Abstract:
:Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), a common human respiratory pathogen, is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract disease in children and adults. Currently, no antiviral drugs are available to treat CoV infections; thus, potential drug targets need to be identified and characterized. Here, we identify HCoV-NL63 replicase gene products and characterize two viral papain-like proteases (PLPs), PLP1 and PLP2, which process the viral replicase polyprotein. We generated polyclonal antisera directed against two of the predicted replicase nonstructural proteins (nsp3 and nsp4) and detected replicase proteins from HCoV-NL63-infected LLC-MK2 cells by immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and Western blot assays. We found that HCoV-NL63 replicase products can be detected at 24 h postinfection and that these proteins accumulate in perinuclear sites, consistent with membrane-associated replication complexes. To determine which viral proteases are responsible for processing these products, we generated constructs representing the amino-terminal end of the HCoV-NL63 replicase gene and established protease cis-cleavage assays. We found that PLP1 processes cleavage site 1 to release nsp1, whereas PLP2 is responsible for processing both cleavage sites 2 and 3 to release nsp2 and nsp3. We expressed and purified PLP2 and used a peptide-based assay to identify the cleavage sites recognized by this enzyme. Furthermore, by using K48-linked hexa-ubiquitin substrate and ubiquitin-vinylsulfone inhibitor specific for deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), we confirmed that, like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) CoV PLpro, HCoV-NL63 PLP2 has DUB activity. The identification of the replicase products and characterization of HCoV-NL63 PLP DUB activity will facilitate comparative studies of CoV proteases and aid in the development of novel antiviral reagents directed against human pathogens such as HCoV-NL63 and SARS-CoV.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Chen Z,Wang Y,Ratia K,Mesecar AD,Wilkinson KD,Baker SCdoi
10.1128/JVI.02747-06subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-06-01 00:00:00pages
6007-18issue
11eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514pii
JVI.02747-06journal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章abstract::HIV protease is known to cause cell death, which is dependent upon cleavage of procaspase 8. HIV protease cleavage of procaspase 8 generates Casp8p41, which directly binds Bak with nanomolar affinity, causing Bak activation and consequent cell death. Casp8p41 can also bind Bcl2 with nanomolar affinity, in which case c...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00037-18
更新日期:2018-06-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.12.9796-9802.1999
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are two types of infectious vaccinia virus particles: intracellular naked virions and extracellular enveloped virions (EEV). To determine the biological role of the enveloped form of vaccinia virus, we produced and characterized a mutant that is defective in EEV formation. The strategy involved replacement by ho...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.65.11.5910-5920.1991
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transformation-defective (td) mutants with different sizes of genomic RNA were isolated from the Prague strain of Rous sarcoma virus, subgroup C(PR-C). All six td viruses (tdTYPR-C) isolated from a single UV-irradiated stock of PR-C (clone 2 of TYPR-C) had slightly longer RNA than did the ordinary class b RNA of tdB77...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.30.2.453-461.1979
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02649-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies showed that the amino-terminal domain of Rous sarcoma virus p60v-src involved in myristylation and membrane association of the protein is required for morphological transformation and anchorage independence. Analysis of src delection mutants revealed that the amino-terminal one-third of p60v-src, incl...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.61.5.1678-1681.1987
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of retrovirus-like sequences have been cloned from chimpanzee DNA which constitute the chimpanzee homologs of the endogenous colobus type C virus CPC-1. One of the clones contains a nearly complete viral genome, but others have sustained deletions of 1 to 2 kilobases in the polymerase gene. The pattern of rel...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.43.3.914-924.1982
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg) is the only known protein of hepatitis delta virus and was previously shown to localize in the nucleoplasm of infected liver cells. In this study, nuclear localization signals of HDAg were defined by expressing various domains of the antigen in both hepatic and nonhepatic cells as beta-g...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.10.6019-6027.1992
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.9.4390-4398.1990
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the possible contribution of host immune responses to the exertion of Fv2-associated resistance to Friend virus (FV)-induced disease development, we inoculated C57BL/6 (B6) mice that lacked various subsets of lymphocytes with FV containing no lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus. Fv2(r) B6 mice lacking CD4(...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02506-13
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The viral early-to-late switch of papillomavirus infection is tightly linked to keratinocyte differentiation and is mediated in part by alternative mRNA splicing. Here, we report that SRp20, a cellular splicing factor, controls the early-to-late switch via interactions with A/C-rich RNA elements. An A/C-rich SE4 eleme...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01719-08
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.54.2.483-492.1985
