Abstract:
:Tissue concentrations of mercury were determined by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry in different inbred mouse strains after continuous treatment with HgCl2 (3 weekly sc injections of 0.5 mg/kg bw) for up to 12 weeks. Except for the thymus, in which steadily increasing mercury concentrations were found, in steady state levels of mercury were reached in blood and liver after 4 weeks and in spleen and kidney after 8 weeks. In the closely related strains C57BL/6, B10.D2, and B10.S, which differ only or primarily at the major histocompatibility complex, mercury concentrations in blood and liver were about twofold lower and renal concentrations were about three- to fivefold lower than those detected in strains A.SW and DBA/2. Another strain difference was observed in the spleen: after 8 and 12 weeks of continuous HgCl2 treatment, mercury concentrations in the spleen of strains A.SW, C57BL/6, and B10.S were significantly higher than those in strains DBA/2 and B10.D2. The strain difference in the spleen, an organ of the immune system, correlates with the susceptibility to the HgCl2-induced systemic autoimmune syndrome in mice in that the strains showing a higher mercury accumulation in the spleen are susceptible to this form of chemically induced autoimmunity, whereas the strains with lower mercury concentrations in the spleen are resistant.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Griem P,Scholz E,Turfeld M,Zander D,Wiesner U,Dunemann L,Gleichmann Edoi
10.1006/taap.1997.8124subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-05-01 00:00:00pages
163-70issue
1eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333pii
S0041-008X(97)98124-2journal_volume
144pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Following po administration of a nephrotoxic dose (200 mg/kg) of hexachloro-1:3-butadiene (HCBD) to male rats, the principal route of excretion was biliary, 17-20% of the dose being eliminated on each of the first 2 days. Fecal excretion over this period was less than 5% of the dose per day, suggesting enterohepatic r...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(84)90061-9
更新日期:1984-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Catechol estrogens have been postulated to mediate estradiol-induced kidney tumorigenesis in Syrian hamsters. As part of an examination of this postulate, we studied the influence of quercetin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, on the incidence and severity of estrogen-induced kidney tumors, on the metabolic activation of est...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1059
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Steatosis is the characteristic type of VPA-induced hepatotoxicity and may result in life-threatening hepatic lesion. Approximately 61% of patients treated with VPA have been diagnosed with hepatic steatosis through ultrasound examination. However, the mechanisms underlying VPA-induced intracellular fat accumulation a...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2017.03.022
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work in our laboratory has shown that the continuous administration of alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a highly specific irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis, prevented the development of pulmonary hypertension and right ven...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(85)90124-3
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhalation of sulfur mustard (SM), a bifunctional alkylating agent that causes severe lung damage, is a significant threat to both military and civilian populations. The mechanisms mediating its cytotoxic effects are unknown and were investigated in the present studies. Male rats Crl:CD(SD) were anesthetized, and then...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2010.07.018
更新日期:2010-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Prescribing appropriate Tacrolimus (Tac) dosing is still a challenge for clinicians due to the interindividual variability in dose requirement and the narrow therapeutic index. Our objective is to identify potential factors that affects Tac exposure in Tunisian Kidney patients and to develop and validate a Tac dose re...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2020.115245
更新日期:2020-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to evaluate an alternative mucosal irritation test using the slug Arion lusitanicus as test organism. The effect of 28 reference substances on the mucosal tissue of the slugs was determined by the amount of mucus produced, the reduction in body weight, and the release of proteins from t...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.2002.9444
更新日期:2002-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Puerarin is a natural product isolated from Puerarin lobata and has various pharmacological effects, including anti-hyperglycemic and anti-allergic properties. In the present study, we investigated the effect of puerarin against advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced inflammation in mouse mesangial cells. Puer...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.12.023
更新日期:2010-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Decreased daily sperm production (DSP) and cauda epididymal sperm number (CESN) are some of the most sensitive effects of in utero and lactational 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure. The reduction in CESN cannot be fully accounted for by decreased spermatogenesis. To explain the decrease in CESN it wa...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1996.0207
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of toxicovigilance encompasses the active detection, validation and follow-up of clinical adverse events related to toxic exposures in human beings. Poison centers are key players in this function as poisoning statistics are essential to define the cause, incidence and severity of poisonings occurring in t...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.02.019
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numbers of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are steadily increasing. Therefore, alternative testing approaches with reduced costs and high predictivity suitable for high throughput screening and prioritization are urgently needed to ensure a fast and effective development of safe products. In parallel, extensive resear...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2016.01.019
更新日期:2016-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Bropirimine is an immunomodulator with experimental antiviral and antitumor activities. This pyrimidinone has been found to be embryolethal at doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) that produce only transient maternal toxicity, when administered to pregnant Upj:TUC(SD)spf rats on specific days of gestation. Serum analyses carried...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(91)90275-j
更新日期:1991-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolism of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP, 2.0 mM) by glutathione peroxidase within isolated rat hepatocytes caused a rapid oxidation of intracellular reduced glutathione and ultimately NADPH through glutathione reductase. TBHP also caused the formation of surface blebs in the hepatocyte plasma membrane followed by...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(86)90267-x
