Abstract:
:Organic cations (OCs) constitute a diverse array of compounds of physiological, pharmacological, and toxicological importance. Renal secretion of these compounds, which occurs principally along the proximal portion of the nephron, plays a critical role in regulating the concentration of OCs in the plasma and in clearing the body of potentially toxic xenobiotic OCs. Transepithelial OC transport in the kidney involves separate entry and exit steps at the basolateral and luminal aspects of renal tubular cells. It is increasingly apparent that basolateral and luminal OC transport reflects the concerted activity of a suite of separate transport processes arranged in parallel in each pole of proximal tubule cells. Most of the transporters that appear to dominate renal secretion of OCs belong to a single family of transport proteins: the OCT Family. The characterization of their activity, and their localization within distinct regions of the kidney, has permitted development of models describing the molecular and cellular basis of the renal secretion of OCs.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Wright SHdoi
10.1016/j.taap.2004.10.021subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-05-01 00:00:00pages
309-19issue
3eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333pii
S0041-008X(04)00467-3journal_volume
204pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Aroclor 1254 and fireMaster BP-6, two commercial polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) preparations, exhibit comparable biologic and toxic effects. In the present study the commercial PBB was more active than Aroclor 1254 in causing thymic atrophy in male Wistar rats. However, a direct compa...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90096-0
更新日期:1983-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of cancer patients with the antitumor antibiotic bleomycin (BLM) is associated with lung damage which can progress to pulmonary fibrosis. Shortly after intratracheal (it) administration of BLM to experimental animals there is an influx of inflammatory cells into the lung. These inflammatory cells, consisting...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(89)90295-0
更新日期:1989-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy metals in the environment originate from both human activities and natural processes. Exposure to these metals can result in important changes to immune activity. Depending on the metal and dose, these changes can result in enhanced immune function, diminished immune responses, or altered responses that produce ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.04.021
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats received one or two consecutive daily ip injections, each 0.5 mg Pb2+/100 g body weight, and the kidneys were studied 48 or 24 hr, respectively, after the injection. Renal brush border preparations from Pb2+-treated rats exhibited significant decreases in the activity of alanine aminopeptidase and gamma-glutamyl ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90224-7
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The disappearance rate of renin from plasma was evaluated in both acutely and chronically lead-exposed rabbits. In addition, the effects of lead (Pb) on in vitro renin secretion were determined with rabbit renal cortical slices. Rabbits acutely exposed to Pb (0.3 to 2.0 mg/kg, iv) demonstrated no increase in plasma re...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90127-8
更新日期:1983-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Tamoxifen is a widely used anti-estrogenic drug for chemotherapy and, more recently, for the chemoprevention of breast cancer. Despite the indisputable benefits of tamoxifen in preventing the occurrence and re-occurrence of breast cancer, the use of tamoxifen has been shown to induce non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, whi...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2007.07.001
更新日期:2007-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity of 1-chloro-2-hydroxy-3-butene (CHB), a known in vitro metabolite of the human carcinogen 1,3-butadiene, have not previously been investigated. Because CHB can be bioactivated by alcohol dehydrogenases to yield 1-chloro-3-buten-2-one (CBO), a bifunctional alkylating age...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2013.04.019
更新日期:2013-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::St. John's wort (SJW, Hypericum perforatum) is one of the popular nutraceuticals for treating depression. Methotrexate (MTX) is an immunosuppressant with narrow therapeutic window. This study investigated the effect of SJW on MTX pharmacokinetics in rats. Rats were orally given MTX alone and coadministered with 300 an...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2012.05.020
更新日期:2012-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Anoikis is defined as apoptosis, which is induced by inappropriate cell-matrix interactions. Cancer cells with anoikis resistance tend to undergo metastasis, and this phenomenon has been reported to be associated with integrin and FAK activity. HPW-RX40 is a derivative of 3,4-methylenedioxy-β-nitrostyrene, which is kn...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2015.09.011
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To characterize modes of action of substances and their cytotoxic effects Bionas GmbH has developed a new screening system to allow the continuous recording of how an active substance can act (Bionas 2500 analyzing system). In the pharmaceutical industry it is important to acquire as much information as possible about...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2006.12.027
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most of the cytotoxicity induced by ionizing radiation is mediated by radical-induced DNA double-strand breaks. Cellular protection from free radicals can be stimulated several fold by sulforaphane-mediated activation of the transcription factor Nrf2 that regulates more than 50 genes involved in the detoxification of ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2014.02.013
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The comparative antiestrogenic effects of progesterone and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on cytosolic and nuclear estrogen (ERc and ERn, respectively) and progesterone (PRc and PRn, respectively) receptor levels were determined in female Long Evans rats. Estradiol treatment typically increases ER and PR l...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(88)90177-9
更新日期:1988-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Methylmercury (MeHg) causes a multiphasic disruption of intraneuronal cation regulation. Release of Ca2+ from internal stores and entry of extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+e) contribute to the temporally distinct early (first Ca2+ phase) and late (second Ca2+ phase) components of increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1995.1236
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolism of CCl(4) initiates the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids producing alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The facile reactivity of these electrophilic aldehydic products suggests they play a role in the toxicity of compounds like CCl(4). ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1999.8788
