Abstract：
:Olfactory preferences of two-week-old bottle-fed infants were assessed in a series of simultaneous two-choice tests. Infants of each sex displayed preferential orientation to a stimulus pad worn on their mother's breast over a clean control pad. When maternal breast odor was paired with the odor of the infants' formula, however, boys spent more time oriented toward the formula odor, whereas girls evinced no reliable preferences. Although the subject infants had no prior direct contact with odors emanating from the breasts of lactating females, but had recurring reinforced exposure to the odor of their familiar formula (in the context of feeding), the former scents elicited a more positive response. Preferential orientation to lactating-breast odors reflects adaptive inborn attraction to cues associated with the natural food source for human neonates.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Porter RH,Makin JW,Davis LB,Christensen KMdoi
10.1016/0031-9384(91)90413-isubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-11-01 00:00:00pages
907-11issue
5eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
0031-9384(91)90413-Ijournal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:This study aimed at investigating the effects of modulators of acetylcholine-muscarinic (ACh-M) and GABAA.B-receptors in the lateral hypothalamus and ventral tegmentum on the electrical self-stimulation evoked from these regions. In each Wistar rat, a bipolar electrode and an ipsilateral insulated cannula-cum-electrod...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00452-0
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Highly purified insulin-like growth factors I and II and insulin (100 ng peptide/animal) were injected intracerebroventricularly in rats and the effect on 24 hour food consumption examined. IGF-II injections resulted in a 21% decrease in food intake and 4% body weight loss over the 24 hour period following peptide adm...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90279-4
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite some reports that aspartame (APM)-sweetened beverages may increase subjective appetite, previously we demonstrated that drinking 280 ml of an APM-sweetened soft drink (170 mg APM) had no effect on appetite, and 560 ml of the same soft drink (340 mg APM) reduced appetite. The present study examined this appetit...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90139-7
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic stress during adolescence is related to increased prevalence of anxiety disorders and alcohol use disorders in humans. This phenotype has been consistently recapitulated in animal models with male subjects, but models using female subjects are fewer. The aim of these studies was to test the hypothesis that chr...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.02.010
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The imidazopyridine zolpidem has previously been shown to displace benzodiazepines from their receptors, with a preferential activity at BZ1 sites, and to exert hypnotic activity in man. Zolpidem's pharmacological profile includes anticonvulsant, antipunishment and behavioral depressant actions. However, unlike benzod...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90359-3
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of metabolic status on food selection during refeeding after fasting was investigated in rats fasted for a long period of time and subsequently given the choice of eating fat, protein, and carbohydrate individually. Rats were fasted until either metabolic phase 2 (essentially using lipids) or metabolic p...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)02231-7
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Repeated delivery of fast rise-time acoustic stimuli elicit cardiac changes in humans that reflect startle, orienting, and defense responses. To test the hypothesis that fast rise-time stimuli produce these responses in the rat, we evaluated magnitude, latency, and habituation of cardiovascular responses to brief airp...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(96)00154-0
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats' voluntary ethanol intake varies with dispositional factors and energy status. The joint influences of these were of interest here. We previously reported that rats selectively bred for high voluntary saccharin intake (HiS) consume more ethanol and express more robust conditioning of preference for flavors paired...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.12.001
更新日期：2013-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Binge eating disorders are characterized by discrete episodes of rapid and excessive food consumption. In rats, giving intermittent access to sweet fat food mimics this aspect of binge eating. These models typically employ solid food; however, the total amount consumed depends on motivation, palatability and satiety, ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.03.005
更新日期：2013-04-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The long-term consequences of a single social defeat on open field behaviour in rats were studied, with special emphasis on the time course of stress-induced changes. Animals were subjected to social defeat by placing them into the territory of an aggressive male conspecific for 1 h. After the defeat session experimen...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)02271-6
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used changes in body color and eyespot formation, two somatic indices of stress controlled mainly by catecholamine activity, to compare the reactions of dominant and subordinate male green anole lizards (Anolis carolinensis) to a nonsocial stressor, forced movement. Individual males were pretested by subjecting the...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2003.10.009
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to investigate long-term stability and variability of diurnal cortisol and alpha-amylase patterns. Diurnal cortisol and alpha-amylase secretion patterns were assessed on a single workday with three waves of measurement across a total time period of 24months in 189 participants. Separate hierarchical l...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.021
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous studies have established the pancreatic B-cell hormone amylin as an important anorectic peptide affecting meal-ending satiety. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a chronic infusion of the amylin antagonist AC 187 on food intake. The studies were performed using obese Zucker fa/fa rats, which ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.02.002
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Loss of libido is a major side effect that reduces the quality of life of prostate cancer patients on androgen-deprivation therapy. Estrogen restores sexual interest to some extent in castrated male mammals; however, the beneficial effects of estrogen vary greatly among different studies. We investigated whether the t...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.12.010