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1,6-Hexamethylene diisocyanate biuret trimer (HDI-BT) is a nonvolatile isocyanate that is a component of polyurethane spray paints. HDI-BT is a potent irritant that when inhaled stimulates sensory nerves of the respiratory tract. The role of sensory nerves in modulating lung injury following inhalation of HDI-BT was a...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2007.06.007
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::It was investigated whether protective influence of zinc (Zn) against cadmium (Cd)-induced disorders in bone metabolism may be related to its antioxidative properties and impact on the receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κΒ (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system. Numerous indices of oxidative/an...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2013.05.016
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biodistribution of cocaine in female rats before and after delivery of litters was studied in order to provide an explanation for the observed differences in cocaine-induced toxicity in pregnant and postpartum rats. Cocaine (20 mg/kg, ip) given to female rats at 16 days of gestation or 20 days of gestation did not hav...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1993.1018
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The glutathione precursor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is currently being tested on Parkinson's patients for its neuroprotective properties. Our studies have shown that NAC can elicit protection in glutathione-independent manners in vitro. Thus, the goal of the present study was to establish an animal model of NAC-mediat...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2016.02.010
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic inhalation of high concentrations of respirable quartz particles has been implicated in various lung diseases including lung fibrosis and cancer. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress is considered a major mechanism of quartz toxicity. Curcumin, a yellow pigment from Curcuma longa, h...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2007.10.002
更新日期:2008-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Baicalin is a major flavonoid compound purified from Scutellariae radix, which has been described as an herb in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Previous studies have suggested baicalin possessed extensive anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-viral properties. However, up to known, there have been no reports of safety and t...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2017.08.003
更新日期:2017-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Besides pathology endpoints, additional immune function endpoints have been included in the Note for Guidance on Repeated Dose Toxicity by the European Union (July 2001), which concern the analysis of antibody responses to a T-cell-dependent antigen. Guidance papers of other regulatory authorities are published as wel...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.02.030
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulindac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with demonstrated potency as a chemopreventive agent in animal models of carcinogenesis and in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Because tumor promotion is generally associated with exposure to pro-inflammatory stimuli, it is likely that anti-inflammatory a...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2003.09.030
更新日期:2004-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Statins are widely used to treat lipid disorders. These drugs are safe and well tolerated; however, in <1% of patients, myopathy and/or rhabdomyolysis can develop. To better understand the mechanism of statin-induced myopathy, we examined the ability of structurally distinct statins to induce apoptosis in an optimized...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2004.04.010
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a part of the serotoninergic dysfunction implicated in neurobiology of depression, evidence has focused on serotonin (5-HT) receptors downstream signaling intermediates including glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Our team...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2017.12.018
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-dependent changes related to liver injury and regeneration were studied in rats aged 2, 12, and 30 months in a time period of 96 hr following a sublethal dose of thioacetamide (6.6 mmoles/kg body wt). Serum aspartate aminotransferase activity increased earlier in young rats, but the severity of injury was higher i...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1998.8541
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nickel (Ni) carcinogenesis is thought to involve gene chip silencing by epigenetic mechanisms. Serpina3g, a member of the mouse serpin family, was among the most down-regulated genes (32-fold) in response to Ni exposure of mouse cells based on the Affymetrix gene chip. Serpina3g down-regulation was controlled by a hyp...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2003.08.011
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metformin is a first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and is often prescribed in combination with other drugs to control a patient's blood glucose level and achieve their HbA1c goal. New treatment options for T2D will likely include fixed dose combinations with metformin, which may require preclini...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.11.026
更新日期:2010-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The popularity of hair dyes use has been increasing regularly throughout the world as per the demand of hair coloring fashion trends and other cosmetic products. 2-Amino-3-hydroxypyridine (A132) is widely used as a hair dye ingredient around the world. We are reporting first time the phototoxicity mechanism of A132 un...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2016.02.022
更新日期:2016-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Energy metabolism and reproduction are closely linked and reciprocally regulated. The detrimental effect of underweight on reproduction complicates the safety evaluation of anti-obesity drugs, making it challenging to distinguish pathological changes mediated through the intended drug-induced weight loss from direct d...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2020.115152
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Speciation of arsenicals in biological samples is an essential tool to gain insight into its distribution in tissues and its species-specific toxicity to target organs. Biological samples (urine, hair, fingernail) examined in the present study were collected from 41 people of West Bengal, India, who were drinking arse...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2003.10.030
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) affinity, and cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) protein and activity in polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-induced oxidative stress. In the 1-100nM concentration range benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) but not benzo[e]pyrene (BeP) competitively displaced 2nM [(3)H]2, 3, 7, 8-tetr...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2011.04.015
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00