Abstract:
RATIONALE:Though interoceptive properties of antidepressants have been described, discriminative stimulus (DS) properties of mirtazapine, which does not affect monoamine reuptake, remain uncharacterized. OBJECTIVES:The objectives of the study are to train rats to recognize a mirtazapine DS, then perform substitution studies with other antidepressants and drugs acting at sites occupied by mirtazapine. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Using a two-lever, fixed-ratio 10 schedule, rats were trained to discriminate mirtazapine (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) from saline. RESULTS:Sessions, 63 +/- 8, were necessary to reach the criterion for 14 rats that all subsequently recognized (100%) mirtazapine at the training dose. Mirtazapine blocks serotonin (5-HT)(2C) receptors, and the 5-HT(2C) antagonists, SB242,084, SB243,213 and S32006, revealed dose-dependent and full (> or =80%) substitution at doses of 2.5, 2.5, and 0.63 mg/kg, respectively. By contrast, the 5-HT(2A) antagonists, MDL100,907 and SR46349-B, the 5-HT(2B) antagonist, SB204,741, and the 5-HT(3) antagonist, ondansetron, showed no significant substitution. Though mirtazapine indirectly recruits 5-HT(1A) receptors, the 5-HT(1A) agonists, buspirone and 8-OH-DPAT, did not substitute. Mirtazapine blocks alpha(2)-adrenoceptors, but several alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonists (yohimbine, RX821,002 and atipamezole) failed to substitute. Despite blockade by mirtazapine of histamine H(1) receptors, no substitution was seen with the selective H(1) antagonist, pyrilamine. Finally, the selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, reboxetine (0.16), fully substituted for mirtazapine, whereas the 5-HT/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, duloxetine and S33005, several 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (citalopram, fluvoxamine, and paroxetine) and the dopamine reuptake inhibitors, bupropion and GBR12,935, did not substitute. CONCLUSION:Mirtazapine elicits a DS in rats for which selective antagonists at 5-HT(2C) receptors display dose-dependent substitution, whereas drugs acting at other sites recognized by mirtazapine are ineffective.
journal_name
Psychopharmacology (Berl)journal_title
Psychopharmacologyauthors
Dekeyne A,Millan MJdoi
10.1007/s00213-008-1259-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-04-01 00:00:00pages
329-41issue
2eissn
0033-3158issn
1432-2072journal_volume
203pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Selectively bred FAST mice are highly susceptible, while SLOW mice are less susceptible, to the locomotor stimulant effects of ethanol. Heritability estimates indicate that approximately 15% of the variance in the FAST lines is of additive genetic origin, while low susceptibility is ostensibly nonheritable. Inbreeding...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244259
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transdermal nicotine has been shown to relieve nicotine withdrawal and to double smoking cessation rates compared to placebo in clinical trials. A 21 or 22 mg/day dose provides a steady state serum nicotine that is less than obtained from smoking. Limited information is available about higher nicotine patch doses. To ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02246542
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Quitting smoking is often very challenging, leading to frequent relapse. Exposure to acute and chronic stress during abstinence increases the likelihood of relapse to smoking. In rodents, stress acutely reinstates nicotine seeking after extinction of nicotine self-administration (SA). However, whether reacqui...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-014-3501-x
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Pindolol has been reported to shorten the onset of antidepressant action of selective serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as well as to increase their efficacy. It has been postulated that pindolol enhances the antidepressant effect of SSRIs by blocking somatodendritic 5-HT1A aut...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130000470
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE:Estradiol decline has been associated with depression and anxiety in post-menopausal women. Agomelatine (Ago) is an agonist of the melatonergic MT1/MT2 receptors and an antagonist of the serotonergic 5-HT2c receptors. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of combining Ago with 17β-estr...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05580-2
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Several lines of evidence have indicated that the central histaminergic system might be involved in learning and memory OBJECTIVES:The aim of the present study was to ascertain the impact on memory processes of putative histaminergic-cholinergic interactions in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) of th...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130100892
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The behavioral responsiveness to challenge doses of the D2 agonist quinpirole was examined in 21-day-old normal offspring (experiment 1) as well as offspring exposed gestationally to cocaine (experiment 2). In both experiments weanling rats received a subcutaneous injection of 0 (0.9% saline), 0.04, 0.08, 0.5, or 1.0 ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245109
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A history of brief intermittent social defeat stress can escalate cocaine self-administration and induce long-term adaptations in the mesolimbic dopamine system. Extra-hypothalamic corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) has been shown to be closely associated with stress-induced escalation of drug use. How re...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-017-4676-8
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study was performed on the effect of ethanol on the basal and K+-evoked efflux of endogenous GABA from rat hypothalamic fragments. The amount of GABA present in the medium and in the tissue was measured by radioreceptor assay. In vitro addition of ethanol (50 and 100 mM) enhanced the K+-evoked efflux of GABA in a Ca...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00181959
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:Previous studies show that electrical stimulation of the ventral subiculum (vSub) can reinstate drug-seeking behavior in rats following extinction. This study examined whether vSub stimulation could also evoke reinitiation of d-amphetamine (d-AMPH) self-administration during voluntary abstinenc...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1337-2
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Batteries of tests that are thought to measure different aspects of anxiety-related behaviour are used to characterise mice after genetic or pharmacological manipulation. However, because of the potentially confounding effects of repeated testing and natural intra-individual variations in behaviour over time,...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1873-0
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of practice while under intoxication was tested on the development of acute tolerance to the motor impairment effect of ethanol. In experiment 1, the motor impairment effect induced by an IP injection of 1.8 g/kg ethanol was quantified after various intervals in separate groups of animals. Lower impairme...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244833
