Abstract：
:Serum samples taken between 6 and 20 weeks of gestation were obtained from 28 mothers who gave birth to cryptorchid sons (cases) and from 108 control mothers. In comparison with controls the cases had 10% higher geometric mean oestradiol (95% CI -13% to +39%: P=0.42) and 10% lower geometric mean testosterone (95% CI -27% to +10%: P=0.30). Among the samples collected between 6 and 14 weeks of gestation geometric mean concentrations of oestradiol and testosterone were 5% lower (95% CI -32% to +31%: P=0.74) and 25% lower (95% CI -45% to +1%: P=0.06) respectively in cases than in controls. Among the samples collected between 15 and 20 weeks of gestation geometric mean concentrations of oestradiol and testosterone were 29% higher (95% CI -8% to +79%: P=0.14) and 21% higher (95% CI -8% to +60%: P=0.18) respectively in cases than in controls. The results do not support the hypothesis that cryptorchidism may be caused by high concentrations of oestradiol in the maternal blood during the first phase of testicular descent, but suggest that the possible association of cryptorchidism with low maternal testosterone during early gestation should be further investigated.
journal_name
Br J Cancerjournal_title
British journal of cancerauthors
Key TJ,Bull D,Ansell P,Brett AR,Clark GM,Moore JW,Chilvers CE,Pike MCdoi
10.1038/bjc.1996.121subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-03-01 00:00:00pages
698-701issue
5eissn
0007-0920issn
1532-1827journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:The 1997 international consensus conference on renal cell cancer (RCC) prognosis suggested erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and anaemia as prognostic biomarkers, but most studies reviewed were limited by small sample sizes. METHODS:The Cox proportional hazards model was used...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2012.565
更新日期：2013-02-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients affected by squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) show frequent occurrence of multiple cancers and widespread precancerous lesions in the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract, a phenomenon known as field cancerization. In this study, we investigated the role of genetic instability in the devel...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1998.644
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Within a population-based cohort study, 40,708 men aged 45-79 years followed from 1998 to 2004. After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed a strong inverse linear association between total daily physical activity (PA) and death from cancer (n=1153). For each increment of 4 metabolic equivalent (MET)-h day(...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6604354
更新日期：2008-06-03 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Temsirolimus was approved in Europe as first-line treatment of poor-prognosis advanced renal cell carcinoma (advRCC) based on significant clinical benefits. METHODS:Patients with advRCC and multiple poor-prognostic factors were randomly assigned to receive 25 mg intravenous temsirolimus weekly, interferon-a...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6605647
更新日期：2010-05-11 00:00:00
abstract：:A prospective randomised study was carried out to compare the effect of mesna (2-mercaptoethane sulphonate sodium) with that of forced diuresis in preventing cyclophosphamide induced haemorrhagic cystitis in marrow transplant recipients. Sixty-one consecutive BMT recipients were randomised for treatment with forced di...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/bjc.1984.252
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The radiosensitizing activity of S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, was assessed in a model of non-metabolic hypoxia achieved in an atmosphere of 95% nitrogen-5% carbon dioxide. A 10 min preincubation of hypoxic EMT-6 cells (10 x 10(6) ml(-1)) with 0.1 and 1 mM SNAP before radiation res...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6690173
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Glioma stem-like cell (GSC) properties are responsible for gliomagenesis and recurrence. GSCs are invasive but its mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we attempted to identify the molecules that promote invasion in GSCs. METHODS:Neurospheres and CD133⁺ cells were collected from glioblastoma (GBM) spec...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2013.218
更新日期：2013-06-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanisms underlying sperm protein 17 (Sp17) gene expression in myeloma cells remained unclear. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Sp17 transcripts were detected in ARK-B, ARP-1, RPMI-8226 and KMS-11 but not in H929, IM-9, MM1-R and U266 cells. Using a panel of primer pairs in methyla...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6602160
更新日期：2004-10-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The tissue-specific translation elongation factor eEF1A2 is a potential oncogene that is overexpressed in human ovarian cancer. eEF1A2 is highly similar (98%) to the near-ubiquitously expressed eEF1A1 (formerly known as EF1-alpha) making analysis with commercial antibodies difficult. We wanted to establish the express...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6603748
更新日期：2007-05-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The murine dose of i.v. C. parvum (466 microgram) was compared with a single, low, human-equivalent dose of 70 microgram and with repeated weekly low doses. All treatments increased the antibody titre against C. parvum (CP). However, repeated doses stimulated a much higher titre than single doses. In all treated anima...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1980.64
更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We previously showed that activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)1/Fas ligand (FasL) pathway induces glioma cell death. Lithium (Li) is an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3 that activates NFAT1/FasL signalling. Temozolomide (TMZ) inhibits GSK-3 and activates Fas in tumour pro...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2017.89
更新日期：2017-05-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Promoter region hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing is a frequent cause of tumour suppressor gene (TSG) inactivation in many human cancers. Previously, to identify candidate epigenetically inactivated TSGs in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), we monitored changes in gene expression in four RCC cell lines after tr...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6604180
更新日期：2008-01-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinico-cytogenetic correlations were assessed in 88 patients with malignant ovarian tumours. Cytogenetic analysis of the primary tumours yielded normal karyotype (N) in 33 patients and abnormal karyotypes (A) in 55 patients. Within the A group, seven tumours had simple abnormalities (AS), i.e., numerical changes only...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1992.56
