Abstract：
:A group of 103 female weight lifters (WL) and 92 control (C) women answered a survey concerning eating behavior and attitudes (including the Eating Disorder Inventory) and menstrual function. The incidence of menstrual dysfunction, defined as oligomenorrhea plus amenorrhea, was significantly higher for the WL (30%) than for the C (13%) not on contraceptive pills. Only 2% of the women had amenorrhea. The incidence of dysfunction was highest for the subset of 12 WL who had competed in at least one body building competition (COMP); 86% of the COMP not on birth control pills had menstrual dysfunction (P less than 0.05). More WL than C reported missing at least one menstrual period during the last year (P = 0.06). WL scored significantly higher than C on the Drive for Thinness subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI). Fifteen percent of the WL and 9% of the C achieved the criteria on this subscale for being weight preoccupied (P greater than 0.05). Significantly more WL than C responded that they were terrified of becoming fat (WL 56%, C 38%), were obsessed with food (WL 47%, C 30%), used laxatives for weight control (WL 14%, C 1%), and claimed that they had been anorexic in the past (WL 17%, C 5%). Examination of the answers of COMP revealed several items that were significantly different from the remainder of the WL. For example, 42% used to be anorexic, 67% were terrified of becoming fat, and 50% experienced uncontrollable urges to eat.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Walberg JL,Johnston CSsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-01-01 00:00:00pages
30-6issue
1eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The present study was designed to assess the effects of acute exercise and short-term intensive training on catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity. COMT inactivates catecholamines and converts primary catecholestrogens (CE) into their O-methylated form yielding the 2- (2-MeOE) and 4-methoxyestrogens (4-MeOE). Bl...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199712000-00006
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estimates of muscular efficiency in competitive and recreational cyclists at similar work intensities and cycling frequencies were examined. Twelve healthy college-age male nonsmoker volunteers were grouped as either competitive (CC; N = 6) or recreational (RC; N = 6) cyclists based upon previous cycling experience. S...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199611000-00008
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of mouth rinsing a CHO-electrolyte (CHO-E) solution on 1-h running performance. A second study determined whether mouth rinsing a CHO-E solution altered the blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations at rest. METHODS:After a 13-h fast, 10 endurance-tr...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181bac6e4
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study determined the dose-response effects of inhaled salbutamol (SAL) on time-trial performance and urine concentrations of SAL (cSAL). METHODS:Nonasthmatic, trained male cyclists and triathletes (N = 37) were studied. Day 1 consisted of screening for airway hyperresponsiveness, using a eucapnic voluntar...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/mss.0b013e3181591df7
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Quadriceps strength deficits persist for years after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, and patients with these deficits often shift torque demands away from the knee extensors to the hip during functional tasks. However, it is not clear how quadriceps strength deficits may affect hip strength. Th...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000999
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cell-to-cell lactate shuttle was introduced in 1984 and has been repeatedly supported by studies using a variety of experimental approaches. Because of its large mass and metabolic capacity, skeletal muscle is probably the major component of the lactate shuttle in terms of both production and consumption. Muscles ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31815fa580
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association between increasing age and decreasing vagal modulation is well known. However, the importance of fitness as a determinant of the decline in vagal modulation with age is not established. To test the hypothesis that decreasing vagal modulation is largely a function of declining fitness rather than increa...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199706000-00012
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:FRESH START is a randomized controlled trial that will test whether a personally tailored, distance-medicine-based program will increase exercise and fruit and vegetable consumption, and decrease fat intake of individuals recently diagnosed with breast or prostate cancer. METHODS:Early-stage breast and prostat...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/01.MSS.0000053704.28156.0F
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A decrease in hepatic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity following endurance training has been a consistent observation. In the present study, we sought to determine whether the training-induced decrease in hepatic LDH activity (pyruvate = substrate) was associated with a shift in the isoenzyme profile and/or altera...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:This study examined the relationship of heart rate reserve (HRR: maximal heart rate - resting heart rate) and cardiovascular disease mortality (CVD) or all-cause mortality among healthy men. METHODS:Subjects were 27,459 healthy men, age 20-59 yr, who completed a maximal treadmill exercise test and answered ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200212000-00003
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine whether physical performance adaptation is impaired in smokers during early stages of military training and to examine some of the putative mechanistic candidates that could explain any impairment. METHODS:We examined measures of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde [MDA], lipid hydroperoxides), infl...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002224
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Aerobic exercise training has been shown to improve CRP; however, there are limited data evaluating the effect of other exercise training modalities (aerobic, resistance, or combination trai...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31824526cc
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Lateral knee osteoarthritis (OA) is common after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), yet gait characteristics associated with lateral knee OA after ACLR are not well understood. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare knee, trunk, pelvis, hip, and ankle kinematics and moments between people wi...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000671
