Abstract：
:After a fire involving a transformer, the State Office Building in Binghamton, New York, was contaminated with soot containing polychlorinated biphenyls, biphenylenes, naphthalenes, dioxins, and dibenzofurans. The toxicity of the soot and its effect on liver morphology after prolonged (subchronic) exposure were determined for both sexes of Hartley guinea pigs, which were fed soot continuously for 90 days. By light microscopy the observed alterations of the liver were predominantly centrilobular; they included hepatocyte hypertrophy, steatosis, increased glycogen and iron, focal necrosis, and bile duct proliferation with fibrosis. Cytoplasmic vacuoles and acidophilic hyalin-like bodies were observed. Electron microscopy of hepatocytes showed proliferated smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), cytoplasmic vacuoles, concentric membrane arrays (CMAs), glycogen bodies, and microdroplets of fat, often without limiting membranes. The vacuoles frequently contained membrane fragments and had a halo-like periphery composed of proliferated membranes. Cell debris, membrane fragments, and small CMAs were observed in the sinusoids. Membrane fragments were also observed in the bile canaliculi and bile ducts. Intoxicated bile duct cells contained more cytoplasmic myelin whorls and altered mitochondria. In contrast to the previously reported study of a single dose, these liver alterations showed a strong dose dependence, emphasizing the importance of time and method of administration. The cytoplasmic vacuoles, which were not pronounced in the previous study, are here a prominent alteration, probably originating from outpouchings of canaliculi and sinusoidal membranes. A hypothesis for the mechanism of hepatocyte detoxification based on the proliferated SER and ejection of membrane fragments is proposed.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Turner JN,Collins DNdoi
10.1016/0041-008x(84)90099-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-05-01 00:00:00pages
464-77issue
3eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is teratogenic in mice, inducing cleft palate and hydronephrosis at doses which are not overtly maternally toxic or embryotoxic. After TCDD exposure the palatal shelves of normal size come into contact, but fail to fuse due to altered differentiation of the medial epithelial ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(90)90337-t
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since it was recently shown that the addition of nicotinamide (NAM) to pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) cell monolayers significantly altered their ATP pools (Nadeau and Lane, 1988), the effects of the vitamin on the metabolism of the cells, exposed or not to very short chrysotile asbestos fibers (VSF), were evalu...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(89)90142-7
更新日期：1989-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nickel (Ni) carcinogenesis is thought to involve gene chip silencing by epigenetic mechanisms. Serpina3g, a member of the mouse serpin family, was among the most down-regulated genes (32-fold) in response to Ni exposure of mouse cells based on the Affymetrix gene chip. Serpina3g down-regulation was controlled by a hyp...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2003.08.011
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thiocyanate anions (SCN-) as the end products of tobacco smoke and found in the blood of cigarette smokers have been implicated in atherogenesis and heart diseases. Magnesium deficiency has also been implicated in the etiology of atherogenesis. The contractile responses of rat aorta to SCN- and the modulation of extra...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1999.8666
更新日期：1999-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanisms of cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity were generally thought to be hemodynamic in origin; however, there is now accumulating evidence of a direct tubular effect. Although genomic and proteomic experiments by our group and others provided overall information on genes and proteins up- or down-regulat...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.11.007
更新日期：2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of accumulated inorganic mercury deposits in the cortex of the calcarine sulcus of adult female Macaca fascicularis following long-term subclinical exposure to methyl-mercury (MeHg) and mercuric chloride (inorganic mercury-IHg) has been determined by autometallography. Four groups of monkeys were expo...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1995.1114
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetaminophen (APAP) nephrotoxicity has been observed both in humans and research animals. Recent studies suggest a contributory role for glutathione (GSH)-derived conjugates of APAP in the development of nephrotoxicity. Inhibitors of either gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) or the probenecid-sensitive organic ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2004.06.030
更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonmelanoma skin cancer is the most common cancer among humans and solar UV radiation, particularly its UVB component (290-320 nm), is its major cause. One way to reduce the occurrence of the cancer is via the use of substances (often antioxidants) termed "photochemopreventive agents". Resveratrol (trans-3,4',5-trihyd...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0041-008x(02)00014-5
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of the organophosphate, soman (pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate), on neuritic growth and substrate utilization by mammalian autonomic neural tissue was studied using explants of the rat superior cervical ganglion as a model. Soman produced a dose-dependent decrease in neuritic outgrowth from explants ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(84)90206-0
更新日期：1984-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Infants exposed to second hand smoke (SHS) experience more problems with wheezing. This study was designed to determine if perinatal SHS exposure increases intrinsic and/or in vivo airway responsiveness to methacholine and whether potential structural/cellular alterations in the airway might explain the change in resp...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2008.10.018
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Marijuana or synthetic cannabinoids and alcohol are often used together, with these combinations causing motor impairments that can subsequently lead to motor vehicle accidents. This study investigated the combined use of both synthetic cannabinoids and ethanol and their effect on motor coordination in mice in additio...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.115283
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disintegrins and disintegrin-like proteins are molecules found in the venom of four snake families (Atractaspididae, Elapidae, Viperidae, and Colubridae). The disintegrins are nonenzymatic proteins that inhibit cell-cell interactions, cell-matrix interactions, and signal transduction, and may have potential in the tre...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2005.07.004
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that fumonisin B1 (FB1) inhibits ceramide synthase, resulting in accumulation of free sphinganine and sphingosine. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) plays an important role in FB1 toxicity and the expression of TNFalpha mRNA in liver and kidney is increased following FB1 exposure in mi...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2001.9189
