Abstract:
:Although estrogens have been detected in some echinoderm species, their role is not clearly understood; so we examined the effects of estrogens administered to sea urchin embryos and larvae. A typical malformation was exogastrulation, induced by the exposure to ethynylestradiol (EER) in a defined period of 12 h from 12 h after fertilization (HAF). Morphogenesis for gastrulation was delayed in the treated embryos: protrusion of the archenteron started at 30 HAF when gastrulation had already finished in normal embryos. Exogastrulation induced by EER was cancelled by the antiestrogen chemical, ICI182,780. Feeding larvae were less sensitive to estrogens than those in early embryogenesis and, at certain concentrations, developed without abnormal morphology. The effect of estrogens was examined at the level of gene expression of the major yolk protein (MYP). MYP expression started during the larval stage and was suppressed by estrone at the six-armed stage, but not by beta-estradiol, and in later stage larvae, the expression was not affected by treatment with either estrogen. Estrogens affect sea urchins in the early stage of embryogenesis, leading to abnormal morphogenesis and interference with gene expression.
journal_name
Cell Biol Toxicoljournal_title
Cell biology and toxicologyauthors
Kiyomoto M,Kikuchi A,Morinaga S,Unuma T,Yokota Ydoi
10.1007/s10565-008-9073-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-12-01 00:00:00pages
611-20issue
6eissn
0742-2091issn
1573-6822journal_volume
24pub_type
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