Three genes and two isozymes: gene conversion and the compartmentalization and expression of the phosphoglycerate kinases of Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense.

Abstract:

:The glycosome, a microbody organelle found only in kinetoplastid protozoa, compartmentalizes the first six enzymes of glycolysis. In order to better understand the regulation and targeting of glycolytic enzymes in trypanosomes, we have cloned and analyzed the three genes of the phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) complex of Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense. The organization of the genes within the complex is similar to that of Trypanosoma brucei brucei. The nucleotide and amino-acid sequences, including those of the novel high-molecular-weight 56PGK, show substantial cross-species similarity. However, the two downstream genes, c1PGK and c2PGK, encode identical isozymes in T. congolense, while they encode distinct glycosomal and cytoplasmic isozymes in T. brucei. Western analysis also indicated that there are only two isozymes in T. congolense and that these are constitutively expressed. Differential digitonin solubilization of the trypanosomes indicated that 56PGK is primarily localized to the glycosome, as expected, and that c1/c2PGK is cytoplasmic. Northern analysis demonstrates that while 56PGK is constitutively expressed, c1PGK and c2PGK mRNAs are differentially expressed in the T. congolense developmental stages. This work demonstrates that T. congolense has only one PGK isozyme, 56PGK, that is predominantly localized in glycosomes.

journal_name

Mol Biochem Parasitol

authors

Parker HL,Hill T,Alexander K,Murphy NB,Fish WR,Parsons M

doi

10.1016/0166-6851(94)00208-5

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1995-02-01 00:00:00

pages

269-79

issue

2

eissn

0166-6851

issn

1872-9428

pii

0166685194002085

journal_volume

69

pub_type

杂志文章
  • PI(3)P-independent and -dependent pathways function together in a vacuolar translocation sequence to target malarial proteins to the host erythrocyte.

    abstract::Malaria parasites export 'a secretome' of hundreds of proteins, including major virulence determinants, from their endoplasmic reticulum (ER), past the parasite plasma and vacuolar membranes to the host erythrocyte. The export mechanism is high affinity (nanomolar) binding of a host (cell) targeting (HT) motif RxLxE/D...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.07.004

    authors: Bhattacharjee S,Speicher KD,Stahelin RV,Speicher DW,Haldar K

    更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00

  • Biochemical and functional characterization of CpMuc4, a Cryptosporidium surface antigen that binds to host epithelial cells.

    abstract::Cryptosporidium spp. are intracellular apicomplexan parasites that cause outbreaks of waterborne diarrheal disease worldwide. Previous studies had identified a Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoite antigen, CpMuc4, that appeared to be involved in attachment and invasion of the parasite into intestinal epithelial cells. Cp...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2014.03.005

    authors: Paluszynski J,Monahan Z,Williams M,Lai O,Morris C,Burns P,O'Connor R

    更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00

  • Characterization of antigens on mosquito midgut stages of Plasmodium gallinaceum. II. Comparison of surface antigens of male and female gametes and zygotes.

    abstract::Surface proteins of male and female gametes of Plasmodium gallinaceum were radioiodinated by the lactoperoxidase method, immunoprecipitated with stage specific antisera and separated on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Stage specificity of the surface antigens was further studied by competiti...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(84)90061-6

    authors: Kaushal DC,Carter R

    更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00

  • Stable transfection and continuous expression of heterologous genes in Entamoeba invadens.

    abstract::Amoebiasis is spread by the ingestion of dormant Entamoeba histolytica cysts. Intervention of encystation could break the transmission cycle, thereby reducing disease burden. The model system used to study trophozoite to cyst differentiation is Entamoeba invadens. Here we describe an electroporation-based method for s...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.02.012

    authors: Singh N,Ojha S,Bhattacharya A,Bhattacharya S

    更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00

  • Histone mediated gene activation in Toxoplasma gondii.

    abstract::DNA processes, including transcriptional activation, are largely governed by histone modifications. For most eukaryotes, chromatin-remodeling machines have been identified that move, replace, or decorate histones. Recent studies have shed some important light on similar machinery operating in apicomplexan parasites, i...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2006.03.010

    authors: Sullivan WJ Jr,Hakimi MA

    更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00

  • Expression profiling of the Leishmania life cycle: cDNA arrays identify developmentally regulated genes present but not annotated in the genome.

