Abstract：
:Laboratory studies using direct calorimetry, a technique which is no longer either rare or difficult, have shown no essential differences between men and women who gain weight easily and the always lean. Both groups gained weight similarly when overeating by 1,000 kcal X d-1. Thermogenic responses to eating and the energy losses in food and urine were similar in the overweight and lean. Daily sedentary energy expenditure is a function of fat-free mass, and fat-free mass increases with obesity. During exercise, calorimetry has shown that heat losses are not always exactly matched to heat production as calculated from respiratory gas exchange, but a 24-h exercise period with a cycle ergometer showed reasonable energy balance when subjects ate as much as they spent. During weight loss from restricting food intake by 1,000 kcal X d-1, calorimetry showed a 12% reduction in sedentary energy expenditure. Based on calorimetry studies and other evidence in the literature, exercise increases energy expenditure, it may eliminate the reduced energy expenditure of caloric restriction, and it can increase muscle mass and thus increase both fat-free mass and daily expenditure.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Webb Psubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-02-01 00:00:00pages
3-5issue
1eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the influence of two patellofemoral braces on pain response, patellar alignment, and patellofemoral joint contact area in persons with patellofemoral pain. METHODS:Fifteen women between the ages of 18 and 45 yr with a diagnosis of patellofemoral pain participated. After the assessment of pain respon...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000132376.50984.27
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate energy balance and body composition in 42 gymnasts (mean age = 15.5 yr) and 20 runners (mean age = 26.6 yr), all of whom were on national teams or were nationally ranked. METHODS:Athletes were assessed for body composition using DEXA and skinfolds, and energy balance w...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200003000-00017
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of body weight on the performance in cross-country skiing has been studied by: dimensional analysis of the ratio (R) between the factors of importance to power production (VO2max, acceleration of gravity) and the braking powers, e.g., friction and air resistance; measuring the energy cost of level skiing...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten highly trained endurance athletes were studied to determine the effects of exposure to low ozone (O3) concentrations on simulated competitive endurance performance and associated physiological and subjective symptom responses. Each subject was randomly exposed to filtered air (FA), and to 0.12, 0.18, and 0.24 ppm ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations of person-related factors with physical activity (PA) behavior in young adults. METHODS:We analyzed longitudinal self-reported time spent in moderate-intensity PA (MPA; 4-7 METs) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA; >7 METs) from 499 young adults (49% male) ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000126
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine whether long-term fish oil (FO) supplementation is associated with a lower risk of mobility disability and enhances benefits of physical activity (PA). METHODS:A total of 1635 sedentary adults age 70 to 89 yr from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders single-blinde...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002195
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The effects of chronic exercise training on the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) in skeletal muscle of senescent animals are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic exercise training on skeletal muscle HSP expression in both young and old rats. METHODS:Youn...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200105000-00008
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine longitudinal change in cardiorespiratory fitness and odds of incident sleep problems. METHODS:A cohort of 7368 men and 1155 women, age 20-85 yr, was recruited from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. The cohort did not complain of sleep problems, depression, or anxiety at their first clinic visi...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000506
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The coordination of blood flow control in exercising skeletal muscle is exemplified by the interaction among muscle fibers, nerves, and the smooth muscle and endothelial cells which comprise the resistance vasculature. During functional hyperemia in active muscle, maximal flow exceeds resting values by 10- to 50-fold,...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data obtained from 16-mm film of world caliber Olympic weight lifters performing at major competitions were analyzed to study energy changes during body segment and barbell movements, energy transfer to the barbell, and energy transfer between segments during the lifting movements contested. Determination of barbell a...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Closed rupture of the flexor tendon sheath has been known to occur in the elite rock climbing population. However, only one study has investigated the prevalence of this entity. PURPOSE:To examine an elite climbing group in this country for the prevalence of pulley rupture and report on other commonly occur...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200008000-00002
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We hypothesized that the structure of systemic arteries would be altered following 10-14 wk of hindlimb unloading (tail suspension) in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Tail suspension resulted in atrophy of the soleus muscle (P < or = 0.01) but no significant differences in the mass of the extensor digitorum muscle, heart,...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199710000-00005
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The present study investigated the effects of three consecutive days of endurance training under conditions of low energy availability (LEA) on the muscle glycogen content, muscle damage markers, endocrine regulation, and endurance capacity in male runners. METHODS:Seven male long-distance runners (19.9 ± 1.1 ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002098
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study determined the dose-response effects of inhaled salbutamol (SAL) on time-trial performance and urine concentrations of SAL (cSAL). METHODS:Nonasthmatic, trained male cyclists and triathletes (N = 37) were studied. Day 1 consisted of screening for airway hyperresponsiveness, using a eucapnic voluntar...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/mss.0b013e3181591df7
