Abstract:
:Cerebellar injury has been increasingly recognized as a complication of preterm birth, with decreased cerebellar volumes seen on follow-up neuroimaging. A cohort of 38 preterm newborns, including 14 with two scans, was studied with MRI, including single-shot fast spin-echo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) sequence specifically to assess the posterior fossa. Early changes in the cerebellum [apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA)] were assessed and correlated with supratentorial manifestations of injury [intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) or white matter injury (WMI)]. ADC decreased and FA increased with increasing gestational age in both cerebellar gray and white matter. Severe IVH was associated with increased ADC in the middle cerebellar peduncles and hila of the cerebellar nuclei, decreased ADC in the cerebellar cortex, and decreased FA in all three regions. Changes with WMI were not consistent. Significant developmental changes in water diffusion were seen in cerebellar gray and white matter that were altered in patients with supratentorial IVH. DTI studies may provide an early indicator for cerebellar injury and abnormal cerebellar development in preterm neonates.
journal_name
Pediatr Resjournal_title
Pediatric researchauthors
Tam EW,Ferriero DM,Xu D,Berman JI,Vigneron DB,Barkovich AJ,Miller SPdoi
10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181a1fb3dsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-07-01 00:00:00pages
102-6issue
1eissn
0031-3998issn
1530-0447journal_volume
66pub_type
杂志文章abstract::An imbalance in apoptosis or survival of immune cells plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Phagocytosis-induced cell death (PICD) is a common result of the pathogen-host cell interaction mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Neonatal sepsis is frequently characterized by hyperinflammation. Co...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/PDR.0b013e31815b8e9f
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Very early preterm infants (VPIs) are exposed to unpredictable noise in neonatal intensive care units. Their ability to perceive moderate acoustic environmental changes has not been fully investigated. RESULTS:Physiological values of the 598 isolated sound peaks (SPs) that were 5-10 and 10-15 dB slow-resp...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/pr.2011.76
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Altered pulmonary vascular resistance might be a factor for delayed closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA) in preterm infants. Angiotensin II plays a central role in the elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance. Angiotensin II exerts its vasoconstrictor effect on the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). Homozygous ...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/01.PDR.0000088016.67117.39
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the hemodynamic responses of 29 anesthetized and mechanically ventilated piglets to acute hypoxia [reduction of Pao2 from 130 to 38 mm Hg induced by inhalation of 7% fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2) for 7.5 min] before and during group B beta-hemolytic streptococci (GBS) sepsis. During hypoxia, nonseptic ...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-200004000-00017
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunological competence of neonatal rabbits inoculated intradermally with Treponema pallidum was examined. Both cellular responses and the production of humoral antibody to specific T. pallidum antigens and to nonspecific antigens or mitogens were investigated. In blast transformation assays, splenic and poplitea...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-198410000-00013
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although it is commonly accepted that upper airway obstruction (UAO) increases gastroesophageal reflux (GER), the link is poorly understood and insufficiently documented. In addition, while hypoxia is often encountered in infants with UAO, its consequences on GER are virtually unknown. The two aims of the pr...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41390-020-0920-8
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We banded the trachea of 4-wk-old male rats and studied lung growth, lung morphometry, and static pulmonary mechanics 4 wk later. We compared the experimental animals to sham-operated male littermates of the same age, 8-wk-old normal male littermates, and weight-matched rats of a younger age. Tracheal banded animals w...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-198103000-00014
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was carried out to determine the influence and site of action of N omega-nitro-L-arginine methylester, an L-arginine analogue, on basal pulmonary vascular tone and hypoxic vasoconstriction in neonatal pig lungs. We studied isolated lungs from pigs, age 14.5 +/- 0.5 (SD) d and weight 3.6 +/- 0.7 kg, perfused...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199309000-00022
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The Coulter LH780 hematology analyzer can evaluate mean neutrophil volume (MNV), conductivity (MNC), scatter (MNS), and distribution width (DW). We sought to investigate the value of volume, conductivity, and scatter (VCS) parameters in diagnosis and treatment efficacy of neonatal sepsis. RESULTS:We obser...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/pr.2011.16
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Deficiencies in phagocytosis may contribute to the increased susceptibility of infants to early life infections. Data on phagocytosis of the major neonatal pathogens Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE), Staphylococcus aureus (SA), and Escherichia coli (EC) by preterm infant leukocytes are inconsistent. METHODS:...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/pr.2013.145
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP) and N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-phenylalanine (FMP) were used to investigate neutrophil (PMN) aggregation. Neutrophils were isolated from healthy adult volunteers and term newborn cord blood. Neutrophil aggregation was measured after the addition of FMLP and FMP. Adult P...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-198312000-00013
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of hypertension in pregnant women on fetal maturation is an issue of considerable importance. Because of a possible role of prolactin in fetal adrenal steroidogenesis and in fetal lung maturation, we have investigated the relationship between hypertension in pregnant women and levels of prolactin and dehydr...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-198609000-00014
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary hypoplasia has been associated with absent or hypoplastic pulmonary artery in four cases in humans. Despite these reports, the effects of decreased pulmonary arterial flow on fetal lung growth have not been adequately studied. This study defines the effects of left pulmonary artery (LPA) ligation on fetal lu...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199002000-00004
