HIV proteinase inhibitors containing 2-aminobenzylstatine as a novel scissile bond replacement: biochemical and pharmacological characterization.

Abstract:

:Derivation of the 2-aminobenzylstatine containing HIV-1 proteinase (PR) inhibitor I led to a series of compounds with considerably improved antiviral activity, the most potent derivatives inhibiting HIV-1 with IC50 values below 25 nM. This was achieved by the combination of several structural modifications, most prominently by introduction of a benzimidazole heterocycle into the inhibitor. The mode of action of the 2-aminobenzylstatine PR inhibitors was demonstrated to be inhibition of gag precursor processing. The antiviral efficacy of the PR inhibitors was demonstrated in various cell lines, in primary T4 lymphocytes and in monocytes. The most potent compound (XI) inhibited replication of several HIV-1 clinical isolates in primary cells with IC50 values of 8 to 23 nM. The analysis of the pharmacokinetic behaviour of compounds I and VII revealed blood half-lives in rodents in the range of about 1.5 h. Compound I also showed appreciable oral uptake in mice (18%), but yielded no detectable blood levels in rats after oral administration. Benzimidazole containing compounds like VII were not orally bioavailable to a significant extent, neither in mice nor in rats. Thus, while introduction of a benzimidazole group into the PR inhibitors was a successful structural modification with regard to antiviral activity in cell culture, it completely abolished oral bioavailability.

journal_name

Antiviral Res

journal_title

Antiviral research

authors

Billich A,Charpiot B,Fricker G,Gstach H,Lehr P,Peichl P,Scholz D,Rosenwirth B

doi

10.1016/0166-3542(94)90005-1

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1994-12-01 00:00:00

pages

215-33

issue

3-4

eissn

0166-3542

issn

1872-9096

pii

0166-3542(94)90005-1

journal_volume

25

pub_type

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