    abstract::As genomic sequencing of Leishmania nears completion, functional analyses that provide a global genetic perspective on biological processes are important. Despite polycistronic transcription, RNA transcript abundance can be measured using microarrays. To provide a resource to evaluate cDNA arrays, we undertook 5' expr...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.03.004

    authors: Almeida R,Gilmartin BJ,McCann SH,Norrish A,Ivens AC,Lawson D,Levick MP,Smith DF,Dyall SD,Vetrie D,Freeman TC,Coulson RM,Sampaio I,Schneider H,Blackwell JM

    更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00

  • Interleukin-8-like activity in a filarial asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase.

    abstract::A wide range of secondary biological functions have been documented for eukaryotic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases including roles in transcriptional regulation, mitochondrial RNA splicing, cell growth, and chemokine-like activities. The asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (AsnRS) of the filarial nematode, Brugia malayi, is a high...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.06.003

    authors: Kron MA,Wang C,Vodanovic-Jankovic S,Howard OM,Kuhn LA

    更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00

  • Genomic organization, chromosomal location and transcription of dispersed and repeated tubulin genes in Leishmania major.

    abstract::The alpha and beta tubulin genes of Leishmania major were cloned and used to study the genomic organization, chromosomal location and transcription of tubulin genes in L. major. The number of beta tubulin isogenes was determined by hybridization of probes representing the 5' and 3' ends of the cloned beta tubulin cDNA...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(87)90112-5

    authors: Spithill TW,Samaras N

    更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00

  • Purification, characterization, and immunochemical studies of beta-N-acetyl-D-hexosaminidase from the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis.

    abstract::The exoglycosidase, beta-N-acetyl-D-hexosaminidase was purified 600-fold from the muscle-stage larvae (L1) of Trichinella spiralis. On sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), the purified enzyme-active fraction contained 4 polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 100,000, 68,000, 5...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(88)90145-4

    authors: Rhoads ML

    更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00

  • A Plasmodium falciparum isolate with a chromosome 9 deletion expresses a trypsin-resistant cytoadherence molecule.

    abstract::Sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes in the cerebral circulation is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria. From previous studies it was postulated that genes essential for cytoadherence were located on the right arm of chromosome 9 as P. falciparum isolates with a deletion...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(94)90092-2

    authors: Chaiyaroj SC,Coppel RL,Magowan C,Brown GV

    更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00

  • Schizodeme analysis of Trypanosoma cruzi stocks from South and Central America by analysis of PCR-amplified minicircle variable region sequences.

    abstract::Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) was isolated from 56 stocks of Trypanosoma cruzi isolated from human patients, animals and insects from Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia and Costa Rica. Comparison of the patterns of digested kDNA on acrylamide gels led to the grouping of several stocks into two schizodemes. Schizodeme analysis was a...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(90)90160-n

    authors: Avila H,Goncalves AM,Nehme NS,Morel CM,Simpson L

    更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00

  • Toxoplasma gondii toxolysin 4 is an extensively processed putative metalloproteinase secreted from micronemes.

    abstract::Proteases play central roles in cell invasion by Toxoplasma gondii and other apicomplexan parasites. Herein we report the cloning and characterization of a novel secretory putative metalloproteinase, Toxolysin 4 (TLN4). T. gondii tachyzoites store TLN4 in the micronemes and secrete it in response to elevated calcium, ...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2011.01.009

    authors: Laliberté J,Carruthers VB

    更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • Isolation of a female-specific, highly repeated Schistosoma mansoni DNA probe and its use in an assay of cercarial sex.

    abstract::A 476 bp fragment of female-specific Schistosoma mansoni genomic DNA, clone W1, represents a degenerative repeat present in more than 500 copies per female genome, and may be part of the constitutive heterochromatin of the W chromosome. The cloning method described can be used as a general approach for isolating sex-s...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(89)90169-2

    authors: Webster P,Mansour TE,Bieber D

    更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00

  • The variable region of the Trypanosoma brucei kinetoplast maxicircle: sequence and transcript analysis of a repetitive and a non-repetitive fragment.