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the studies reported here, we investigated the effects of nicotine on memory for unrelated word lists. Nicotine was delivered through cigarette smoking, and memory performance was assessed using both intentional and incidental recall tasks, and employing an additional, indirect measure of memory. We report the resu...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02245856
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postsynaptic dopamine-cholecystokinin (CCK) interactions in the nucleus accumbens were studied in two behavioral preparations of DA receptor supersensitivity: chronic-neuroleptic treated and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) denervated rats. Subcutaneous (SC) injections of apomorphine (APO; 0.15 mg/kg) in experiment 1 produc...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00445568
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphetamine stimulates locomotor activity, in large part by activating central dopaminergic systems. Serotonin shares on overlapping distribution with dopamine and has been shown to modulate dopaminergic function and dopamine-mediated behaviors. The present study examined whether increasing serotonergic function, via ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050852
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fatty acid specificity of the depressant actions associated with prostaglandin (PG) administration was studied in mice. Administration of PG-E2 (0.4 and 1.0 mg/kg) or PG-D2 (0.4 and 4 mg/kg) significantly potentiated pentobarbital sleeping time. Arachidonic acid (3.3 mg/kg) administration also significantly potent...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00555225
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult female offspring of C57BL/6J mice injected daily with phenobarbital for the last third of pregnancy were more active than control offspring during a 3-min test period in an open field arena, thus confirming previous reports of lasting effects of prenatal exposure to phenobarbital. These offspring habituated less...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00432745
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenelzine (PLZ) is a non-selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor commonly used to treat depression and panic disorder. In addition to increasing levels of biogenic amines in the brain, PLZ elevates brain levels of the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA; Baker et al. 1991; present study). Given the extensive...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002130050890
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The non-selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist nicotine has been argued to improve attention via enhanced filtering of irrelevant stimuli. Here, we tested this hypothesis in the context of smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEMs), an oculomotor function previously shown to improve with nicotin...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00213-019-05223-1
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lithium pretreatment in rats potentiates the epileptogenic effects of pilocarpine and other cholinergic agonists. In order to determine if this effect of lithium could be reversed by myo-inositol, rats were pretreated with intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of myoinositol, artificial CSF or L-chiro-inositol. Lit...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02246978
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE/OBJECTIVES:Previous research has shown that ecstasy users are impaired in thinking and reasoning. The present study sought to explore the possibility that syllogistic reasoning errors in ecstasy users were due to an inability to construct a model of the premises due to working memory limitations. METHODS:Twe...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0006-7
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of pretreatment with ritanserin, a potent and selective serotonin-S2 (5-HT2) receptor antagonist, on the prolactin (PRL) response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was studied in seven female patients suffering from major depressive disorder. They were given either ECT alone, or ECT after 10 or 20 mg ritan...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02244407
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The positive modulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid type-A (GABAA) receptors is a putative mechanism via which alcohol escalates aggressive behavior. Broad-spectrum benzodiazepine antagonists block alcohol-heightened aggression in rats and monkeys. However, the degree to which GABAA subunit composition plays a...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-003-1661-1
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Carbon monoxide synthetized by inducible heme oxygenase (HO-1) exerts potent anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects during acute and neuropathic pain, but its role in the modulation of chronic inflammatory pain and the possible involvement of nitric oxide in this action remain unknown. OBJECTIVES AND ...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-013-3302-7
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the enantiomers of 3-PPP on the maintenance of conditioned avoidance responding (CAR) were studied. The weak classical dopamine (DA) agonist (+)-3-PPP failed to interfere with CAR at any dose tested (0.8-13.6 mg/kg). Low doses of the drug produced sedation, while high doses produced behavioural stimulat...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00439266
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to study the role of dopamine (DA) in the regulation of seizure mechanisms in man, a non-emetic dose of apomorphine, a direct stimulant of DA receptors, was administered to eight patients effected by different types of epilepsy. The EEG changes induced by apomorphine administration in comparison to those elic...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF00427814
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Phytocannabinoids are useful therapeutics for multiple applications including treatments of constipation, malaria, rheumatism, alleviation of intraocular pressure, emesis, anxiety and some neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Consistent with these medicinal properties, extracted cannabinoids have rec...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2415-0
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:We test methods to advance (shift earlier) circadian rhythms without producing misalignment between rhythms and sleep. We previously tested (1) a gradually advancing sleep/dark schedule plus morning bright light and afternoon/evening melatonin and (2) the same sleep schedule with only morning bright light. No...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2869-8
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on the locomotor activity-stimulating action of morphine has been investigated in mice. THC (10 mg/kg) has been found to potentiate morphine-induced hyperactivity. On the other hand, the stimulating action of morphine on motor activity strongly diminished in mice render...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00427650
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the efficacy of buprenorphine to methadone for decreasing cocaine use in patients with combined opioid and cocaine use. Participants (n = 51) were enrolled in a 26-week treatment program and randomly assigned to either buprenorphine or methadone. Dosing was double-blind and double-dummy. Patients w...
journal_title:Psychopharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF02247469
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00