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown that glucocorticoids accelerate lung development by limiting alveolar formation resulting from a premature maturation of the alveolar septa. Based on these data, the aim of the present work was to analyze the influence of dexamethasone on cell cycle control mechanisms during postnatal lung developmen...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-200202000-00008
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells has been shown in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HIV-infected adults analyzed after overnight culture. Because cell death may be an artifact of in vitro culture, and because there is little information on apoptosis in pediatric HIV disease, we undertook a cross-secti...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1203/00006450-199711000-00018
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study is to determine whether the oxidative injury markers, protein carbonyls and malondialdehyde (MDA), are elevated in tracheal aspirates from very low birth weight (< 1500 g) infants; to determine whether levels correlate with myeloperoxidase as a marker of neutrophil inflammation; and to assess...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-200005000-00014
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Groups of newborn rats were transthoracically inoculated with 1 X 10(6) type III group B streptococci/g body wt, either alone or in combination with 1.5 microgram/g body wt of type-specific antibody derived from hybridoma cell lines. Ninety-four percent of the animals who received bacteria alone died. In contrast, non...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-198310000-00005
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may represent a mode of allergy prevention. Cord blood (CB) CD34+ hemopoietic progenitors are altered in infants at risk of atopy. We therefore studied the effects of dietary n-3 PUFA supplementation during pregnancy on numbers and function of progenitors in neonates at h...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1203/01.PDR.0000148279.72611.1D
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of nebulized racemic epinephrine to improve ventilatory function in the newborn postextubation was studied. Forty-five infants intubated for more than 3 days were randomized to receive racemic epinephrine by nebulization immediately postextubation or to receive only warmed, humidified gas. Measurements of air ...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1203/00006450-198704000-00012
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) differed between two selected groups of black and white children and whether a difference existed to determine whether it was related to hematologic profiles, body composition, and/or physical activity/inactivity level. Fort...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/01.PDR.0000141521.77229.8D
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this investigation was twofold: (1) to identify and characterize the enzymatic ATP hydrolysis system of epithelial cilia, and (2) to develop a quantitative, biochemical test for the ciliotoxic cystic fibrosis (CF) factor based on inhibition of ATP utilization by ciliary preparations. Our rationale for s...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-197602000-00012
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various assay methods for detection of thyroid hormones in human milk were evaluated in recovery and dilution experiments after which the concentrations of thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) were measured and compared with those in serum. The effect of breast feeding on pituitary thyroid function of norma...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-198306000-00008
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) are members of a group of rare heterogenous disorders, the histiocytoses, characterized by uncontrolled accumulation of pleomorphic infiltrates of leukocytes. The etiology of these diseases is mainly unknown. CD45 is a hemopoietic cell sp...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/01.PDR.0000106803.15344.72
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effect of maternal concentration and mode of administration on transfer rate of TSH-releasing hormone (TRH) in an in vitro model of dually perfused isolated lobule of human term placenta. Varying concentrations (4-40 microg dL(-1)) of TRH were added either to the open maternal circulation to mimic an in...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199705000-00012
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The pathogenesis of BPD includes inflammation and oxidative stress in the immature lung. Corticosteroids improve respiratory status and outcome, but the optimal treatment regimen for benefit with low systemic effects is uncertain. METHODS:In a pilot dose escalation trial, we administered ≤5 daily doses of b...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41390-020-01343-z
更新日期:2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoxia and other adverse conditions are commonly encountered by rapidly growing cells. The RNA-binding protein RBM3 (RNA-binding motif protein 3), which is transcriptionally induced by low temperature and hypoxia, has recently been implicated in survival of colon cancer cells by mechanisms involving cyclooxygenase-2 ...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181c13326
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that milk sensitization aggravates intestinal dysfunction in the malnourished guinea pigs, suggesting that it may also impair the recovery from malnutrition. To test this hypothesis, the growing guinea pigs were malnourished by feeding only maize for 7 d and then were refed for 21 d with a bal...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199812000-00018
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Serum caffeine concentrations >20 μg/ml (100 μmol/l) in infants treated for apnea of prematurity increases TNF-α and decreases IL-10, changes that perhaps are linked to comorbidities. We hypothesize that this proinflammatory cytokine profile may be linked to differential binding of caffeine to adenosine rece...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/pr.2016.50
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal disease of premature infants. Maternal milk has been suggested to be partially protective against NEC; however, the mechanisms of this protection are not defined. The aim of this study was to examine the effect(s) of artificial feeding of rat milk (RM)-versus...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/01.PDR.0000050657.56817.E0
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated, using a human placental choriocarcinoma cell line as a model, the effects of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A on several placental transport systems mediating the transfer of glucose and amino acids from mother to fetus. The results of the investigation show that the transport system responsib...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199207000-00024
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00