Subtypes of hepatitis B surface antigen in familial clusters of hepatitis B virus carriers.

abstract：:Since 2005, California law allowed over-the-counter (OTC) syringe sales pending local authorization. Although pharmacy sales of OTC syringes are associated with reduced injection-mediated risks and decreases in human immunodeficiency virus infection rates, little is known about the factors associated with syringe purc...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Stopka TJ,Lutnick A,Wenger LD,Deriemer K,Geraghty EM,Kral AH

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A common-source epidemic of hepatitis A occurred in an Athenian institution boarding 38 children (mean age 4.8 years). All children were examined, and blood was drawn from each at the onset of the study and repeatedly during the next three months. Only one child (2.6%) was initially immune to hepatitis A virus as a re...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tassopoulos NC,Roumeliotou-Karayannis A,Sakka M,Ticehurst J,Mihalik K,Stephanou T,Purcell RH,Papaevangelou G

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several human populations in California were surveyed cross-sectionally and longitudinally for neutralizing antibodies to selected arthropod-borne bunyaviruses in the California and Bunyamwera serogroups. Overall, the prevalence of antibodies to California serogroup viruses was 6.4% in 702 individuals sampled during 1...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Campbell GL,Reeves WC,Hardy JL,Eldridge BF

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gender and cigarette smoking are among the most consistent predictors of bladder cancer risk. After adjustment for known risk factors, an excess risk remains for males, suggesting that other factors may be responsible for the gender differences. Given limited data on hormonal or reproductive factors and bladder cancer...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： McGrath M,Michaud DS,De Vivo I

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More than half of the US population has received the smallpox vaccine, but it is unknown what fraction is still protected against infection and disease. Residual protection and age-dependent case-fatality ratios have therefore been widely neglected in the current bioterrorism debate. The author analyzed 1902-1903 data...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Eichner M

更新日期：2003-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The prenatal course, labor and delivery of 90 mothers of infants who died of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) in Connecticut from 1974 through 1976 were studied by hospital chart reviews. Charts of 90 pair-matched controls whose infants survived the first year of life were also examined. Significant associations we...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Arsenault PS

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whether caffeine intake during pregnancy is related to intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, and preterm birth remains unclear. The purpose of this population-based study is to assess these associations and to evaluate the interaction between caffeine intake and smoking. The study participants (n = 7,025)...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Fortier I,Marcoux S,Beaulac-Baillargeon L

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Left-truncated and interval-censored data, termed dynamic cohort data, arise in longitudinal studies with rolling admissions and only occasional follow-up. The authors compared four approaches for analyzing such data: a constant hazard model; maximum likelihood estimation with flexible parametric models; the midpoint ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Williamson JM,Satten GA,Hanson JA,Weinstock H,Datta S

更新日期：2001-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to determine whether a less favorable risk factor pattern for cardiovascular disease among persons with impaired glucose tolerance could be explained by fasting insulin, obesity, and/or a central distribution of body fat. Between 1984 and 1988, cardiovascular risk factors were examined ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Burchfiel CM,Shetterly SM,Baxter J,Hamman RF

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pemphigus is a severe, autoimmune, blistering disorder with a high incidence among young women in rural Tunisia. The authors investigated explanatory environmental factors. A multicenter case-control study was conducted prospectively from 1992 to 1996 in Tunisia. Sixty-eight incident female cases of pemphigus and 166 ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bastuji-Garin S,Turki H,Mokhtar I,Nouira R,Fazaa B,Jomaa B,Zahaf A,Osman AB,Souissi R,Hémon D,Roujeau JC,Kamoun MR

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the association between mood disorders and risk of herpes zoster in two case-control studies using data from nationwide Danish registries and practices in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We included incident zoster cases diagnosed in general practice (using systemic antivirals as a proxy in Den...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Schmidt SAJ,Langan SM,Pedersen HS,Schønheyder HC,Thomas SL,Smeeth L,Mansfield KE,Sørensen HT,Forbes HJ,Vestergaard M

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electric power transmission lines have become objects of public controversy. Hypotheses have linked neurobehavioral effects to the electric and magnetic fields that these lines produce. The authors conducted a telephone interview survey in November 1987 to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and headache in r...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Poole C,Kavet R,Funch DP,Donelan K,Charry JM,Dreyer NA

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternal genetic variation may serve as a biomarker in studies aimed at clarifying fetal determinants of infant or adult disease. The log-linear approach to case-parent triad data (LCPT) can be used to investigate maternal genetic polymorphisms in relation to offspring disease risk, but LCPT operating characteristics ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Starr JR,Hsu L,Schwartz SM

更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This cohort study sought to estimate the differences in risk of delivering infants who were small or large for gestational age (SGA or LGA, respectively) according to exercise during the first trimester of pregnancy (vs. no exercise) among 2,286 women receiving care at Kaiser Permanente Northern California in 2013-201...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ehrlich SF,Neugebauer RS,Feng J,Hedderson MM,Ferrara A

更新日期：2020-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined whether early gestational exposures to pesticides were associated with an increased risk of anencephaly, spina bifida, cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP), or cleft palate only. We used population-based data along with detailed information from maternal interviews. Exposure estimates were based on...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Yang W,Carmichael SL,Roberts EM,Kegley SE,Padula AM,English PB,Shaw GM

