Abstract:
:Malaria infection induces the production of serum antibodies to a variety of malaria antigens but the prevalence of antibodies to any particular antigen is typically much less than 100%. It has been assumed that non-responsiveness to defined antigens in malaria immune subjects is due to HLS-mediated restriction of the immune response. In this study we have investigated the role of HLA and non-HLA genes in the antibody response to two merozoite surface antigens (MSP1 and MSP2) and a sexual stage antigen (Ps260/230) of Plasmodium falciparum, and conclude that host genotype is not a major determinant of responsiveness. Although antibody levels vary in accordance with seasonal variations in malaria transmission in semi-immune children, antibody levels remain stable in clinically immune adults. Antigen recognition is selective with individual donors showing consistent high titre responses to some antigens/epitopes whilst consistently failing to recognize adjacent regions/epitopes of the same protein. An alternative explanation, consistent with the data presented here, is that selective antibody responses to malaria antigens in immune individuals result from a process akin to clonal imprinting (original antigenic sin).
journal_name
Int Immunoljournal_title
International immunologyauthors
Taylor RR,Egan A,McGuinness D,Jepson A,Adair R,Drakely C,Riley Edoi
10.1093/intimm/8.6.905subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-06-01 00:00:00pages
905-15issue
6eissn
0953-8178issn
1460-2377journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1) signaling mediate most biological functions of IFNalpha, IFNbeta and IFNgamma although recent studies indicate that IFNgamma can alter expression of several genes via a STAT1-independent pathway. STAT1 is critical for immunity against a variety of intracellula...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxn119
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate potential roles of the RAG-1 and RAG-2 gene products in Ig heavy chain class recombination (CSR), we have generated RAG-1(-/-) and RAG-2(-/-) mice which contain both a rearranged Ig HC V(D)J gene (referred to as B1-8) inserted into the endogenous Ig heavy chain (HC) locus in place of the JH segments, an...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/10.3.325
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigation of the process of Peyer's patch (PP) formation has been hampered by difficulties in identifying its initial step in the embryo. In this study, we overcame this problem by means of whole-mount immunohistochemistry using mAb against the molecules which were expressed in the cells accumulated at the site of...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/9.4.507
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To delineate the role of the IgH 3' enhancer in the regulation of Ig heavy (IgH) chain gene expression, mice harbouring rearranged IgH transgenes, with (PSVmu3) and without (PSVmu1) this element, were produced. RNA and protein analysis from the different transgenic lines revealed a 5- to 7-fold increase in the express...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/8.7.1149
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural cytotoxicity receptors and NKG2D correspond to major activating receptors involved in triggering of tumor cell lysis by human NK cells. In this report, we investigated the expression of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs), MHC class I-related chain (MIC) A, MICB and UL16-binding proteins 1, 2 and 3, on a panel of human no...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxn038
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intestinal epithelium not only acts as the physical structure that separates the intestinal lumen from the body but also actively participates in intestinal barrier functions. In the past decade, significant progress has been made in the development of culture technologies to maintain intestinal epithelial cells (...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxy065
更新日期:2019-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::IL-12 is a cytokine produced by monocytes and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells which initiates Th1 responses by inducing the development of CD4+, IFN-gamma producing Th1 T cells in mouse and human. We have previously reported that allergen-specific CD4+ Th2 T cell clones produce IFN-gamma, following activation b...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/6.7.1091
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The alternative complement pathway (ACP) in vertebrates is known to be important in inflammatory reactions, and to be activated by foreign substances such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and zymosan, although to date no intrinsic activators have been identified except complement receptor type 2. From the point o...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/5.10.1349
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to identify autoantigens of synovium in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we constructed lambda phage expression cDNA libraries from synovium and screened them by IgG purified from synovial fluids, both of which were derived from RA patients. As a result of this unique combination of the libraries and probes, w...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/10.9.1305
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD45 is a receptor tyrosine phosphatase essential for TCR signaling. One isoform, CD45RB, is down-regulated in memory cells and targeting CD45RB with a specific antibody has been shown to inhibit graft rejection. Its role in immunity to infection, however, has not been tested. Here, we report the effect of anti-CD45RB...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh367
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The origin of anti-DNA antibodies remains speculative. We argue that some of these antibodies may arise inadvertently in nature during the course of a normal immune response due to their induction by antibodies which bear structures (mimotopes) that mimic DNA. These antibodies are not necessarily DNA specific but, lik...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/13.9.1099
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that the occurrence of CD45RA+ adult mouse thymocytes is strain-dependent, e.g. constituting approximately 0.6% in C57BL/Icrf and approximately 2.5% in BALB/c (Huby, R. and Goff, L., 1992. Eur. J. Immunol. 22:1659). Here we show that irrespective of strain, the thymus contains approximately 0....
