Abstract:
:The purpose of this study was to compare the rate of gastric emptying of 20 g.l-1 (2G), 40 g.l-1 (4G), and 60 g.l-1 (6G) glucose solutions with that of water (W). On separate occasions in randomized order, a 600-ml test solution was instilled into the stomach of each of six healthy male volunteers. Gastric emptying was measured at 10-min intervals for 1 h by a double sampling gastric aspiration method that allowed the volume of test drink and of the gastric secretion present in the stomach to be measured at each time point. All solutions emptied rapidly and followed an exponential emptying pattern. The 20 g.l-1 glucose solution was emptied at the same rate as water. After the first 10 min of rapid emptying, 4G and 6G were emptied slower (P < 0.05) than water. 6G delivered more (P < 0.05) glucose to the small intestine than 4G, and 4G delivered more glucose than 2G. The results indicate that a 20 g.l-1 glucose solution has no effect on gastric emptying compared with water, but that after the first 10 min of rapid emptying, glucose solutions at a concentration of 40 g.l-1 or more delay gastric emptying.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Vist GE,Maughan RJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-10-01 00:00:00pages
1269-73issue
10eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
26pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:PURPOSE:the objective of this study was to characterize the biomechanical effects of step rate modification during running on the hip, knee, and ankle joints so as to evaluate a potential strategy to reduce lower extremity loading and risk for injury. METHODS:three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics were recorded fro...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181ebedf4
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since many physiological, metabolic, and endocrine changes that occur during pregnancy are evident even at rest, the alterations found during exercise may not necessarily be the same as those found in the normal population. Nonetheless, the exercise-induced cardiopulmonary changes are essentially normal or slightly ex...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1249/00005768-198508000-00001
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study characterizes exercise-induced lipid peroxidation during graded aerobic exercise in seven healthy men and women (36.4 +/- 3 yr). Levels of ethane and pentane in expired breath during cardiopulmonary exercise stress testing were measured at rest, lactic acidosis threshold (LAT), maximal exercise (VO2max), an...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199708000-00008
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty well-trained runners (VO2max 4.6+/-0.5 L x min[-1]) were age and ability matched and assigned to either a cross training (CT) or run only group (RT). All subjects maintained normal running distance and intensity for 6 wk and reported for three additional training sessions per week. These workouts were performed...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199802000-00019
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to catalog the relationships between step-based accelerometer metrics indicative of physical activity volume (steps per day, adjusted to a pedometer scale), intensity (mean steps per minute from the highest, not necessarily consecutive, minutes in a day; peak 30-min cadence), and sedentary beha...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001100
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this project was to determine the incidence of exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) among U.S. Olympic winter sport athletes. METHODS:Subjects included female and male members of the 1998 U.S. Winter Olympic Team from the following sports: biathlon, cross-country ski, figure skating, ice hockey, ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200004000-00003
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE:Physical inactivity in postmenopausal women contributes to a rise in atherogenic risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome. Although regular physical activity positively contributes to health, inactivity progressively increases with age. The Dose Response to Exercise in Women aged 45-...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000113738.06267.E5
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare four different methods of measuring physical activity (PA) in adult women under free-living conditions. METHODS:Twelve women participated in a 7-d period during which PA was assessed via self-report, accelerometry and step-counting. Subjects wore at the waist a Tritrac-R3D accelerometer, a Computer ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200007000-00021
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study compared the ActiGraph accelerometer model 7164 (AM1) with the ActiGraph GT1M (AM2) during self-paced locomotion. METHODS:Participants (n = 116, aged 18-73 yr, mean body mass index = 26.1 kg x m(-2)) walked at self-selected slow, medium, and fast speeds around an indoor circular hallway (0.47 km). B...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181c29e90
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The objective of this study was to quantify age-related changes in accelerometer-derived day-level physical activity and sedentary behavior pattern metrics (i.e., number, length, and temporal dispersion of bouts and breaks) across 3 yr of middle childhood. Differences by child sex and weekend versus weekday wer...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002247
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:beta2 adrenergic agonists are widely used as doping agents. Their side effects on bone, especially microarchitecture, remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic clenbuterol and salbutamol treatment on bones of growing rats. METHODS:Twelve-week-old Wistar female rats were d...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000177592.82507.95
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Physical endurance can be limited by muscle glycogen stores, in that glycogen depletion markedly reduces external work. During carbohydrate restriction, the liver synthesizes the ketone bodies, D-β-hydroxybutyrate, and acetoacetate from fatty acids. In animals and in the presence of glucose, D-β-hydroxybut...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001292
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Studies have shown that the classical sit-and-reach (CSR) test, the modified sit-and-reach (MSR), and the newly developed back-saver sit-and-reach (BS) test have poor criterion-related validity in estimating low-back flexibility but yielded moderate criterion-related validity in hamstring flexibility. The V sit...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200009000-00021
