Abstract:
:Knee injuries continue to present a complex set of clinical problems. The answers to these problems have recently been redefined by the application of sophisticated biomechanical research methods to the study of knee ligaments and joint function. This manuscript reviews contributions which our laboratory has made to the understanding of knee injury, highlighting those research findings which form the basis for our clinical treatment of knee ligament injuries. High strain-rate techniques for studying knee ligament failure have replaced the previous low strain-rate methods and distinguish the failure mechanism of ligaments from that of bone. Ligament function is now further defined by measuring the restraining force provided by specific ligaments, adding to the information provided by cutting studies. The development of the 6-degrees-of-freedom concept and the instrumented kinematic chain now permit precise analysis of joint position, motion, and laxity. Biomechanical evaluation of intra-articular anterior cruciate ligament substitution has emphasized the importance of selection of a high-strength graft material, meticulous surgical technique with attention to graft vascularity, precise location of graft fixation sites, judicious adjustment of graft tension, post-operative protection during tissue remodelling, and a carefully conceived rehabilitation program. Newer biomechanical research methods have provided a sound scientific foundation on which to base clinical decisions concerning the care of knee ligament injuries.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Noyes FR,Keller CS,Grood ES,Butler DLdoi
10.1249/00005768-198410000-00002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-10-01 00:00:00pages
427-43issue
5eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Laboratory studies using direct calorimetry, a technique which is no longer either rare or difficult, have shown no essential differences between men and women who gain weight easily and the always lean. Both groups gained weight similarly when overeating by 1,000 kcal X d-1. Thermogenic responses to eating and the en...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research has demonstrated that intracellular signaling components associated with several proinflammatory cytokines have the potential to interact with signaling pathways that regulate anabolic processes in skeletal muscle. This presentation and the ensuing brief review are intended to present a selection of th...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181b07d12
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Canine skeletal muscle preparations in situ contain varying mixtures of fast and slow fatigue resistant fibers. All vessels on the arterial side of the vascular bed in these preparations from the conduit arteries to the arterioles contribute to the vascular resistance. The vascular beds autoregulate at rest and during...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1249/00005768-198810001-00004
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare the physiological and performance adaptations between periodized and nonperiodized resistance training in women collegiate tennis athletes. METHODS:Thirty women (19 +/- 1 yr) were assigned to either a periodized resistance training group (P), nonperiodized training group (NV), or a control group (C)...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200301000-00024
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Regular physical activity leads to a more favorable cardiovascular risk factor profile and a lower risk of developing incident coronary heart disease (CHD). These correlations suggest that higher levels of physical activity should also attenuate the presence and extent of coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS:Phys...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200202000-00008
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the reliability and validity of the School Health Action, Planning and Evaluation System (SHAPES) physical activity questionnaire, a machine-readable questionnaire designed to collect data from all students in a school from grades 6 to 12 and to provide feedback to the school for planning and evalu...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000227539.58916.35
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Circulating angiogenic cells (CAC) comprise multiple subpopulations of exercise-inducible peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) that promote angiogenesis and maintain endothelial integrity. We examined the effect of acute maximal exercise on CD31, CD62E, CD14/CD31, CD34/VEGFR2, CD3/CD31, and CD3 PBMC in you...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001029
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to determine whether competitive intermittent exercise in the heat affects recovery, aggravates markers of muscle fiber damage, and delays the recovery of performance and muscle glycogen stores. METHODS:Plasma creatine kinase, serum myoglobin, muscle glycogen, and performance parameters (sprin...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31827ded04
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study was designed to determine whether serum leptin levels were affected by a 5-d military course after 3 wk of combat training. METHODS:26 male soldiers (mean age = 21 +/- 2 yr) were examined at the beginning of the training program and just at the end of the 5-d course. The combination of continuous he...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200210000-00010
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the relationship between physical activity and levels of plasma lipid peroxides, superoxide dismutase in erythrocytes (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in whole blood activities. METHODS:Cross-sectional study in 488 Spanish women. Two categories of leisure time physical activity were define...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200205000-00014
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The chronic exposure at high altitude (HA) represents an ideal model for evaluating the in vivo effects of hypobaric hypoxia. Taking advantage of the EV-K2-CNR Pyramid, this study was designed to evaluate whether acute and chronic hypoxia differently modulates the in vivo immune responses. METHODS:The study in...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000162688.54089.ce
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study examined some physiological and performance responses to a 6-d taper, and the influence of training intensity and volume on these responses. METHODS:After 15 wk of training, 8 well-trained male middle-distance runners were randomly assigned to either a moderate volume taper (MVT, N = 4) or a low vol...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005768-200002000-00038
