Effects of soman on neuritic outgrowth and substrate utilization by explants of the rat superior cervical ganglion.

abstract：:Tattooing is a popular cosmetic practice involving more than 45 million US citizens. Since the toxicology of tattoo inks and pigments used to formulate tattoo inks has not been reported, we studied the immunological impact of tattooing and determined recovery time from this trauma. SKH-1 hairless mice were tattooed us...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gopee NV,Cui Y,Olson G,Warbritton AR,Miller BJ,Couch LH,Wamer WG,Howard PC

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylmercury (MeHg) is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant which is transported into the mammalian cells when present as the methylmercury-cysteine conjugate (MeHg-Cys). With special emphasis on hepatic cells, due to their particular propensity to accumulate an appreciable amount of Hg after exposure to MeHg, this ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Roos DH,Puntel RL,Farina M,Aschner M,Bohrer D,Rocha JB,de Vargas Barbosa NB

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanisms of particulate matter (PM)-induced cardiotoxicity are not fully understood. Direct translocation of PM-associated metals, including zinc, may mediate this effect. We hypothesized that following a single intratracheal instillation (IT), zinc directly translocates outside of the lungs, reaching the heart. To ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Wallenborn JG,Kovalcik KD,McGee JK,Landis MS,Kodavanti UP

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inflammasome is a multi-protein complex which when activated regulates caspase-1 activation and IL-1β and IL-18 secretion. The NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome is constitutively assembled and activated in human melanoma cells. We have examined the inhibitory effect of thymoqui...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ahmad I,Muneer KM,Tamimi IA,Chang ME,Ata MO,Yusuf N

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High- and low- Se diets received by dams during gestation and lactation are related to insulin resistance in their pups. High-Se diet leads to an increase in serum insulin levels, which does not function properly, and an anabolic process. Low-Se diet is related to very low insulin values and an extreme catabolic energ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ojeda ML,Carreras O,Díaz-Castro J,Murillo ML,Nogales F

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Occupational exposure to low molecular weight chemicals, like trimellitic anhydride (TMA), can result in occupational asthma. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are among the first cells to encounter inhaled compounds. These cells can produce many different mediators that have a putative role in asthma. In this study, we exam...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Valstar DL,Schijf MA,Nijkamp FP,Storm G,Arts JH,Kuper CF,Bloksma N,Henricks PA

更新日期：2006-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Tissue concentrations of mercury were determined by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry in different inbred mouse strains after continuous treatment with HgCl2 (3 weekly sc injections of 0.5 mg/kg bw) for up to 12 weeks. Except for the thymus, in which steadily increasing mercury concentrations were found, in st...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Griem P,Scholz E,Turfeld M,Zander D,Wiesner U,Dunemann L,Gleichmann E

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Freely moving rats were exposed to sarin vapor (34.2+/-0.8 microg/l) for 10 min. Mortality at 24 h was 35% and toxic sings in the surviving rats ranged from sever (prolonged convulsions) through moderate to almost no overt signs. Some of the surviving rats developed delayed, intermittent convulsions. All rats were eva...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Grauer E,Chapman S,Rabinovitz I,Raveh L,Weissman BA,Kadar T,Allon N

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the capacity of cultured whole rat embryos to convert 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) to reactive metabolites capable of eliciting dysmorphogenic effects in the same embryos. Cultured embryos (Sprague-Dawley) were exposed to AAF for periods of 2 or 24 hr, after which metabolites were isolated from the...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Juchau MR,Bark DH,Shewey LM,Greenaway JC

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a growing recognition of the need to identify when exposures to specific combinations of chemicals result in toxicological effects of concern. In order to meet this need new tools are required to evaluate the doses of multiple chemicals that occur from the concurrent exposures to multiple sources of the chemi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Arnold SF,Price PS,LifeLine Group.

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reversal of saxitoxin (STX; 10 micrograms/kg, ip) induced cardiorespiratory effects by oxygen ventilation and burro-raised alpha-STX antitoxin (60 mg/kg, i.v.) was studied in urethane-anesthetized guinea pigs acutely instrumented for concurrent monitoring of medullary respiratory-related single units, diaphragm EMG, L...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Benton BJ,Rivera VR,Hewetson JF,Chang FC

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyrrolizidine alkaloids such as monocrotaline (MCT) are toxic plant constituents which poison livestock and humans. Low doses of MCT given to rats result in cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic sequelae similar to forms of chronic pulmonary hypertension in man. This provides a useful model of human disease. The toxicology...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Roth RA,Ganey PE

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The disposition and metabolism of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) was investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in order to better understand the metabolic and physiological factors that modulate the fate of this extremely toxic compound in rainbow trout compared to other species. The fish were dosed ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Steward AR,Maslanka R,Pangrekar J,Kumar S,Sikka HC

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most commonly used chemical mixtures risk assessment methods involve simple notions of additivity and toxicological similarity. Newer methods are emerging in response to the complexities of chemical mixture exposures and effects. Factors based on both science and policy drive decisions regarding whether to conduct...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Teuschler LK

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following po administration of a nephrotoxic dose (200 mg/kg) of hexachloro-1:3-butadiene (HCBD) to male rats, the principal route of excretion was biliary, 17-20% of the dose being eliminated on each of the first 2 days. Fecal excretion over this period was less than 5% of the dose per day, suggesting enterohepatic r...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Nash JA,King LJ,Lock EA,Green T