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytoplasmic virus-specific RNA and polyribosomes from a chronically infected feline thymus tumor cell line, F-422, were analyzed by using in vitro-synthesized feline leukemia virus (Rickard strain) (R-FeLV) complementary DNA (cDNA) probe. By hybridization kinetics analysis, cytoplasmic, polyribosomat, and nuclear RNAs...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.25.3.750-763.1978
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Widespread distribution of highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses in domesticated and wild birds continues to pose a threat to public health, as interspecies transmission of virus has resulted in increasing numbers of human disease cases. Although the pathogenic mechanism(s) of H5N1 influenza viruses has not b...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02144-08
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of B cells, B blasts, and macrophages to present Epstein-Barr virion antigens to autologous T cells and trigger their capacity to inhibit Epstein-Barr virus-induced B-cell transformation was tested. Macrophages were as efficient as B cells and B blasts in presenting the virus to T lymphocytes. This functio...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.3.1398-1401.1990
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Escherichia coli B infected with phage T4 with mutations in gene 55 the shut-off of synthesis of two early enzymes was found to be delayed 10 to 15 min as compared to wild-type T4 infection. The kinetics of early enzyme formation was very similar to that obtained after DNA-negative mutant infection. The transcripti...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.12.1.49-57.1973
更新日期:1973-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The measles virus (MeV) membrane fusion apparatus consists of a fusion protein trimer and an attachment protein tetramer. To trigger membrane fusion, the heads of the MeV attachment protein, hemagglutinin (H), bind cellular receptors while the 96-residue-long H stalk transmits the triggering signal. Structur...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02846-13
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.22.10563-10570.2000
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.20.1.203-210.1976
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.6.3630-3634.1993
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.39.3.903-913.1981
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.3.1558-1565.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A polypeptide (p40) of approximately 40,000 molecular weight was isolated from herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 nucleocapsids by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. This protein appears to be the same as protein 22a described previously (Gibson and Roizman, J. Virol. 10:1044--1052, 1972). Competition immu...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.29.1.34-42.1979
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) E7 oncoprotein is required for the full transformation activity of the virus. Although BPV-1 E7 by itself is not sufficient to induce cellular transformation, it enhances the abilities of the other BPV-1 oncogenes to induce anchorage independence. We have been exploring the mec...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00422-07
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A protein-protein interaction within the helicase domain of the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) 126- and 183-kDa replicase proteins was previously implicated in virus replication (S. Goregaoker, D. Lewandowski, and J. Culver, Virology 282:320-328, 2001). To further characterize the interaction, polypeptides covering the in...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.6.3549-3556.2003
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) targets cellular proteins, including histone H3, p53, E2F, and Dnmt1, and is involved in the regulation of gene expression, DNA replication, the cell cycle, and the DNA damage response. LSD1 catalyzes demethylation of histone H3K9 associated with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) imme...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00974-20
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:CBFβ was recently found to be a key regulator of the ability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif to overcome host antiviral APOBEC3 proteins. However, the detailed molecular requirements for the Vif-CBFβ interaction are still not clear. Here, we mapped the minimum Vif domain required for CBFβ ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.03604-13
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) challenge, mice immunized with RSV G or with formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) exhibit severe disease associated with type 2 cytokine production and pulmonary eosinophilia. This has led to the proposal that the presence of RSV G is the factor in FI-RSV that induces disease-e...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.11.6024-6032.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A adenovirus type 5 host range mutant (hr440) has been isolated which is defective in a splicing event required to generate the middle-sized mRNA from early region 1A. This defect has been ascribed to two adjacent nucleotide changes which lie five and six nucleotides from the 5' splice site for this mRNA (Solnick, Nat...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.42.1.106-113.1982
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poliovirus-specific RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3Dpol) was purified to apparent homogeneity. A single polypeptide of an apparent molecular weight of 63,000 catalyzes the synthesis of dimeric and monomeric RNA products in response to the poliovirion RNA template. Analysis of purified 3Dpol by two-dimensional electrop...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.63.11.4563-4568.1989
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00