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Increasing step rate has been shown to elicit changes in joint kinematics and kinetics during running, and it has been suggested as a possible rehabilitation strategy for runners with patellofemoral pain. The purpose of this study was to determine how altering step rate affects internal muscle forces and patell...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a78c3a
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate neuromuscular characteristics and muscle power as determinants of distance running performance. METHODS:Seventeen male endurance athletes performed a 5-km time trial (5K) that included three separate constant-velocity 200-m laps during the course and a maximal 20-m ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199901000-00020
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:An augmented pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) response may explain exercise intolerance in some humans. However, routine use of exercise hemodynamic testing is limited by a lack of data from normal older men and women. Our objective was to evaluate the exercise PAWP response and the potential for sexual d...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001227
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Cycling to school is positively associated with aerobic fitness in Danish schoolchildren and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to determine whether a positive association exists between active travel and aerobic fitness in English schoolchildren, where cycling to school is rare. METHODS:Participant...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181b11bdc
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine whether efferent sympathetic nerve activity is different to resting skeletal muscles from the exercising and nonexercising limb. MSNA was measured by microneurography in both legs (peroneal nerve) in six subjects during 2 min of unilateral isometric knee extension (IKE; 10-30...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine ethnic differences in objectively measured physical activity (PA) and the relationship between PA and metabolic risk factors. METHODS:The analysis included 2566 participants of the Dallas Heart Study (53% non-Hispanic black, 32% non-Hispanic white, and 15% Hispanic) who wore an acce...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000211
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Physical exercise or hypoxic exposure influences hemorheology and acid-base homeostasis. Band 3 protein in erythrocytes modulates cells' rheological properties and anion transport ability. This study investigated how cycling aerobic interval training (AIT) and moderate continuous training (MCT) affect the rheol...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000730
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare the total exercise loads (intensity x volume) of the Vuelta a España and Tour de France during the last year. METHODS:Seven professional road cyclists (28 +/- 1 yr; [OV0312]O(2max): 74.6 +/- 2.2 mL.kg-1.min-1) who participated in both Tour and Vuelta during the years 1997, 1999, 2000, or 2001 were c...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000064999.82036.B4
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of a 7% carbohydrate-electrolyte drink (CE) and an artificially sweetened placebo (P) on performance and physiological function were compared during a 40-km run in the heat. Eight highly trained male runners completed two runs on a measured outdoor course. The first 35 km of each run was performed at self-...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the effects of exercise or TXB2 and beta-TG when evaluated by four methods: 1) not adjusted; 2) adjusted for plasma volume changes (PV); 3) standardized per 10(5) platelets (PC); 4) or both PC and PV (PC-PV). Blood was collected from 16 men (41.3 +/- 8.1 yr) at rest after 30 min of exercise (IPE) a...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199705000-00018
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Although independent relationships between sitting behaviors (mainly television viewing) and health outcomes have been reported, few studies have examined the measurement properties of self-report sitting questions. This study assessed gender-specific test-retest reliability and validity of a questionnaire that...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181c5ec18
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the effects of anabolic steroids on myocardial structure, VO2max, and body composition, experienced age-matched male weight trainers (M age 26.5 yr) who either used (U) (N = 11) or did not use (NU) (N = 13) anabolic steroids were evaluated. Steroid users were tested while off cycle (U-OFF) for at least 8 ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The frequency of interruptions in sedentary time (sedentary breaks) is an aspect of sedentary behaviors that may be associated with metabolic health outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe the change in the frequency of sedentary breaks during a 10-yr period from ages 5 to 15 yr. METHODS:The longitudin...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318245ca20
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare gastric emptying (GE) responses during intense, prolonged cycling and running. It is important to discern whether gastric emptying (GE) responses are exercise-mode specific, since the findings of cycling and running studies are often compared and applied to one another. Ten mal...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study examined the relationship between age and gender with physical activity (PA) and how meeting of PA guidelines (PAGL) is related to socioeconomic status (SES) and sedentary behaviors (SB). METHODS:Data were collected from 11-, 13-, and 15-yr-old students in 32 countries participating in the Health Be...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181917722
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of 103 female weight lifters (WL) and 92 control (C) women answered a survey concerning eating behavior and attitudes (including the Eating Disorder Inventory) and menstrual function. The incidence of menstrual dysfunction, defined as oligomenorrhea plus amenorrhea, was significantly higher for the WL (30%) th...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of the sickle cell trait in a school for elite young athletes in Cameroon, West Africa, was examined in order to evaluate whether the choice of an athletic career was influenced by its presence. The presence of hemoglobin AS was found in 27 of the 145 students attending the school (18.6%). Since the fre...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exercise represents the primary countermeasure used during spaceflight to maintain or restore maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max), musculoskeletal structure, and orthostatic function. However, no single exercise or combination of prescriptions has proven entirely effective in restoring cardiovascular and musculoskeletal...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005768-199608000-00010
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00