Abstract：
:Congenital corneal anesthesia is a rare clinical entity that poses a diagnostic dilemma, particularly in the pediatric age group. The sensory deficit may be confined to the cornea, or extend to other divisions of the trigeminal nerve. The sensory deficit may occur as an isolated abnormality, as part of a complex neurological syndrome, or it may occur in association with multiple somatic abnormalities and congenital insensitivity to pain. This condition usually presents between the ages of 8 to 12 months. Poor vision, photophobia, conjunctival injection, and corneal ulceration in the absence of pain and distress in a child should alert the clinician to the possibility of anesthetic cornea. In the early stages of presentation, punctuate keratopathy is the main feature, which may progress to non-healing persistent corneal epithelial defects. This stage may progress to acute corneal lysis and perforation. In most patients, conservative approaches such as copious lubrication, prevention of self-harm and cautious use of bandage contact lenses are effective in preventing progressive corneal damage. Tarsorrhapy is effective in promoting epithelial healing and permanent lateral tarsorraphy may prevent further development of epithelial defects. Amniotic membrane graft may be considered in order to improve epithelial healing. Corneal grafts carry a poor prognosis. Accurate initial diagnosis, evaluation, and proper management are paramount to prevent visual loss due to long-term complications of corneal anesthesia. This review of the literature outlines the problems and approaches in diagnosis, evaluation, and management of this rare condition.
journal_name
Surv Ophthalmoljournal_title
Survey of ophthalmologyauthors
Ramaesh K,Stokes J,Henry E,Dutton GN,Dhillon Bdoi
10.1016/j.survophthal.2006.10.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
50-60issue
1eissn
0039-6257issn
1879-3304pii
S0039-6257(06)00173-1journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A 55-year-old woman presented with an eight-year history of progressive gait dysfunction and a 2-3 week history of horizontal diplopia. Examination of the patient revealed acute papilledema, intermittent esotropia, and upper and lower motor neuron findings in her lower extremities. CT scan of the head showed communica...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(94)90176-7
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pseudoxanthoma elasticum is an autosomally inherited disorder that is associated with the accumulation of mineralized and fragmented elastic fibers in the skin, Bruch's membrane in the retina, and vessel walls. The ophthalmic and dermatologic expression of pseudoxanthoma elasticum and its vascular complications are he...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(03)00053-5
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Posterior scleritis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of many ocular conditions, including angle closure glaucoma, choroidal folds, optic disk edema, circumscribed fundus mass, choroidal detachment, and exudative retinal detachment. Because it is rare, a high index of suspicion is necessary. Anterior sc...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(88)90093-8
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Jules Gonin's former student presents a personal and historical biography of the Swiss ophthalmologist, who, between 1902 and 1921, explored and illustrated the many unknown aspects of retinal detachment, defined its pathogenesis, and developed the method of reattachment by ignipuncture and thermocautery. ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(76)90125-9
更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The angiostatic cortisene anecortave acetate was evaluated in three safety and efficacy studies of patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration. METHODS:The Anecortave Acetate Monotherapy Trial enrolled 128 patients randomized to anecortave acetat...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2006.11.005
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Orbital aspergillosis is an uncommon but serious infection that may first present to the ophthalmologist. Usually arising from the paranasal sinuses, it may present in manifold ways within the orbit. Some presentations, such as optic nerve involvement, can respond to systemic corticosteroids, leading to delays in diag...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(96)80004-x
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The court decisions included in this article reflect judicial attitudes towards medicolegal cases in most states. The courts have defined and amplified issues of informed consent, the physician's duty to warn patients and protect third parties, the limitations of the "Good Samaritan" statute, the responsibility of the...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(87)90071-3
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glaucoma is often characterized by decreased pressure-sensitive aqueous outflow through the trabecular meshwork. This defect in pressure-sensitive aqueous outflow is evident from the low tonographic facility of outflow ("C") measured in many patients. The impairment in outflow facility causes the high intraocular pres...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(03)00003-1
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this review is to present the recent evidence linking the family of ubiquitous proteases called calpains (EC 3.4.22.17) to neuropathologies of the retina. The hypothesis being tested in such studies is that over-activation of calpains by elevated intracellular calcium contributes to retinal cell death p...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2007.12.006
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sphingolipids are a ubiquitous membrane lipid present in every cell and found most abundantly in neural tissues. Disorders such as Tay-Sachs or Niemann-Pick disease are the most familiar examples of dysfunction in sphingolipid metabolism and are typically associated with neurodegeneration and ocular findings such as b...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2013.02.005
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathogenesis of many anterior segment disorders and ocular complications following surgery are secondary to the wound healing response. The extent of clinical damage observed is closely related to the amount of scarring and tissue contraction. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of enzymes that play a vi...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(02)00287-4
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new case of AIDS-associated, small noncleaved cell (Burkitt's) lymphoma that presented as an orbital mass is described. Extraocular muscle involvement was documented by computed tomography and confirmed by orbital biopsy. Extensive abdominal involvement was subsequently diagnosed and this caused the patient's death ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(94)90075-2
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 71-year-old woman with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with unilateral optic disc edema. Laboratory evaluations for infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic etiologies were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits with and without contrast demonstrated enhancement and thickening of the ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.04.005