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to describe the body composition of adolescent and young adult ballet dancers using total body electrical conductivity (TOBEC). We studied 112 female and 33 male dancers. The mean ages were 15.0 +/- 2.0 and 18.7 +/- 3.1 yr for females and males, respectively. The mean percent body fat (PB...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to test whether a tidally ventilated homogeneous lung model can correctly describe arterial and end-tidal gas partial pressures and thus the difference in end-tidal and arterial gas partial pressures at rest and during exercise. METHODS:The implemented mathematical modeling described ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200204000-00010
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Ultraendurance exercise is steadily growing in popularity; however, the effect of increasingly prolonged durations of exercise on the vascular endothelium is unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of various ultramarathon running distances on vascular form and function. METHODS:We evalua...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002493
更新日期:2020-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The effects of chronic exercise training on the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) in skeletal muscle of senescent animals are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic exercise training on skeletal muscle HSP expression in both young and old rats. METHODS:Youn...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200105000-00008
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motivation to engage in health-promoting exercise has been ascribed to global personality traits such as self-esteem or athletic self-confidence. Self-Efficacy Theory challenges this view by proposing that highly specific estimates of personal capabilities mediate adoption of new or difficult behavior patterns. We tes...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study, theoretically based on the Exercise Self-Esteem Model, EXSEM, examined effects of exercise modality on physical and global self-esteem (PSE, GSE) in breast cancer survivors. The EXSEM posits GSE at the apex with PSE feeding into GSE. PSE has three subdomains: physical condition (PC), attractive body...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31822cb5f2
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the reliability of motor-evoked potentials (MEP) obtained using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) and biceps brachii muscles. METHODS:Fourteen college subjects attended the laboratory on three separate days. TMS was used to obtain MEP with the subject r...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000139804.02576.6a
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Splanchnic hypoperfusion is a physiological phenomenon during strenuous exercise. It has been associated with gastrointestinal symptoms and intestinal injury and may hamper athletic performance. We hypothesized that L-citrulline supplementation improves splanchnic perfusion and decreases intestinal injury by en...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000332
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In large epidemiologic studies, physical activity (PA) is often assessed using PA questionnaires (PAQ). Because available PAQ may not capture the full range of PA in which urban Chinese adults engage, a PAQ was developed for this purpose. We examined the validity of this PAQ and the 1-yr stability of PA in 545 ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181e1fcd5
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study focused on age and physical activity as determinants of muscle strength. The study involved 620 women 25-73 yr of age. The five muscle groups assessed were: grip, plantarflexors, hip abductors, trunk flexors, and trunk extensors. Pearson correlations yielded significant negative correlations of muscle stren...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study examined whether plasma total glutathione levels could explain the intersubject variability in the creatine kinase (CK) response to eccentric exercise. We hypothesized that the increase in plasma CK activity after eccentric exercise would be lower for individuals with low plasma total glutathione (<2...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000069553.47739.36
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aims to examine whether muscle glycogen availability is associated with fatigue in a repeated exercise bout following short-term recovery. METHODS:Ten endurance-trained individuals underwent two trials in a repeated-measures experimental design, each involving an initial run to exhaustion at 70% of ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000737
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Current athlete-specific protein recommendations are based almost exclusively on research in males. PURPOSE:Using the minimally invasive indicator amino acid oxidation technique, we determined the daily protein intake that maximizes whole-body protein synthesis (PS) and net protein balance (NB) after exer...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001832
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To quantify the relationship between total training load and running performance during the most important competitions of the season (national cross-country championships, 4.175- and 10.130-km races). METHODS:Eight well-trained, subelite endurance runners (age (mean+/-SD): 23+/-2 yr; VO2max: 70.0+/-7.3 mL.kg....
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000155393.78744.86
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::During exercise, especially endurance exercise in the heat, vital body fluids and essential ions are lost in sweat, and the body may deplete its glycogen stores. Unless essential body fluids are restored, these conditions can produce hypovolemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hyperthermia, and dehydration. Performance m...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidation-reduction (redox) based regulation of gene expression appears to be a fundamental regulatory mechanism in cell biology. This basic information has been exploited to develop novel strategies in clinical therapeutics. In contrast to the conventional idea that reactive species mostly serve as a trigger for oxid...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005768-200103000-00005
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE:This study investigated whether the progressive rise in heart rate (HR) and fall in stroke volume (SV) during prolonged, constant-rate, moderate-intensity exercise (cardiovascular drift, CVdrift) in a hot environment is associated with a reduction in VO(2max). METHODS:CVdrift was measured in nine ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000152731.33450.95
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00