更新日期：1984-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Dietary 2(3)-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA) treatment has been shown to increase hepatic glutathione (GSH) content in rats and mice. Subsequent studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that hepatic gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS) activity is increased in mice treated with dietary BHA. To test whether thi...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Borroz KI,Buetler TM,Eaton DL

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low dietary concentrations of methionine and cysteine are known to decrease hepatic glutathione content. However, it is not known if restricting the dietary content of these sulfur containing amino acids also affects hepatic levels of adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS), the cofactor for sulfation, or meta...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sendelbach LE,White CA,Howell S,Gregus Z,Klaassen CD

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Technical grade dinitrotoluene (DNT) is hepatocarcinogenic when fed to rats. DNT is oxidatively metabolized by hepatic enzymes and reductively metabolized by rat intestinal microflora in vitro. The objectives of the present studies were to determine the importance of bile as a route of excretion for DNT metabolites an...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Medinsky MA,Dent JG

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The esters of the general structure, [CH(SH)COOR]2, i.e., Di-BDMS, R = CH2CH(CH3)2; Ds-BDMS, R = CH(CH3)CH2CH3; Di-ADMS, R = CH2CH2CH(CH3)2; and D3-ADMS, R = CH(CH2CH3)2 from the reaction of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid with isobutyl, sec-butyl, isoamyl, and 3-amyl alcohols, respectively, have been prepared, chara...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Singh PK,Jones MM,Gale GR,Atkins LM,Smith AB

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in body weight, feed intake, hepatic cellularity, and intermediary metabolism were assessed in the mature male (450 g) rat following 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) administration. All animals were schedule-fed (8-hr feeding period/24 hr) and treated with a single oral dose of either TCDD (75 microg...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Christian BJ,Menahan LA,Peterson RE

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) can protect the liver from injury produced by a variety of hepatotoxicants when administered prior to or concomitant with the toxicants. This protective action has previously been attributed to DMSO-induced inhibition of bioactivation of the compounds to toxic intermediates. In these studies,...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lind RC,Gandolfi AJ

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was undertaken to determine whether alterations in the gene expression or overt histological signs of neurotoxicity in selected regions of the forebrain might occur from acrylamide exposure via drinking water. Gene expression at the mRNA level was evaluated by cDNA array and/or RT-PCR analysis in the striatum,...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Bowyer JF,Latendresse JR,Delongchamp RR,Warbritton AR,Thomas M,Divine B,Doerge DR

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The female reproductive toxicity of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and its active metabolite mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) is attributed to suppression of ovarian granulosa cell estradiol production. In these studies, several structurally related phthalates (0-200 microM) and Wy-14,643 (0-100 microM) were compared...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lovekamp TN,Davis BJ

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methemoglobin formation, as well as hemoglobin or DNA adducts, are useful biomarkers of occupational exposure to certain arylamines. It has been suggested that, in liver from animals not treated with a cytochrome P450 (CYP) inducer, hepatic CYP1A2 is the major P450 involved in N-hydroxylation. This is the first step i...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Shertzer HG,Dalton TP,Talaska G,Nebert DW

更新日期：2002-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The protective effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a biliary component found in bears, on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced testicular damage in mice was investigated. Fifty C57BL/6J mice were equally divided into five groups. The mice in the control group received the vehicle and standard chow. Th...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Kwon YI,Yeon JD,Oh SM,Chung KH

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following a formulation change, a leather conditioner was involved in a 1992 nationwide outbreak of respiratory illness. We investigated the composition and toxicity of the conditioner produced before (previous product) and after (new product) the disease outbreak. The new product induced tachypnea, pulmonary edema, p...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Hubbs AF,Castranova V,Ma JY,Frazer DG,Siegel PD,Ducatman BS,Grote A,Schwegler-Berry D,Robinson VA,Van Dyke C,Barger M,Xiang J,Parker J

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stress response proteins can play integral roles as modulators of cellular function and can be involved in mechanisms that are important to immune function. Metallothionein (MT), a cysteine-rich stress response protein, has been shown to play numerous roles in the cell: it serves as a reservoir of essential heavy meta...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Crowthers KC,Kline V,Giardina C,Lynes MA

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Occupational exposure to nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and arsenic (As) containing compounds has been associated with lung cancer and other adverse health effects. Their carcinogenic properties may be attributable in part, to activation and/or repression of gene expression induced by changes in the DNA methylation statu...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Zhou X,Li Q,Arita A,Sun H,Costa M

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is an oxidative stress-response enzyme which catalyzes the degradation of heme into bilirubin, ferric ion, and carbon monoxide (CO). Induction of HO-1 was reported to have antitumor activity; the inhibitory mechanism, however, is still unclear. In the present study, we found that treatment with [...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lee WY,Chen YC,Shih CM,Lin CM,Cheng CH,Chen KC,Lin CW

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spontaneous activity represents an early, primitive form of motor activity within zebrafish embryos, providing a potential readout for identification of neuroactive compounds. However, despite use as an endpoint in chemical screens around the world, the predictive power and limitations of assays relying on spontaneous...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Vliet SM,Ho TC,Volz DC

更新日期：2017-08-15 00:00:00