更新日期:1999-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Juvenile rats have been reported to be more sensitive to the acute neurotoxic effects of the pyrethroid deltamethrin than adults. While toxicokinetic differences between juveniles and adults are documented, toxicodynamic differences have not been examined. Voltage-gated sodium channels, the primary targets of pyrethro...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.04.017
更新日期:2008-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Male Wistar rats pretreated with ethanol (2.0 g in 80 ml liquid diet/day for 3 weeks) or phenobarbital (PB, 80 mg/kg/day ip for 4 days) were exposed by inhalation to 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, or 8000 ppm trichloroethylene (TRI) for 2 or 8 hr, and the blood concentration of TRI and the urinary concentration of TRI metabol...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(88)90264-5
更新日期:1988-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Previously conducted reproduction and teratology studies in rats (unpublished observations) exposed to fluoxetine have revealed no compound-related adverse effects on fertility and no teratogenic effects. In order to confirm embryonic/fetal exposure to fluoxetine and/or metabolites, dissection and whole-body autoradio...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(89)90225-1
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human exposure to heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAA) usually occurs through mixtures rather than individual compounds. However, the toxic effects and related mechanisms of co-exposure to HAA in humans remain unknown. We compared the effects of two of the most common HAA, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2010.03.008
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior consumption of a diet containing the food antioxidant, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), by female mice prevented the development of or minimized the acute liver damage caused by monocrotaline, acetaminophen, or bromobenzene. In contrast, neither the incidence nor the severity of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepat...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90121-7
更新日期:1983-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Nanotechnology is an emerging industry based on commercialization of materials with one or more dimensions of 100 nm or less. Engineered nanomaterials are currently incorporated into thin films, porous materials, liquid suspensions, or filler/matrix nanocomposites with future applications predicted in energy and catal...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.027
更新日期:2018-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Primary mixed cultures of Sertoli and germ cells were prepared from testes of immature rats and their response to the known testicular toxicants ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGM) and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGE) was studied. Neither EGM nor EGE produced any morphological evidence of toxicity when added t...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(85)90146-2
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::After a fire involving a transformer, the State Office Building in Binghamton, New York, was contaminated with soot containing polychlorinated biphenyls, biphenylenes, naphthalenes, dioxins, and dibenzofurans. The toxicity of the soot and its effect on liver morphology after prolonged (subchronic) exposure were determ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(84)90099-1
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatic systems toxicology is the integrative analysis of toxicogenomic technologies, e.g., transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, in combination with traditional toxicology measures to improve the understanding of mechanisms of hepatotoxic action. Hepatic toxicology studies that have employed toxicogenomic te...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2010.10.013
更新日期:2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), which is used widely as an antioxidant, on IgE-dependent allergic responses in vivo and in vitro was investigated. For in vivo study, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) was elicited in rats by i.d. injection of anti-DNP IgE and 48 h later by i.v. injection of DNP-HSA. BHT...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2007.05.007
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aromatase inhibitors like anastrozole play an undisputed key role in the treatment of breast cancer, but on the other hand, various side effects like osteoporosis and increased risk of bone fracture accompany the chronic administration of these drugs. Here we show for the first time that selenium nanoparticles, when g...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2013.01.028
更新日期:2013-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) are known to cause imposex, the superimposing of male genitals on female ones, in some species of gastropods. However, the molecular mechanism of the trialkyltin-induced endocrine dysfunction remains to be elucidated. To clarify the effects of organotin compounds on the activat...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.2000.9067
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) to detoxify cocaine in vivo was evaluated. Intravenous administration of BChE, at doses sufficient to increase the plasma levels of the enzyme as much as 800-fold, produced no adverse effects on the cardiovascular, autonomic, or central nervous systems of rats. ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1997.8187
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dosage-regimen-dependent teratogenicity as well as plasma and tissue levels of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) were studied in the mouse by comparing various injection regimens and infusion of the drug via implanted osmotic minipumps. Concentrations of 225-248 micrograms VPA/ml maternal plasma (about 2X...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(85)90081-x
更新日期:1985-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::In many neuropathologies activated microglia and macrophages cause neurotoxicity and prolong the inflammatory response. We have previously characterized the glycosphingolipid Neurostatin (Nst), which potentially reduces these detrimental mechanisms. Nst, isolated from mammalian brain, is the GD1b ganglioside with O-ac...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2019.114627
更新日期:2019-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed [J. D. McKinney, J. Fawkes, S. Jordan, K. Chae, S. Oatley, R. E. Coleman, and W. Briner (1985). Environ. Health Perspect. 61, 41-53] that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) produces toxic responses through persistent occupancy of nuclear thyroxine (T4) receptors, and that maintenance of re...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(87)90144-x
更新日期:1987-09-30 00:00:00