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/4.11.1303
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous evidence from several laboratories suggests that CD8+ T suppressor cells may be important regulatory elements governing specific unresponsiveness of lepromatous lepromatous leprosy patients to M.leprae. To analyse the mechanism of suppression, CD8+ Ts clones were established from lesions and peripheral blood ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/1.2.121
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::B cell development is a complex process involving interactions between B cell precursors, stroma, and known and unknown ligands and cytokines. In order to more fully understand the requirements for Ig in that development we have created transgenic mice that carry a gamma 2b transgene and express it early in B cell dev...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/9.3.415
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::HLA-B*0702 transgenic mice (expressing a chimeric heavy chain with a murine alpha 3 domain: HLA-B7(m alpha 3)) in which the H-2K(b) and H-2D(b) class I-a (Cl I-a(-/-)) genes have been inactivated were compared with H-2K(b)D(b) Cl I-a(+/+) positive controls. Expression of the HLA-B7(m alpha 3) molecules resulted in a 3...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxg073
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::IL-12 has been shown to play a central role in cell-mediated inflammatory reactions through direct activation of T cells and NK cells. IL-12 also strongly influences humoral immunity but these effects have been thought to be indirect and caused by intermediary cytokines. Using flow cytometry, we now show that IL-12 di...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/8.12.1955
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human monocytes isolated from peripheral blood of healthy donors show a time-dependent differentiation into macrophages upon in vitro cultivation, closely mimicking their in vivo migration and maturation into extravascular tissues. The mediator(s) of this maturation process has not been yet defined. We investigated th...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/11.7.1075
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liver and activation-regulated chemokine (LARC)/CCL20 is expressed by surface-lining epithelial and epidermal cells, and is likely to link innate and acquired immunity by attracting immature dendritic cells, effector memory T cells and B cells via CCR6. Here we examined the mechanism of LARC expression in epithelial-t...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/13.10.1255
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although there has been extensive analysis on the capacity of MHC-peptide tetramers to bind antigen-specific TCR, there have been comparatively few studies regarding the role of the CD4 and CD8 co-receptors in binding and activation by these multimeric molecules. Here, we start from the observation that different anti...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/14.1.39
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The B cell-activating factor from the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) is an important regulator of B cell immunity. Recently, we demonstrated that recombinant BAFF also provides a co-stimulatory signal to T cells. Here, we studied expression of BAFF in peripheral blood leukocytes and correlated this expression wit...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh043
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The TCR complex transduces the antigen recognition signal through common activation motifs present in both CD3 gamma delta epsilon chains and zeta dimers within the complex. We have investigated functional roles of the cytoplasmic domain in zeta and CD3 gamma delta epsilon for T cell activation in early and late respo...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/6.11.1671
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have generated a high copy number transgenic mouse line in which expression of mouse IL-7 cDNA is under the control of the mouse MHC class II E alpha promoter. These mice were generated in order to see if IL-7 over-production in the thymus altered either thymocyte differentiation or the process of negative selectio...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/7.3.401
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral administration of large doses of protein antigen generally induces a state of systemic unresponsiveness currently termed mucosally induced tolerance. In this study, we used human milk protein (HMP) without casein as a multi-protein antigen for the study of mucosally induced tolerance. The HMP utilized in this stu...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/10.4.537
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dynamic behaviour of isolated populations of peritoneal LPS-reactive (LPSr) B lymphocytes was studied upon transfer of peritoneal cells (PerC) from C57BL/6 LPS responder into C57BL/10ScCr LPS non-responder mice. We have followed the persistence and life-span of the transferred LPSr donor B cells in the spleen and ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/2.1.73
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which could be down-regulated by IL-28B, were reported to suppress T-cell-mediated immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL-28B on the immune responses and protective efficacy of a tuberculosis (TB) subunit vaccine. First, a recombinant adenoviral vector expressing ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxv061
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::BALB.xid mice, carrying an X-linked mutation leading to the absence of CD5+ B cells, are highly resistant to Trypanosoma cruzi infection. These mice clear blood parasites in the acute phase of infection and do not develop the inflammatory infiltration characteristically observed in the chronic phase of susceptible str...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/8.8.1213
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific antibodies increase antigen uptake and presentation by antigen-presenting cells via the B cell receptor in B cells or FcgammaR in dendritic cells. To determine whether the interaction between antibody and antigen could influence the set of peptides presented by MHC II molecules, we analyzed the presentation o...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/11.11.1863
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cells bearing the gamma delta form of the TCR make up only 1-3% of T cells in the adult murine thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs. Evidence from studies of nude mice suggests that the development of at least some gamma delta T cells is thymus dependent; however, until now it has not been directly demonstrated that ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/5.4.331
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cells (DC) sense saprophytic yeast and pathogenic, filamentous forms of Candida albicans in a specific way, resulting in disparate patterns of DC and T(h) cell activation. Using human and murine DC, such disparate patterns could be traced to the exploitation of distinct recognition receptors. Although usage ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh012
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease, caused by autoantibodies against the muscle acetylcholine receptor (AChR), an oligomeric transmembrane glycoprotein composed of alpha(2)beta gamma delta subunits. The alpha subunit carries in its N-terminal extracellular domain the main immunogenic region (MIR), a group...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/12.9.1255
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00