更新日期：2014-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The US Great Recession resulted in an alarming number of home foreclosures that weakened the social and physical environment of thousands of neighborhoods. Few studies have evaluated whether these neighborhood changes were related to changes in individual behaviors. We examined the relationship between changes in neig...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Crawford ND,Moore K,Christine PJ,Barrientos-Gutierrez T,Seeman T,Diez Roux AV

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is expanding consensus on the need to modernize the training of cancer epidemiologists to accommodate rapidly emerging technological advancements and the digital age, which are transforming the practice of cancer epidemiology. There is also a growing imperative to extend cancer epidemiology research that is etio...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Spitz MR,Lam TK,Schully SD,Khoury MJ

更新日期：2014-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that women with a family history of breast cancer run a higher risk of breast cancer than do women without a family history. The evidence, however, is less clear regarding a possible association between a family history of breast cancer and risk of second primaries. The purpose of this prospecti...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Bernstein JL,Thompson WD,Risch N,Holford TR

更新日期：1992-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Since 1963, the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B), formerly the Cholera Research Laboratory, has maintained a field station in Matlab to treat patients from a surveillance population of 240,000 who have cholera and other diarrheal diseases. Since 1966, the authors have analyzed...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Glass RI,Becker S,Huq MI,Stoll BJ,Khan MU,Merson MH,Lee JV,Black RE

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Case-control studies involving more than two disease and referent categories may be analyzed by means of polychotomous logistic regression, an extension of the usual dichotomous logistic regression model. Although the standard method still may be used to compare the several disease subgroups in pairs, the polychotomou...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dubin N,Pasternack BS

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research on inflammatory bowel disease risk among oral contraceptive users has reached conflicting conclusions. This population-based case-control study evaluated the effects of oral contraceptive use on ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease risk. Cases were women enrollees, aged 15-68 years, of Group Health Cooperat...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Boyko EJ,Theis MK,Vaughan TL,Nicol-Blades B

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-level arsenic exposure is consistently associated with QT prolongation, a risk factor for arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Arsenic may act on QT by increasing cardiac calcium currents. The authors hypothesized that low-level arsenic exposure would be associated with QT duration and that this effect would be s...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Mordukhovich I,Wright RO,Amarasiriwardena C,Baja E,Baccarelli A,Suh H,Sparrow D,Vokonas P,Schwartz J

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Physical functioning measures are considered integrated markers of the aging process. This prospective investigation examined relations between dietary intake of women at midlife in 1996-1997 and prevalence of physical functioning limitations 4 years later, defined by the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36. The samp...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tomey KM,Sowers MR,Crandall C,Johnston J,Jannausch M,Yosef M

更新日期：2008-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of characteristics of social networks and support on depressive symptoms in the elderly. The subjects were 1,962 noninstitutionalized persons 65 years and older from the New Haven Establishment of Populations for Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly in 1982, who were a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Oxman TE,Berkman LF,Kasl S,Freeman DH Jr,Barrett J

更新日期：1992-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Few studies have determined risk factors for diarrheal deaths in developing areas. The Ministry of Health of Lesotho, southern Africa, reported that 9.5% of children under five years of age who were hospitalized for diarrhea in 1984 died. Of 104 children under five years of age who died during hospitalization for diar...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Griffin PM,Ryan CA,Nyaphisi M,Hargrett-Bean N,Waldman RJ,Blake PA

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large health care databases are used extensively for pharmacoepidemiologic studies. Unique methodological issues arise when applying self-controlled designs (i.e., using within-person comparisons) for active surveillance of newly marketed drugs. We use 3 examples to illustrate bias related to population-level exposure...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wang SV,Schneeweiss S,Maclure M,Gagne JJ

更新日期：2014-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the prevalence of cysticercosis in a rural area where the disease is endemic, the authors studied the seroepidemiology of human and porcine cysticercosis in a Peruvian jungle community (Maceda, Peru) in 1988 using an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) assay. Of the 371 sampled inhabitants, 30...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Diaz F,Garcia HH,Gilman RH,Gonzales AE,Castro M,Tsang VC,Pilcher JB,Vasquez LE,Lescano M,Carcamo C

更新日期：1992-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolving concept of gender-based violence (GBV) is a multifaceted issue of public health significance. Until recently, most studies examining GBV have been conducted in North America. In this issue of the Journal, Palermo et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2014;179(5):602-612) report their secondary analyses involving approx...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Beydoun HA,Beydoun MA

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of the Journal, Van Ewijk et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2013;177(8):729-736) report intriguing associations between prenatal exposure to the religious month of Ramadan and body anthropometry among adult Muslims in Indonesia. They categorized prenatal exposure according to the relative timing of Ramadan and the...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Susser E,Ananth CV

更新日期：2013-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A battalion of United States Marines traveling to South Korea in the spring of 1976 was studied to determine the incidence and etiology of gastroenteritis. During the three weeks they visited South Korea, 21% of 694 marines developed diarrhea. Stool and serum specimens collected before, during, and after their stay we...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Echeverria P,Hodge FA,Blacklow NR,Vollet JL,Cukor G,DuPont HL,Cross JH

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00