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Increasing step rate has been shown to elicit changes in joint kinematics and kinetics during running, and it has been suggested as a possible rehabilitation strategy for runners with patellofemoral pain. The purpose of this study was to determine how altering step rate affects internal muscle forces and patell...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a78c3a
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:High internal stress is considered to be a possible cause of heel-pad problems. External biomechanical measurements are used to attempt to understand the causes of heel pain. However, internal stress cannot be measured experimentally. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify the relationship between...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inheritance of cardiac changes during acute dynamic physical exercise was studied in 21 pairs of monozygotic and 12 pairs of dizygotic male twins, ages 18-31 yr. Echocardiography was performed in resting conditions and at submaximal supine bicycle exercise at a heart rate of 110 bpm. In resting conditions signific...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine longitudinal change in cardiorespiratory fitness and odds of incident sleep problems. METHODS:A cohort of 7368 men and 1155 women, age 20-85 yr, was recruited from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. The cohort did not complain of sleep problems, depression, or anxiety at their first clinic visi...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000506
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to determine whether physical activity patterns are associated with sleep later at night and if nighttime sleep is associated with physical activity patterns the next day among adult women. METHODS:Women (N = 353) living throughout the United States wore a wrist and a hip accelerometer for 7 d...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001000
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the association between aerobic, caloric exercise expenditure and life status (living vs deceased) as well as the prevalence rates of hypertension (HBP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in former male athletes (ATH) and non-athletes (N-ATH). The initial survey for this study was done in 1952. Follo...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/00005768-199012000-00002
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used an algebraic model of resting heart rate (HRr), HRr-mn (HRo), to compare resting parasympathetic (n) and sympathetic (m) influence, intrinsic heart rate (HRo), and resting autonomic balance (Abal) in ten endurance-trained (ET) and ten nontrained (NT) men. The values of m, n, and Abal were determined by selecti...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/00005768-198902000-00008
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Young children's regular participation in physical activity is important not only to prevent excess weight gain and avoid chronic health problems but also to promote optimal physical, social, and psychological development. Given the large number of children enrolled in some form of out-of-home child care, this setting...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type：
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181ce9f85
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We suggest a mechanism by which blood volume changes might explain the hypotension that, after space flight, often accompanies the return to normal gravity. Upon entering microgravity, peripheral veins may collapse and, because of volume redistribution, raise the pressure in the central venous compartment. After some ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199610000-00029
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Age Discrimination in Employment Act has raised the issue of Bona Fide Occupational Qualifications for employment in the public safety sector. Complicating the issue is the number of lawsuits filed for violation of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. Physical performance testing as an alternative to arbitrar...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Acute stress can increase fatigability and decrease steadiness of sustained low-force contractions that are required for functional tasks in upper limb muscles. Whether motor performance is more impaired in people with a chronic stress disorder is not known. PURPOSE:This study compared the fatigability an...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000244
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the classic physiological variables linked to endurance performance (VO2max, %VO2max at lactate threshold (LT), and running economy (RE)) with peak treadmill velocity (PTV) as predictors of performance in a 16-km time trial. METHODS:Seventeen healthy, well-trained distance runners (10 males and 7 fe...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181c0669d
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Loud sounds can decrease reaction time (RT) and increase force generated during voluntary contractions. Accordingly, we hypothesized that the loud starter's pistol at the Olympic Games allows runners closer to the starter to react sooner and stronger than runners farther away. METHODS:RT for the 100/110 m...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816770e1
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty-eight athletes with unilateral patellar tendinopathy (17 with a tendinopathy of the main body of the tendon, and 21 with an insertional tendinopathy) underwent ultrasound-guided multiple percutaneous longitudinal tenotomy under local anaesthetic infiltration after failure of conservative management. Thirty-four...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199911000-00003
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study investigated whether flexibility training would attenuate muscle damage induced by maximal eccentric exercise. METHODS:Thirty untrained young men were allocated to static stretching (SS), proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), or control group (n = 10 per group). The SS consisted of 30 set...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181f315ad
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:It is well established that hemodynamic dysfunction, resulting in diminished upper-extremity work capacity, occurs in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) as compared with those who are nondisabled (ND). Although it has been shown that persons with paraplegia display higher values of heart rate (HR) with ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200209000-00001
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationships between individual performance and lactate exchange and removal abilities were studies in 12 male rowers all subjected to three measurements on a rowing ergometer. An incremental exercise carried out to determine the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and the corresponding maximal aerobic power (Pamax), ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199703000-00016
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