    abstract::The sequence of two fragments derived from the variable region of the kinetoplast maxicircle of Trypanosoma brucei has been determined. One fragment (1334 nucleotides, situated immediately upstream of the 12S and 9S ribosomal RNA genes) consists of non-repetitious DNA, which does not hybridize to other maxicircle regi...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(88)90026-6

    authors: de Vries BF,Mulder E,Brakenhoff JP,Sloof P,Benne R

    更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00

  • Characterization of phosphodiesterase-5 as a surface protein in the tegument of Schistosoma mansoni.

    abstract::Schistosoma mansoni is a major causative agent of schistosomiasis, an important parasitic disease that constitutes a severe health problem in developing countries. Even though an effective treatment exists, it does not prevent re-infection and the development of an effective vaccine still remains the most desirable me...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.02.006

    authors: Rofatto HK,Tararam CA,Borges WC,Wilson RA,Leite LC,Farias LP

    更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00

  • Stage-specific expression of the Leishmania mexicana paraflagellar rod protein PFR-2.

    abstract::A screen for Leishmania mexicana genes encoding promastigote-specific flagellar proteins resulted in isolation of genes encoding the major components of the paraflagellar rod. One of these, PFR-2, was characterized extensively. PFR-2 genes are present in the genome as a tandem array of three genes designated PFR-2A, P...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02688-6

    authors: Moore LL,Santrich C,LeBowitz JH

    更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00

  • Trypanosoma cruzi attachment to lymphocyte muscarinic cholinergic and beta adrenergic receptors modulates intracellular signal transduction.

    abstract::Plasma membrane vesicles of Trypanosoma cruzi (PMVs) formed saturation binding isotherms with naive murine T lymphocytes. Parasite membrane attachment to the muscarinic cholinergic receptors of Lyt 2.2+T cells (suppressor cells) resulted in the synthesis of cGMP, attenuation of cAMP levels and in the secretion of pros...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(91)90151-u

    authors: Borda ES,Sterin-Borda LJ,Pascual JO,Gorelik G,Felix JC,von Kreuter BF,Santos-Buch CA

    更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00

  • Sm22.6 antigen is an inhibitor to human thrombin.

    abstract::The physiological role of Schistosomiasis mansoni 22.6 antigen (sm22.6 Ag) and its pathogenic effect on the human host has never been reported. Recombinant sm22.6 Ag is a homogenous polymer under non-denaturing/non-reducing conditions, and an inhibitor to human thrombin. Kinetic and Western blot assays show that the r...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2006.01.012

    authors: Lin YL,He S

    更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00

  • Trichomonas vaginalis ribosomal RNA: identification and characterisation of the transcription promoter and terminator sequences.

    abstract::Trichomonas vaginalis is a parasitic protozoan of both medical and biological relevance. Transcriptional studies in this organism have focused mainly on type II pol promoters, whereas the elements necessary for transcription by polI or polIII have not been investigated. Here, with the aid of a transient transcription ...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.05.004

    authors: Franco B,Hernández R,López-Villaseñor I

    更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00

  • The Plasmodium falciparum exported protein PF3D7_0402000 binds to erythrocyte ankyrin and band 4.1.

    abstract::Plasmodium falciparum extensively modifies the infected red blood cell (RBC), resulting in changes in deformability, shape and surface properties. These alterations suggest that the RBC cytoskeleton is a major target for modification during infection. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to these changes are larg...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2017.06.002

    authors: Shakya B,Penn WD,Nakayasu ES,LaCount DJ

    更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00

  • In vitro selection of halofantrine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is not associated with increased expression of Pgh1.

    abstract::Recent investigations into quinoline and phenanthrene methanol resistance in Plasmodium falciparum have described a linkage between amplification of the mdr homologue pfmdr1 and decreased susceptibility to mefloquine (MQ) and halofantrine (HF). We have examined the current theories on cross-resistance patterns and pfm...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0166-6851(96)02746-6

    authors: Ritchie GY,Mungthin M,Green JE,Bray PG,Hawley SR,Ward SA

    更新日期:1996-12-02 00:00:00

  • Helminth immunoregulation: the role of parasite secreted proteins in modulating host immunity.