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benjamin Franklin, who died 200 years ago, is generally credited with the invention of bifocals. However, serious historians have from time to time produced evidence to suggest that others may have preceded him in the invention. This historical article includes correspondence from George Whatley, a London philanthropi...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(90)90092-a
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The painting Rubens Peale with a Geranium (1801), by Rembrandt Peale, has earned a reputation as a masterpiece of early American portraiture. In recent years the painting has also been the source of controversy, because Rubens was depicted with two pairs of eyeglasses at a time when most people would not have been por...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(97)00008-8
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paranasal sinus osteoma is a slow-growing, benign, encapsulated bony tumor that may be commonly asymptomatic, being detected incidentally in 1% of plain sinus radiographs or in 3% of sinus computerized tomographic scans. In a patient presenting with orbital cellulitis and epiphora, computed tomography disclosed a larg...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00004-1
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endophthalmitis is a serious complication of cataract surgery that occurs in thousands of patients each year. To decrease the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis, many surgeons inject intracameral antibiotics (cefuroxime, moxifloxacin, and vancomycin) routinely at the end of surgery. A large number of recently ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.04.006
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is common for healthy children with specific visual complaints to be seen for eye examinations. After a complete eye examination has ruled out pathologic conditions as the cause of these complaints, it is appropriate for the clinician to explore the possibility that normal entoptic or physiologic visual phenomena m...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00078-8
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 74-year-old woman experienced chronic painless progressive binocular horizontal diplopia for 2 years. Initial examination showed a visual acuity of 20/20 OU. External and slit lamp examination was unremarkable. Orthoptic evaluation showed an incomitant esotropia, a small vertical strabismus, and a large degree of ex...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.10.006
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Statue of Freedom, which sits on top of the Capitol Dome in Washington, DC, was created by Thomas Crawford. At the peak of his career in 1856, while busy completing multiple commissions for the new Capitol extensions, he developed diplopia and consulted the leading oculists of the time in Paris, Drs. Desmarres and...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2014.11.003
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes the history and substance of New York State's proposal for a mandatory recredentialing program for physicians, its implications for the medical profession, and the pros and cons of instituting a recertification policy for ophthalmology. ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(90)90049-2
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ocular surface squamous neoplasia presents as a spectrum from simple dysplasia to carcinoma in situ to invasive squamous cell carcinoma involving the conjunctiva as well as the cornea. It is a distinct clinical entity, although it has been known by a variety of different names throughout the literature. Most commonly ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(05)80054-2
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unknown to the Western hemisphere, a Polish scientist, naturalist, anatomist, physiologist, philosopher and optician, Witelo, wrote an important ten volume manuscript, Peri-Optikes, usually cited in the literature as Perspectiva. This classic textbook was first published in 1535 in Nuremberg under the title: Vitellion...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(96)80028-2
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In treating periocular basal cell carcinoma the goal is to achieve the most complete eradication of affected tissue while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible. In the first of these "Viewpoints" articles, Drs. Leshin and Yeatts discuss the success of Mohs' microsurgical technique (MMS) in both regards. Moreov...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(93)90101-c
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vitamin D may be implicated in the pathophysiology of several ocular diseases, but its role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains uncertain. We sought to review systematically the existing evidence to evaluate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D levels and AMD. A four-database search ...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.07.003
更新日期：2020-08-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of topical adrenergic agents on the tissue circulation of the optic nerve head (ONH) were studied in animal and human eyes with use of a laser speckle tissue circulation analyzer. Drugs studied were nipradilol, a beta1-2-blocker with weak alpha-blocking and nitroglycerinlike activities; bunazosin, a select...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(97)80027-6
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium is a prominent feature of many chorio-retinal disease processes, the most prevalent of which is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium may or may not be associated with choroidal neovascularization and may be caused by different...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.survophthal.2007.02.008
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To diagnose the cause of chronic unilateral external ocular inflammation, the physician must take into account many factors usually not considered in bilateral cases. We report on the diagnosis and treatment of ten unilateral cases encompassing a variety of ocular and systemic problems. The purpose of this report is t...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(79)90019-5
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are numerous unresolved issues and controversies regarding the management of open-globe injuries involving the posterior segment. These areas include, but are not limited to, the following issues. Although vitrectomy has been shown to improve visual outcomes and allow retention of the eye in many cases, the exte...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00104-6
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coats'-like changes (i.e., retinal telangiectasia and/or exudative detachment) have been reported in as many as 1.2 to 3.6 percent of patients with retinitis pigmentosa. In severe cases this disorder may progress to total retinal detachment and visual loss in the context of longstanding retinitis pigmentosa. Forty-six...
journal_title：Survey of ophthalmology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0039-6257(88)90094-x
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