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine whether similar patterns of quadriceps dysfunction are observed when people with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency perform static and dynamic tasks. METHODS:EMG data were collected from 15 subjects with an ACL deficient knee and 15 uninjured subjects as they...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000131959.20666.11
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Past investigations indicate that training-related injuries are associated with certain performance-oriented measures of physical fitness and certain lifestyle characteristics. This study examined associations between injuries, direct (physiological) measures of physical fitness, and lifestyle characteristics. ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200106000-00014
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Energy expenditure during bicycling on flat terrain depends predominantly on air resistance, which is a function of total frontal area (bicycle and rider), coefficient of drag, and air speed. Body position on the bicycle may affect energy expenditure by altering either frontal area or coefficient of drag. In this stud...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myocardial crypts are extensions of blood signal penetrating the compact myocardium and are considered in literature as either a distinctive cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging marker for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or as benign congenital malformations. What if CMR reveals a myocardial crypt in the presence of a...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000406
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to identify electromyographic (EMG) differences in the latent muscle reaction timing (LMRT) of the rotator cuff between trained overhead throwers and control subjects in response to sudden internal rotation perturbation (P < or = 0.05). METHODS:Subjects included 15 trained overhea...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199910000-00006
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:For optimal health benefits, moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) is recommended in sustained bouts lasting ≥10 min. However, short spurts of MVPA lasting <10 min are more common in everyday life. It is unclear whether short spurts of MVPA further protect against the development of hypert...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000662
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article focuses on sports related spinal cord and nerve injuries, ranging from mild "stinger" syndrome to complete quadriplegia. Particular emphasis is placed on recommendations for return to competition after such injuries. Cervical spinal cord symptoms after a spine injury from contact sports require a more pre...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199707001-00005
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare the rate of gastric emptying of 20 g.l-1 (2G), 40 g.l-1 (4G), and 60 g.l-1 (6G) glucose solutions with that of water (W). On separate occasions in randomized order, a 600-ml test solution was instilled into the stomach of each of six healthy male volunteers. Gastric emptying wa...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Pedometers may provide valuable information regarding the ambulatory patterns of adolescents, but the effects of body mass index (BMI) on pedometer accuracy in this population are unknown.The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to determine whether the New Lifestyles NL-2000 (NL) and the Digi-Walker SW-200 (D...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182746aa5
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE:Cycling is associated with a reproducible systolic anterograde and diastolic retrograde flow pattern in the brachial artery (BA) of the inactive upper limb, which results in endothelial nitric oxide (NO) release. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of different types and intensities...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181923957
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the physiological and performance adaptations between periodized and nonperiodized resistance training in women collegiate tennis athletes. METHODS:Thirty women (19 +/- 1 yr) were assigned to either a periodized resistance training group (P), nonperiodized training group (NV), or a control group (C)...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200301000-00024
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The extent of and the interactions between muscle strength, walking speed, postural control, and symptomatic fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS) are not known, nor are the effects of bilateral strength asymmetries on these variables. PURPOSE:To quantify the magnitude of and the associations between bilateral...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817e32a3
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study examined whether plasma total glutathione levels could explain the intersubject variability in the creatine kinase (CK) response to eccentric exercise. We hypothesized that the increase in plasma CK activity after eccentric exercise would be lower for individuals with low plasma total glutathione (<2...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.MSS.0000069553.47739.36
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiovascular responses were obtained during cycling with graded levels of lower-body positive pressure (LBPP) applied to the exercising limbs. Seven men performed four incremental work rate (25 W.min-1) exercise (IWREx) tests to their limit of tolerance while exposed to 0, 15, 30, or 45 Torr LBPP. They also performe...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/00005768-199406000-00008
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty subjects were randomly assigned to: 1) prophylactic ibuprofen (N = 5) [400 mg TID initiated 4 h before collection of baseline data and strenuous eccentric exercise bout], 2) therapeutic ibuprofen (N = 5) [400 mg TID initiated 24 h after baseline], 3) placebo (N = 5), or 4) control (N = 5). Muscle soreness perce...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/00005768-199301000-00003
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The Compendium of Physical Activities was developed to enhance the comparability of results across studies using self-report physical activity (PA) and is used to quantify the energy cost of a wide variety of PA. We provide the second update of the Compendium, called the 2011 Compendium. METHODS:The 2011 Compe...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31821ece12
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