    abstract::Helminths are masterful immunoregulators. A characteristic feature of helminth infection is a Th2-dominated immune response, but stimulation of immunoregulatory cell populations, such as regulatory T cells and alternatively activated macrophages, is equally common. Typically, Th1/17 immunity is blocked and productive ...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.04.008

    authors: Hewitson JP,Grainger JR,Maizels RM

    更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00

  • Cysteine proteinase of Entamoeba histolytica. I. Partial purification and action on different enzymes.

    abstract::A method for a 50-60-fold purification of a cysteine proteinase from trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica using 35-80% ammonium sulphate fractionation, gel chromatography on Sephadex G-75, and preparative isoelectric focusing is described. The enzyme was examined for its proteolytic potencies towards native enzyme su...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(86)90054-x

    authors: Scholze H,Werries E

    更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00

  • The merozoite surface protein 6 gene codes for a 36 kDa protein associated with the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein-1 complex.

    abstract::A complex of non-covalently bound polypeptides is located on the surface of the merozoite form of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Four of these polypeptides are derived by proteolytic processing of the merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) precursor. Two components, a 22 and a 36 kDa polypeptide are no...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0166-6851(00)00350-9

    authors: Trucco C,Fernandez-Reyes D,Howell S,Stafford WH,Scott-Finnigan TJ,Grainger M,Ogun SA,Taylor WR,Holder AA

    更新日期:2001-01-15 00:00:00

  • Surface-associated antigens of Brugia malayi L2 and L3 parasites during vector-stage development.

    abstract::Surface and metabolic labeling procedures were used to characterize the composition and the time of expression of Brugia malayi L2 and L3 surface-associated molecules as the larvae develop within the mosquito vector. Larvae were harvested from mosquito tissues at 5 (early L2), 8 (late L2) and 11 (L3) days post-infecti...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(92)90039-m

    authors: Ibrahim MS,Richie TL,Scott AL

    更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00

  • Cathepsin B-like cysteine proteases of Leishmania mexicana.

    abstract::A group of Leishmania mexicana cysteine proteases that differ from those previously found in this protozoon are described. The enzymes characteristically have a preference for peptidyl substrates with a phenylalanyl-valyl-arginyl moiety, do not hydrolyse gelatin in substrate-sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gels...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(93)90116-f

    authors: Robertson CD,Coombs GH

    更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00

  • Leupeptin alters the proteolytic processing of P126, the major parasitophorous vacuole antigen of Plasmodium falciparum.

    abstract::Among several protease inhibitors tested, only leupeptin was found to modify qualitatively the processing of P126, a major antigen of the parasitophorous vacuole of Plasmodium falciparum, and to inhibit the release of merozoites. Whereas P126 is normally processed upon merozoite release into 2 polypeptides of 50 and 7...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(89)90029-7

    authors: Debrabant A,Delplace P

    更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00

  • A tubulin-related 55 kilodalton surface antigen recognized by different Trypanosoma cruzi stage-specific monoclonal antibodies from infected mice.

    abstract::Thirteen monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for the membrane of live Trypanosoma cruzi have been obtained from BALB/c infected mice. Most of them had greater avidity for intact than for disrupted parasites. According to the staining by indirect immunofluorescence of the different live developmental stages of the pa...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0166-6851(88)90073-4

    authors: Alcina A,Fresno M

    更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00

  • Cryptosporidium parvum cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG): An essential mediator of merozoite egress.

    abstract::Cryptosporidiosis is an obligate intracellular pathogen causing diarrhea. Merozoite egress is essential for infection to spread between host cells. However, the mechanisms of egress have yet to be defined. We hypothesized that Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase G (PKG) may be involved in Cryptosporidium egress. In th...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2020.111277

    authors: Nava S,Sadiqova A,Castellanos-Gonzalez A,White AC Jr

    更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00

  • PfCG2, a Plasmodium falciparum protein peripherally associated with the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane, is expressed in the period of maximum hemoglobin uptake and digestion by trophozoites.

    abstract::A Plasmodium falciparum gene closely linked to the chloroquine resistance locus encodes PfCG2, a predicted 320-330kDa protein. In the parasitized erythrocyte, PfCG2 expression rises sharply in the trophozoite stage and is detected in electron-dense patches along the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM), in the cyto...

    journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.07.009

    authors: Cooper RA,Papakrivos J,Lane KD,Fujioka H,Lingelbach K,Wellems TE

    更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00