更新日期：2013-02-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The coordination and regulation of electrical signals across excitable cells is a complex, dynamic phenomenon requiring, in part, the interaction of ion channels with cellular constituents. The intracellular loops or domains of many ion channel subunits have been shown to specifically bind other cellular components th...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00912-5
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our previous studies have shown that in long-term two-bottle preference tests, mice from the C57BL/6ByJ (B6) inbred strain drink more monosodium glutamate (MSG) and inosine monophosphate (IMP) than mice from the 129P3/J (129) inbred strain. The goal of this study was to examine whether this variation in consumption co...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.07.016
更新日期：2009-10-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Studied were isolation induced effects in guinea pigs. Males (CM) living in two colonies (12 males, 12 females, each) were compared to males (IM) born in the colonies and kept isolated from their 2nd month of age. The findings were: At 19 months of age CM showed higher testosterone and cortisol titers, higher adrenal ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(86)90129-0
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were infused with hemicholinium (HC-3) using mini-osmotic pumps over a 14 day period through bilateral, chronically implanted cannulae in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (nbm). Ten matched controls were infused in the same fashion with saline. HC-3 rats receiving implants demonst...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90239-3
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasing doses of naltrexone (25 to 200 mg) given over 4 consecutive days reduced intake of laboratory luncheon meals by 30% in 17 obese men. Meal size remained suppressed in the laboratory during the week following naltrexone administration. Water intake in the laboratory and body weight were not affected. Rates of...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90198-3
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Women in the reproductive age are more vulnerable to develop affective disorders than men. This difference may attribute to anatomical differences, hormonal influences and environmental factors such as stress. However, the higher prevalence in women normalizes once menopause is established, suggesting that ovarian hor...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.036
更新日期：2009-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical blockade of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) by single microinjections of pentobarbital in ad lib fed male Wistar rats induced a meal that did not outlast a 10-min postinjection period. When food was presented only after this period, feeding was nearly absent. Repeating the injection after 10 and 20 min le...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(80)90055-4
更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An operant chamber has been developed for studying lever-press conditioning in the green crab Carcinus maenas. In one series of experiments, animals were presented with a single bar and were reinforced with food for every bar press. Performance increased over time and high rates of responding were observed after 2 day...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(90)90311-q
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of nutritional supplementation with essential omega 3 and 6 fatty acids on CA1 neuronal death and recovery of functional impairments following global ischemia. Groups of Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to four experimental conditions determined by the ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.07.020
更新日期：2008-10-20 00:00:00
abstract：:To characterize the mechanism of the anorexia during infection, we investigated the effect of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on feeding in rats under various conditions: LPS (125, 100, 75, and 50 micrograms/kg body weight = b. wt.) injected intraperitoneally (IP) reduced food intake by decreasing meal frequency with...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90032-2
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is evidence of a sexually dimorphic effect of serotonin administration during the critical period of sexual differentiation on gonadal hormone secretion in adulthood. To investigate the possible involvement of catecholamines on these mechanisms, we have injected dopamine or noradrenaline intraventricularly into ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90175-2
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies examined the contribution of textural factors to the ability of rats to sense starch. If rats sense the abrasive effects of starch suspensions, conditioned aversions to starch should generalize to substances having a similar texture. Two substances having a texture similar to that of starch were examined, poly...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90220-a
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite many previous studies on stiffness perception, few have investigated the exploratory procedures involved. This study evaluated whether stiffness range influences pressing movements and perception of force and displacement during stiffness discrimination tasks. Force and displacement data were obtained from 30 ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.05.022
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats with lesions of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) and intact rats were maintained on restricted feeding with the duration of food access ranging from 4 to 12 hr. All rats with SCN lesions displayed at least some anticipatory activity (AA) at all food access durations. The amount of AA diminished when food access w...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(89)90359-4
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to analyze if the electroencephalographic (EEG) activity of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) was modified throughout various reproductive stages of female rats exposed to pup-associated or non-associated odors. Simultaneous EEG recordings were obtained fr...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.09.013
更新日期：2005-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：:In three experiments, startle responses to brief intense tone-bursts (30 msec, 110 dB, 6000 Hz) and single pulse (0.1 msec) stimulation of the cochlear nucleus and the nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis are studied under high pressures of heliox (from 0 bar to 50 bars) in the rat. For each rat (N = 12), mean amplitud...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(88)90076-5
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
