term residual impairment of cognitive functions was evaluated. The major residual difficulty unco...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(96)00024-4
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prenatal exposure to cocaine in rats has previously been shown to alter the behavioral and hormonal responses to acute stressors, although no work has yet examined stress adaptation in these animals in adulthood, a possibility examined in this experiment. Male and female offspring of Sprague-Dawley rat dams given 40 m...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(00)00104-5
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::AZT (azidothymidine, zidovudine, ZDV) has become the standard medication to prevent the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus from mother to fetus. The present study was designed to assess the acoustic startle response (ASR) in adult rats that had been perinatally exposed to AZT. Each litter was randomly as...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(02)00317-3
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animals exposed prenatally to alcohol (4 g/kg/day) via maternal peroral intubation or control offspring were reared after weaning either alone in standard steel/wire cages or in groups of eight, for 6 weeks. Rats exposed prenatally to alcohol and reared in isolation had a dysmetric stride length indicative of an ataxi...
journal_title:Neurotoxicology and teratology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0892-0362(93)90007-b
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00