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of oral exposure to 0, 5, and 25 mg/kg body wt vomitoxin (VT) on cytokine mRNA levels in spleen, Peyer's patches (PP), liver, kidney, and small intestine were evaluated in B6C3F1 mice at 2 and 4 hr postexposure using RT-PCR in conjunction with Southern hybridization analysis. The abundance of mRNAs for sev...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1995.1132
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic hypertension induces vascular remodeling. The most important factor for hypertension treatment is reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. OW1 is a novel imperatorin derivative that exhibits vasodilative activity and antihypertensive effects in two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) renovascular hypertensive rats. It ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2015.02.019
更新日期：2015-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Trimethyltin (TMT), is a hippocampal neurotoxicant characterized by neuronal degeneration, astrogliosis, and microglia reactivity with an associated elevation in proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels. To examine the role of proinflammatory cytokines in the TMT-induced glia response, mixed cortical glia cultures were ex...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.2002.9390
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a bile acid-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. FXR deficiency in mice results in cholestasis, metabolic disorders, and tumorigenesis in liver and intestine. FXR is known to contribute to pathogenesis by regulating gene transcription; however,...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2012.11.012
更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) to detoxify cocaine in vivo was evaluated. Intravenous administration of BChE, at doses sufficient to increase the plasma levels of the enzyme as much as 800-fold, produced no adverse effects on the cardiovascular, autonomic, or central nervous systems of rats. ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1997.8187
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) induces inflammatory signaling characterized by MAP kinase-mediated activation of NFkB and AP-1 in vitro and in bronchial biopsies obtained from human subjects exposed to DEP. NFkB and AP-1 activation results in the upregulation of genes involved in promoting inflammation in ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2009.11.011
更新日期：2010-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Arsenic, an environmental contaminant in drinking water worldwide is well-established to increase cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in humans. Of these, thrombotic events represent a major adverse effect associated with arsenic exposure, for which an abundance of epidemiological evidence exists. Platelet aggregation cons...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2020.114912
更新日期：2020-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Engineered nanomaterials are being developed for a variety of technological applications. However, the increasing use of nanomaterials in society has led to concerns about their potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. During the first decade of nanotoxicological research, the realization has eme...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2015.12.014
更新日期：2016-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanisms of particulate matter (PM)-induced cardiotoxicity are not fully understood. Direct translocation of PM-associated metals, including zinc, may mediate this effect. We hypothesized that following a single intratracheal instillation (IT), zinc directly translocates outside of the lungs, reaching the heart. To ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2008.09.024
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycotoxin citrinin (CTN) is commonly found in foods and feeds that are contaminated/inoculated with Penicillium, Aspergillus and Monascus species. The exposure of human embryonic kidney (HEK293) and HeLa cells to CTN resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the phosphorylation of two major mitogen-activated protein ki...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2009.03.021
更新日期：2009-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Our previous studies in mice revealed that two weeks short-term toxicity of sodium selenosulfate was significantly lower than that of sodium selenite, but selenium repletion efficacy of both compounds was equivalent. In addition, we showed that sodium selenosulfate reduced nephrotoxicity of cisplatin (CDDP) without co...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2011.11.020
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethylnitrosourea (ENU) is a proven animal teratogen, although the mechanism of its developmental toxicity is unknown. The micromass rat embryo midbrain (CNS) and limb bud (LB) cultures were used in an effort to determine potential mechanisms by which ENU may exert its teratogenic effect. When cultured at high cell den...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(90)90295-6
更新日期：1990-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased incidence of mortality and morbidity due to cardiopulmonary complications has been found to associate with elevated levels of particulate air pollution (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 10 microm, PM10 and <2.5 microm, PM2. 5). Lung injury and an imbalance of inflammatory mediators are propo...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/taap.1998.8591
更新日期：1999-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (50 mg/kg, i.p.) selectively deplete mouse bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic cells through a process that is dependent on CYP1B1. 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), which forms greater amounts of dihydrodiol-epoxide-DNA adducts in BM, is much more effective in depleting BM cell...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2004.06.026
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is potentially an important source of cellular oxidative stress. Human HOCl exposure can occur from chlorine gas inhalation or from endogenous sources of HOCl, such as respiratory burst by phagocytes. Transcription factor Nrf2 is a key regulator of cellular redox status and serves as a primary...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2009.04.007
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rodent bioassays indicate that B6C3F1 mice are more sensitive to the carcinogenicity of benzene than are rats. The urinary profile of benzene metabolites is different in rats vs mice. Mice produce higher proportions of hydroquinone conjugates and muconic acid, indicators of metabolism via pathways leading to putative ...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0041-008x(92)90078-7
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) has already entered clinical trials of solid tumors over ten years. However, the limited anticancer activity and dose-dependent toxicity restrict its clinical application. Here, we offered convincing evidence that CA-4 induced autophagy in various cancer cells, which was demonstrated by acrid...
journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.taap.2013.11.018
更新日期：2014-01-15 00:00:00