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have suggested that infant vaccinations may reduce the risk of subsequent childhood leukaemia. Vaccination histories were compared in 439 children (ages 0-14) diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in nine Midwestern and Mid-Atlantic states (USA) between 1 January 1989 and 30 June 1993 and...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6690668
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding of ring-labelled and side-chain labelled misonidazole to hypoxic cells in monolayer and spheroid cultures of mammalian cells has been compared. The kinetics and patterns of binding for the two labelled compounds are indistinguishable. This finding has implications for the mechanism of binding and for the d...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1985.33
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Information on exposure and reaction to sunlight, together with the history of exposure to fluorescent lighting, was elicited by postal questionnaire. Case-control analysis from 58 patients with malignant melanoma, 182 matched controls and 151 unmatched controls showed associations between malignant melanoma and (i) b...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1985.255
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell line studies demonstrate that the PI3K/Akt pathway is upregulated in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) and can result in phosphorylation of the androgen receptor (AR). The current study therefore aims to establish if this has relevance to the development of clinical HRPC. Immunohistochemistry was employed...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6604152
更新日期：2008-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice transplanted with NC carcinoma were treated with the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor dazmegrel (UK38485) or with nafazatrom (BAY G 6575), a compound that is reported to increase prostacyclin formation. Some experiments included the cytotoxic drugs methotrexate and melphalan. The tumours were excised under anaest...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1986.171
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between oestrogen receptor (RE) content of primary breast cancer and subsequent prognosis was examined with regard to nodal status. It was found that, within a particular nodal group, patients with tumours containing fully functional RE experienced a longer disease-free interval than those with RE- di...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1981.9
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cancer/testis-antigens (CTAs) are specifically expressed in human malignancies and testis tissue, but their molecular functions are poorly understood. CTAs serve as regulators of gene expression, cell cycle and spermatogenesis, as well as targets for immune-based therapies. The CTA PRAME is expressed in vari...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2016.187
更新日期：2016-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate whether immunohistochemical staining patterns of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases TIMP-2 and matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 can be predictors of tumour stage and survival time in colorectal cancer. Frozen tumour sections from 212 patients operated on between Ja...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1997.466
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An apparently unique circulating common oncofoetal protein has been identified in rat small-bowel, colonic and pancreatic adenocarcinomas. The tumours were induced by ionizing radiation (small bowel), an alkyl hydrocarbon, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (colon) and a polyaromatic hydrocarbon, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (pa...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1981.120
更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present multicentre randomized phase II trial, the activity and toxicity of three platinum-based combination regimens for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were evaluated. The three regimens were: MVP (mitomycin-C 6 mg m(-2) on day 1, vindesine 3 mg m(-2) on days 1 and 15, and cisplat...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/bjc.1998.393
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NIH3T3 cells transfected with c-H-ras and/or c-myc genes were examined for differences in drug sensitivity. The five transfectants used were N8, NIH3T3-nm-1, pT22-3-nm-2, pP1-4 and pT22-3. They were transfected with pKOneo alone, pKOneo and c-myc, pKOneo and c-myc plus activated c-H-ras, normal c-H-ras and activated c...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1991.56
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Stage at diagnosis is a strong predictor of cancer survival. Differences in stage distributions and stage-specific management help explain geographic differences in cancer outcomes. Stage information is thus essential to improve policies for cancer control. Despite recent progress, stage information is often...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.2016.177
更新日期：2016-07-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluorescence polarization measurement during the progress of fluorochromasia has been used to study the response of human lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and to tumour-associated antigens, as a basis for the detection of malignant disease. Polarization (P) values of both stimulated and unstimulated lymphocyte...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1980.9
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In rats a maximal tolerated dose of carboplatin (60 mg kg-1, i.v.) caused severe anaemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. These indices of haematological toxicity were also observed with a maximal tolerated dose of cis-platin (6.5 mg kg-1, i.v.), but reductions in blood cell counts were less than those observed with ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1987.75
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One hundred and seventy-eight patients with non metastatic inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) have been treated at the Centre H. Becquerel. Median follow up is 67 months (6-178). Every patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (mean number of cycles = 4; range: 2-8), followed by a loco regional treatment (radiotherapy =...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1993.109
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the modifying effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on the association of body mass index (BMI) and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) among postmenopausal women. We assessed the use of HRT and BMI in 208 postmenopausal women with histologically conf...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjc.6604066
更新日期：2007-12-03 00:00:00
abstract：:In a clinical investigation of observed postoperative survival, 563 patients have been registered for primary surgical treatment of colorectal cancer since 1974. The potential prognostic factors examined within the first days of hospitalization for primary resection included age of the patients, operability, location ...
journal_title：British journal of cancer
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjc.1981.250
更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00
